[Clang] Support generic bit counting builtins on fixed boolean vectors

jhuber6 · jhuber6 · commit cc9d2d9e4923 · 2025-08-21T15:40:07.000-05:00
Summary:
Boolean vectors as implemented in clang can be bit-casted to an integer
that is rounded up to the next primitive sized integer. Users can do
this themselves, but since the counting bits are very likely to be used
with bitmasks like this and the generic forms are expected to be
generic it seems reasonable that we handle this case directly.
diff --git a/clang/docs/LanguageExtensions.rst b/clang/docs/LanguageExtensions.rst
@@ -4182,7 +4182,7 @@ builtin, the mangler emits their usual pattern without any special treatment.
 -----------------------
 
 ``__builtin_popcountg`` returns the number of 1 bits in the argument. The
-argument can be of any unsigned integer type.
+argument can be of any unsigned integer type or fixed boolean vector.
 
 **Syntax**:
 
@@ -4214,7 +4214,7 @@ such as ``unsigned __int128`` and C23 ``unsigned _BitInt(N)``.
 
 ``__builtin_clzg`` (respectively ``__builtin_ctzg``) returns the number of
 leading (respectively trailing) 0 bits in the first argument. The first argument
-can be of any unsigned integer type.
+can be of any unsigned integer type or fixed boolean vector.
 
 If the first argument is 0 and an optional second argument of ``int`` type is
 provided, then the second argument is returned. If the first argument is 0, but
diff --git a/clang/docs/ReleaseNotes.rst b/clang/docs/ReleaseNotes.rst
@@ -143,10 +143,12 @@ Non-comprehensive list of changes in this release
 - Added ``__builtin_masked_load`` and ``__builtin_masked_store`` for conditional
   memory loads from vectors. Binds to the LLVM intrinsic of the same name.
 
+- The ``__builtin_popcountg``, ``__builtin_ctzg``, and ``__builtin_clzg``
+  functions now accept fixed-size boolean vectors.
+
 - Use of ``__has_feature`` to detect the ``ptrauth_qualifier`` and ``ptrauth_intrinsics``
   features has been deprecated, and is restricted to the arm64e target only. The
   correct method to check for these features is to test for the ``__PTRAUTH__``
-  macro.
 
 - Added a new builtin, ``__builtin_dedup_pack``, to remove duplicate types from a parameter pack.
   This feature is particularly useful in template metaprogramming for normalizing type lists.
diff --git a/clang/lib/AST/ByteCode/InterpBuiltin.cpp b/clang/lib/AST/ByteCode/InterpBuiltin.cpp
@@ -141,6 +141,22 @@ static void diagnoseNonConstexprBuiltin(InterpState &S, CodePtr OpPC,
     S.CCEDiag(Loc, diag::note_invalid_subexpr_in_const_expr);
 }
 
+static llvm::APSInt convertBoolVectorToInt(const Pointer &Val) {
+  assert(Val.getFieldDesc()->isPrimitiveArray() &&
+         Val.getFieldDesc()->getElemQualType()->isBooleanType() &&
+         "Not a boolean vector");
+  unsigned NumElts = Val.getNumElems();
+
+  // Each element is one bit, so create an integer with NumElts bits.
+  llvm::APSInt Result(NumElts, 0);
+  for (unsigned I = 0; I < NumElts; ++I) {
+    if (Val.elem<bool>(I))
+      Result.setBit(I);
+  }
+
+  return Result;
+}
+
 static bool interp__builtin_is_constant_evaluated(InterpState &S, CodePtr OpPC,
                                                   const InterpFrame *Frame,
                                                   const CallExpr *Call) {
@@ -638,8 +654,14 @@ static bool interp__builtin_abs(InterpState &S, CodePtr OpPC,
 static bool interp__builtin_popcount(InterpState &S, CodePtr OpPC,
                                      const InterpFrame *Frame,
                                      const CallExpr *Call) {
-  PrimType ArgT = *S.getContext().classify(Call->getArg(0)->getType());
-  APSInt Val = popToAPSInt(S.Stk, ArgT);
+  APSInt Val;
+  if (Call->getArg(0)->getType()->isExtVectorBoolType()) {
+    const Pointer &Arg = S.Stk.pop<Pointer>();
+    Val = convertBoolVectorToInt(Arg);
+  } else {
+    PrimType ArgT = *S.getContext().classify(Call->getArg(0)->getType());
+    Val = popToAPSInt(S.Stk, ArgT);
+  }
   pushInteger(S, Val.popcount(), Call->getType());
   return true;
 }
@@ -935,8 +957,14 @@ static bool interp__builtin_clz(InterpState &S, CodePtr OpPC,
     PrimType FallbackT = *S.getContext().classify(Call->getArg(1));
     Fallback = popToAPSInt(S.Stk, FallbackT);
   }
-  PrimType ValT = *S.getContext().classify(Call->getArg(0));
-  const APSInt &Val = popToAPSInt(S.Stk, ValT);
+  APSInt Val;
+  if (Call->getArg(0)->getType()->isExtVectorBoolType()) {
+    const Pointer &Arg = S.Stk.pop<Pointer>();
+    Val = convertBoolVectorToInt(Arg);
+  } else {
+    PrimType ValT = *S.getContext().classify(Call->getArg(0));
+    Val = popToAPSInt(S.Stk, ValT);
+  }
 
