Rollup merge of rust-lang#116677 - joshlf:patch-11, r=RalfJung

References refer to allocated objects

Partially addresses rust-lang/unsafe-code-guidelines#465

Author: matthiaskrgr

library/core/src/primitive_docs.rs

@@ -1384,6 +1384,30 @@ mod prim_usize {}
 /// work on references as well as they do on owned values! The implementations described here are
 /// meant for generic contexts, where the final type `T` is a type parameter or otherwise not
 /// locally known.
+///
+/// # Safety
+///
+/// For all types, `T: ?Sized`, and for all `t: &T` or `t: &mut T`, when such values cross an API
+/// boundary, the following invariants must generally be upheld:
+///
+/// * `t` is aligned to `align_of_val(t)`
+/// * `t` is dereferenceable for `size_of_val(t)` many bytes
+///
+/// If `t` points at address `a`, being "dereferenceable" for N bytes means that the memory range
+/// `[a, a + N)` is all contained within a single [allocated object].
+///
+/// For instance, this means that unsafe code in a safe function may assume these invariants are
+/// ensured of arguments passed by the caller, and it may assume that these invariants are ensured
+/// of return values from any safe functions it calls. In most cases, the inverse is also true:
+/// unsafe code must not violate these invariants when passing arguments to safe functions or
+/// returning values from safe functions; such violations may result in undefined behavior. Where
+/// exceptions to this latter requirement exist, they will be called out explicitly in documentation.
+///
+/// It is not decided yet whether unsafe code may violate these invariants temporarily on internal
+/// data. As a consequence, unsafe code which violates these invariants temporarily on internal data
+/// may become unsound in future versions of Rust depending on how this question is decided.
+///
+/// [allocated object]: ptr#allocated-object
 #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
 mod prim_ref {}