[LoopUnroll] Clamp PartialThreshold for large LoopMicroOpBufferSize (#67657)

The znver3/znver4 scheduler models are outliers, specifying very large
LoopMicroOpBufferSizes at 512, while typical values for other subtargets
are on the order of ~50. Even if this information is
micro-architecturally correct (*), this does not mean that we want to
runtime unroll all loops to a size that completely fills the loop
buffer. Unless this is the single hot loop in the entire application,
the massive code size increase will bust the micro-op and instruction
caches.

Protect against this by clamping to the default PartialThreshold of 150,
which is the same as the default full-unroll threshold and half the
aggressive full-unroll threshold. Allowing more partial unrolling than
full unrolling certainly does not make sense.

(*) I strongly doubt that this is actually correct -- I believe this may
derive from an incorrect reading of Agner Fog's micro-architecture
guide. The number 4096 that was originally used here is the size of the
general micro-op cache, not that of a loop buffer. A separate loop
buffer is not listed for the Zen microarchitecture. Comparing this to
the listing for Skylake, it has a 1536 micro-op buffer, but only a 64
micro-op loopback buffer, with a note that it's rarely fully utilized.
Our scheduling model specifies LoopMicroOpBufferSize of 50 in that case.

Author: nikic

llvm/include/llvm/CodeGen/BasicTTIImpl.h

@@ -612,7 +612,13 @@ class BasicTTIImplBase : public TargetTransformInfoImplCRTPBase<T> {
     if (PartialUnrollingThreshold.getNumOccurrences() > 0)
       MaxOps = PartialUnrollingThreshold;
     else if (ST->getSchedModel().LoopMicroOpBufferSize > 0)
-      MaxOps = ST->getSchedModel().LoopMicroOpBufferSize;
+      // Upper bound by the default PartialThreshold, which is the same as
+      // the default full-unroll Threshold. Even if the loop micro-op buffer
+      // is very large, this does not mean that we want to unroll all loops
+      // to that length, as it would increase code size beyond the limits of
+      // what unrolling normally allows.
+      MaxOps = std::min(ST->getSchedModel().LoopMicroOpBufferSize,
+                        UP.PartialThreshold);
     else
       return;