   // When the argument is 0, the result of GCC builtins is undefined, whereas
   // for Microsoft intrinsics, the result is the bit-width of the argument.
@@ -966,8 +994,14 @@ static bool interp__builtin_ctz(InterpState &S, CodePtr OpPC,
     PrimType FallbackT = *S.getContext().classify(Call->getArg(1));
     Fallback = popToAPSInt(S.Stk, FallbackT);
   }
-  PrimType ValT = *S.getContext().classify(Call->getArg(0));
-  const APSInt &Val = popToAPSInt(S.Stk, ValT);
+  APSInt Val;
+  if (Call->getArg(0)->getType()->isExtVectorBoolType()) {
+    const Pointer &Arg = S.Stk.pop<Pointer>();
+    Val = convertBoolVectorToInt(Arg);
+  } else {
+    PrimType ValT = *S.getContext().classify(Call->getArg(0));
+    Val = popToAPSInt(S.Stk, ValT);
+  }
 
   if (Val == 0) {
     if (Fallback) {
diff --git a/clang/lib/AST/ExprConstant.cpp b/clang/lib/AST/ExprConstant.cpp
@@ -11314,6 +11314,24 @@ static bool EvaluateVector(const Expr* E, APValue& Result, EvalInfo &Info) {
   return VectorExprEvaluator(Info, Result).Visit(E);
 }
 
+static llvm::APInt ConvertBoolVectorToInt(const APValue &Val) {
+  assert(Val.isVector() && "expected vector APValue");
+  unsigned NumElts = Val.getVectorLength();
+
+  // Each element is one bit, so create an integer with NumElts bits.
+  llvm::APInt Result(NumElts, 0);
+
+  for (unsigned I = 0; I < NumElts; ++I) {
+    const APValue &Elt = Val.getVectorElt(I);
+    assert(Elt.isInt() && "expected integer element in bool vector");
+
+    if (Elt.getInt().getBoolValue())
+      Result.setBit(I);
+  }
+
+  return Result;
+}
+
 bool VectorExprEvaluator::VisitCastExpr(const CastExpr *E) {
   const VectorType *VTy = E->getType()->castAs<VectorType>();
   unsigned NElts = VTy->getNumElements();
@@ -13456,8 +13474,14 @@ bool IntExprEvaluator::VisitBuiltinCallExpr(const CallExpr *E,
   case Builtin::BI__lzcnt:
   case Builtin::BI__lzcnt64: {
     APSInt Val;
-    if (!EvaluateInteger(E->getArg(0), Val, Info))
+    if (E->getArg(0)->getType()->isExtVectorBoolType()) {
+      APValue Vec;
+      if (!EvaluateVector(E->getArg(0), Vec, Info))
+        return false;
+      Val = ConvertBoolVectorToInt(Vec);
+    } else if (!EvaluateInteger(E->getArg(0), Val, Info)) {
       return false;
+    }
 
     std::optional<APSInt> Fallback;
     if ((BuiltinOp == Builtin::BI__builtin_clzg ||
@@ -13542,8 +13566,14 @@ bool IntExprEvaluator::VisitBuiltinCallExpr(const CallExpr *E,
   case Builtin::BI__builtin_ctzg:
   case Builtin::BI__builtin_elementwise_cttz: {
     APSInt Val;
-    if (!EvaluateInteger(E->getArg(0), Val, Info))
+    if (E->getArg(0)->getType()->isExtVectorBoolType()) {
+      APValue Vec;
+      if (!EvaluateVector(E->getArg(0), Vec, Info))
+        return false;
+      Val = ConvertBoolVectorToInt(Vec);
+    } else if (!EvaluateInteger(E->getArg(0), Val, Info)) {
       return false;
+    }
 
