45171575: ld warning: text-based stub file and library file out of sync after updating Command Line Tools

[openradar-mirror]

Description

Summary:
When linking code against any framework, ld presents a warning that the tbd and library files for the framework are out of sync. This only seems to occur when command-line tools are installed (it does not reproduce when ONLY Xcode is installed).

Go users have found that downgrading the CLTs fixes this warning: golang/go#26073 (comment)

More instances are in the linked bug above.

Vim users have also run into this issue: vim/vim#3445

Steps to Reproduce:
$ pkgutil --pkg-info=com.apple.pkg.CLTools_Executables | grep version
version: 10.0.0.0.1.1535735448
$ cat > issue.c
int main() { return 0; }
^D
$ clang issue.c -framework CoreFoundation
ld: warning: text-based stub file /System/Library/Frameworks//CoreFoundation.framework/CoreFoundation.tbd and library file /System/Library/Frameworks//CoreFoundation.framework/CoreFoundation are out of sync. Falling back to library file for linking.
$ clang --version
Apple LLVM version 10.0.0 (clang-1000.10.44.2)
Target: x86_64-apple-darwin17.7.0
Thread model: posix
InstalledDir: /Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/usr/bin

Expected Results:
No warnings from ld

Actual Results:
Warnings from ld

Version/Build:
OS: macOS High Sierra, version 10.13.6 (17G65) and macOS Mojave, version 10.14 (18A391)
Xcode: version 10.0 (10A255) (installed, but haven't done the "install additional required components" yet)
Xcode CLI tools: version 10.0.0.0.1.1535735448 (via pkgutil --pkg-info=com.apple.pkg.CLTools_Executables)
Clang: Apple LLVM version 10.0.0 (clang-1000.10.44.2)

Configuration:
Target: x86_64-apple-darwin17.7.0
Thread model: posix
InstalledDir: /Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/usr/bin

Product Version: 10.0.0.0.1.1535735448
Created: 2018-10-10T20:55:15.189746
Originated: 2018-10-08T00:00:00
Open Radar Link: http://www.openradar.me/45171575