excep.cpp

#include <string>
#include <iostream>
#include <typeinfo>
#include <tr1/memory> 

using namespace std;

class MyException{};
class Dummy
{
    public:
    Dummy(string s) : MyName(s) { PrintMsg("Created Dummy:"); }
    Dummy(const Dummy& other) : MyName(other.MyName){ PrintMsg("Copy created Dummy:"); }
    ~Dummy(){ PrintMsg("Destroyed Dummy:"); }
    void PrintMsg(string s) { cout << s  << MyName <<  endl; }
    string MyName; 
    int level;
};


void C(Dummy d, int i)
{ 
    cout << "Entering FunctionC" << endl;
    d.MyName = " C";
    throw MyException();   

    cout << "Exiting FunctionC" << endl;
}

void B(Dummy d, int i)
{
    cout << "Entering FunctionB" << endl;
    d.MyName = "B";
    C(d, i + 1);   
    cout << "Exiting FunctionB" << endl; 
}

void A(Dummy d, int i)
{ 
    cout << "Entering FunctionA" << endl;
    d.MyName = " A" ;
    //Dummy* pd = new Dummy("new Dummy"); //Not exception safe!!!
    tr1::shared_ptr<Dummy> sp(new Dummy("new Dummy"));
    B(d, i + 1);
    //delete pd; 
    cout << "Exiting FunctionA" << endl;   
}


int main()
{
    cout << "Entering main" << endl;
    try
    {
        Dummy d(" M");
        A(d,1);
    }
    catch (MyException& e)
    {
        cout << "Caught an exception of type: " << typeid(e).name() << endl;
    }

    cout << "Exiting main." << endl;
    char c;
    cin >> c;
}

/* Output:
    Entering main
    Created Dummy: M
    Copy created Dummy: M
    Entering FunctionA
    Copy created Dummy: A
    Entering FunctionB
    Copy created Dummy: B
    Entering FunctionC
    Destroyed Dummy: C
    Destroyed Dummy: B
    Destroyed Dummy: A
    Destroyed Dummy: M
    Caught an exception of type: class MyException
    Exiting main.

*/