     std::optional<APSInt> Fallback;
     if ((BuiltinOp == Builtin::BI__builtin_ctzg ||
@@ -13758,8 +13788,14 @@ bool IntExprEvaluator::VisitBuiltinCallExpr(const CallExpr *E,
   case Builtin::BI__popcnt:
   case Builtin::BI__popcnt64: {
     APSInt Val;
-    if (!EvaluateInteger(E->getArg(0), Val, Info))
+    if (E->getArg(0)->getType()->isExtVectorBoolType()) {
+      APValue Vec;
+      if (!EvaluateVector(E->getArg(0), Vec, Info))
+        return false;
+      Val = ConvertBoolVectorToInt(Vec);
+    } else if (!EvaluateInteger(E->getArg(0), Val, Info)) {
       return false;
+    }
 
     return Success(Val.popcount(), E);
   }
diff --git a/clang/lib/CodeGen/CGBuiltin.cpp b/clang/lib/CodeGen/CGBuiltin.cpp
@@ -1693,6 +1693,26 @@ getBitTestAtomicOrdering(BitTest::InterlockingKind I) {
   llvm_unreachable("invalid interlocking");
 }
 
+static llvm::Value *EmitBitCountExpr(CodeGenFunction &CGF, const Expr *E) {
+  llvm::Value *ArgValue = CGF.EmitScalarExpr(E);
+  llvm::Type *ArgType = ArgValue->getType();
+
+  // Boolean vectors can be casted directly to its bitfield representation. We
+  // intentionally do not round up to the next power of two size and let LLVM
+  // handle the trailing bits.
+  if (auto *VT = dyn_cast<llvm::FixedVectorType>(ArgType);
+      VT && VT->getElementType()->isIntegerTy(1)) {
+    llvm::Type *StorageType =
+        llvm::Type::getIntNTy(CGF.getLLVMContext(), VT->getNumElements());
+    ArgValue = CGF.emitBoolVecConversion(
+        ArgValue, StorageType->getPrimitiveSizeInBits(), "insertvec");
+    ArgValue = CGF.Builder.CreateBitCast(ArgValue, StorageType);
+    ArgType = ArgValue->getType();
+  }
+
+  return ArgValue;
+}
+
 /// Emit a _bittest* intrinsic. These intrinsics take a pointer to an array of
 /// bits and a bit position and read and optionally modify the bit at that
 /// position. The position index can be arbitrarily large, i.e. it can be larger
@@ -2020,7 +2040,7 @@ Value *CodeGenFunction::EmitCheckedArgForBuiltin(const Expr *E,
   assert((Kind == BCK_CLZPassedZero || Kind == BCK_CTZPassedZero) &&
          "Unsupported builtin check kind");
 
-  Value *ArgValue = EmitScalarExpr(E);
+  Value *ArgValue = EmitBitCountExpr(*this, E);
   if (!SanOpts.has(SanitizerKind::Builtin))
     return ArgValue;
 
@@ -3334,7 +3354,7 @@ RValue CodeGenFunction::EmitBuiltinExpr(const GlobalDecl GD, unsigned BuiltinID,
         E->getNumArgs() > 1;
 
     Value *ArgValue =
-        HasFallback ? EmitScalarExpr(E->getArg(0))
+        HasFallback ? EmitBitCountExpr(*this, E->getArg(0))
                     : EmitCheckedArgForBuiltin(E->getArg(0), BCK_CTZPassedZero);
 
     llvm::Type *ArgType = ArgValue->getType();
@@ -3371,7 +3391,7 @@ RValue CodeGenFunction::EmitBuiltinExpr(const GlobalDecl GD, unsigned BuiltinID,
         E->getNumArgs() > 1;
 
