sql-statement-grant-role.md

title	summary
GRANT <role>	TiDB 数据库中 GRANT <role> 的使用概况。

GRANT <role>

GRANT <role> 语句用于将之前创建的角色授予给现有用户。用户可以通过 SET ROLE <rolename> 语句拥有角色权限，或者通过 SET ROLE ALL 语句拥有被授予的所有角色。

语法图

GrantRoleStmt ::=
    'GRANT' RolenameList 'TO' UsernameList

RolenameList ::=
    Rolename ( ',' Rolename )*

UsernameList ::=
    Username ( ',' Username )*

示例

以 root 用户连接 TiDB：

mysql -h 127.0.0.1 -P 4000 -u root

创建新角色 analyticsteam 和新用户 jennifer：

CREATE ROLE analyticsteam;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

GRANT SELECT ON test.* TO analyticsteam;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

CREATE USER jennifer;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

GRANT analyticsteam TO jennifer;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

以 jennifer 用户连接 TiDB：

mysql -h 127.0.0.1 -P 4000 -u jennifer

需要注意的是，默认情况下，用户 jennifer 需要执行 SET ROLE analyticsteam 语句才能使用与 analyticsteam 角色相关联的权限：

SHOW GRANTS;
+---------------------------------------------+
| Grants for User                             |
+---------------------------------------------+
| GRANT USAGE ON *.* TO 'jennifer'@'%'        |
| GRANT 'analyticsteam'@'%' TO 'jennifer'@'%' |
+---------------------------------------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

SHOW TABLES in test;
ERROR 1044 (42000): Access denied for user 'jennifer'@'%' to database 'test'
SET ROLE analyticsteam;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

SHOW GRANTS;
+---------------------------------------------+
| Grants for User                             |
+---------------------------------------------+
| GRANT USAGE ON *.* TO 'jennifer'@'%'        |
| GRANT SELECT ON test.* TO 'jennifer'@'%'    |
| GRANT 'analyticsteam'@'%' TO 'jennifer'@'%' |
+---------------------------------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

SHOW TABLES IN test;
+----------------+
| Tables_in_test |
+----------------+
| t1             |
+----------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

以 root 用户连接 TiDB：

mysql -h 127.0.0.1 -P 4000 -u root

执行 SET DEFAULT ROLE 语句将用户 jennifer 与 analyticsteam 角色相关联：

SET DEFAULT ROLE analyticsteam TO jennifer;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

以 jennifer 用户连接 TiDB：

mysql -h 127.0.0.1 -P 4000 -u jennifer

此时 jennifer 用户无需执行 SET ROLE 语句就能拥有 analyticsteam 角色相关联的权限：

SHOW GRANTS;
+---------------------------------------------+
| Grants for User                             |
+---------------------------------------------+
| GRANT USAGE ON *.* TO 'jennifer'@'%'        |
| GRANT SELECT ON test.* TO 'jennifer'@'%'    |
| GRANT 'analyticsteam'@'%' TO 'jennifer'@'%' |
+---------------------------------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

SHOW TABLES IN test;
+----------------+
| Tables_in_test |
+----------------+
| t1             |
+----------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

MySQL 兼容性

GRANT <role> 语句与 MySQL 8.0 的角色功能完全兼容。如发现任何兼容性差异，请尝试 TiDB 支持资源。

另请参阅

• GRANT <privileges>
• CREATE ROLE
• DROP ROLE
• REVOKE <role>
• SET ROLE
• SET DEFAULT ROLE
• 基于角色的访问控制