     Value *ArgValue =
-        HasFallback ? EmitScalarExpr(E->getArg(0))
+        HasFallback ? EmitBitCountExpr(*this, E->getArg(0))
                     : EmitCheckedArgForBuiltin(E->getArg(0), BCK_CLZPassedZero);
 
     llvm::Type *ArgType = ArgValue->getType();
@@ -3456,7 +3476,7 @@ RValue CodeGenFunction::EmitBuiltinExpr(const GlobalDecl GD, unsigned BuiltinID,
   case Builtin::BI__builtin_popcountl:
   case Builtin::BI__builtin_popcountll:
   case Builtin::BI__builtin_popcountg: {
-    Value *ArgValue = EmitScalarExpr(E->getArg(0));
+    Value *ArgValue = EmitBitCountExpr(*this, E->getArg(0));
 
     llvm::Type *ArgType = ArgValue->getType();
     Function *F = CGM.getIntrinsic(Intrinsic::ctpop, ArgType);
diff --git a/clang/lib/Sema/SemaChecking.cpp b/clang/lib/Sema/SemaChecking.cpp
@@ -2214,7 +2214,7 @@ static bool BuiltinPopcountg(Sema &S, CallExpr *TheCall) {
 
   QualType ArgTy = Arg->getType();
 
-  if (!ArgTy->isUnsignedIntegerType()) {
+  if (!ArgTy->isUnsignedIntegerType() && !ArgTy->isExtVectorBoolType()) {
     S.Diag(Arg->getBeginLoc(), diag::err_builtin_invalid_arg_type)
         << 1 << /* scalar */ 1 << /* unsigned integer ty */ 3 << /* no fp */ 0
         << ArgTy;
@@ -2239,7 +2239,7 @@ static bool BuiltinCountZeroBitsGeneric(Sema &S, CallExpr *TheCall) {
 
   QualType Arg0Ty = Arg0->getType();
 
-  if (!Arg0Ty->isUnsignedIntegerType()) {
+  if (!Arg0Ty->isUnsignedIntegerType() && !Arg0Ty->isExtVectorBoolType()) {
     S.Diag(Arg0->getBeginLoc(), diag::err_builtin_invalid_arg_type)
         << 1 << /* scalar */ 1 << /* unsigned integer ty */ 3 << /* no fp */ 0
         << Arg0Ty;
diff --git a/clang/test/AST/ByteCode/builtin-functions.cpp b/clang/test/AST/ByteCode/builtin-functions.cpp
@@ -454,6 +454,7 @@ namespace SourceLocation {
 }
 
 #define BITSIZE(x) (sizeof(x) * 8)
+constexpr bool __attribute__((ext_vector_type(4))) v4b{};
 namespace popcount {
   static_assert(__builtin_popcount(~0u) == __CHAR_BIT__ * sizeof(unsigned int), "");
   static_assert(__builtin_popcount(0) == 0, "");
@@ -471,6 +472,7 @@ namespace popcount {
   static_assert(__builtin_popcountg(0ul) == 0, "");
   static_assert(__builtin_popcountg(~0ull) == __CHAR_BIT__ * sizeof(unsigned long long), "");
   static_assert(__builtin_popcountg(0ull) == 0, "");
+  static_assert(__builtin_popcountg(v4b) == 0, "");
 #ifdef __SIZEOF_INT128__
   static_assert(__builtin_popcountg(~(unsigned __int128)0) == __CHAR_BIT__ * sizeof(unsigned __int128), "");
   static_assert(__builtin_popcountg((unsigned __int128)0) == 0, "");
@@ -743,6 +745,7 @@ namespace clz {
   char clz62[__builtin_clzg((unsigned _BitInt(128))0xf) == BITSIZE(_BitInt(128)) - 4 ? 1 : -1];
   char clz63[__builtin_clzg((unsigned _BitInt(128))0xf, 42) == BITSIZE(_BitInt(128)) - 4 ? 1 : -1];
 #endif
+  char clz64[__builtin_clzg(v4b, 0) == 0 ? 1 : -1];
 }
 
 namespace ctz {
@@ -813,6 +816,7 @@ namespace ctz {
   char ctz62[__builtin_ctzg((unsigned _BitInt(128))1 << (BITSIZE(_BitInt(128)) - 1)) == BITSIZE(_BitInt(128)) - 1 ? 1 : -1];
   char ctz63[__builtin_ctzg((unsigned _BitInt(128))1 << (BITSIZE(_BitInt(128)) - 1), 42) == BITSIZE(_BitInt(128)) - 1 ? 1 : -1];
 #endif
+  char clz64[__builtin_ctzg(v4b, 0) == 0 ? 1 : -1];
 }
 
 namespace bswap {
diff --git a/clang/test/CodeGen/builtins.c b/clang/test/CodeGen/builtins.c
