tools: use sparse-checkout in linter jobs

We can reduce out usage by avoiding to download files we don't need.

PR-URL: #61123
Reviewed-By: Colin Ihrig <cjihrig@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Xuguang Mei <meixuguang@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Luigi Pinca <luigipinca@gmail.com>

Author: aduh95

.github/workflows/linters.yml

@@ -145,6 +145,16 @@ jobs:
       - uses: actions/checkout@08c6903cd8c0fde910a37f88322edcfb5dd907a8  # v5.0.0
         with:
           persist-credentials: false
+          sparse-checkout: |
+            /Makefile
+            /benchmark/
+            /doc/
+            /lib/
+            /src/node_version.h
+            /tools/
+            pyproject.toml
+            *.py
+          sparse-checkout-cone-mode: false
       - name: Set up Python ${{ env.PYTHON_VERSION }}
         uses: actions/setup-python@83679a892e2d95755f2dac6acb0bfd1e9ac5d548  # v6.1.0
         with:
@@ -162,6 +172,12 @@ jobs:
       - uses: actions/checkout@08c6903cd8c0fde910a37f88322edcfb5dd907a8  # v5.0.0
         with:
           persist-credentials: false
+          sparse-checkout: |
+            /Makefile
+            /tools/pip/
+            *.yml
+            *.yaml
+          sparse-checkout-cone-mode: false
       - name: Use Python ${{ env.PYTHON_VERSION }}
         uses: actions/setup-python@83679a892e2d95755f2dac6acb0bfd1e9ac5d548  # v6.1.0
         with:
@@ -180,6 +196,10 @@ jobs:
       - uses: actions/checkout@08c6903cd8c0fde910a37f88322edcfb5dd907a8  # v5.0.0
         with:
           persist-credentials: false
+          sparse-checkout: |
+            /tools/lint-sh.mjs
+            *.sh
+          sparse-checkout-cone-mode: false
       - run: shellcheck -V
       - name: Lint Shell scripts
         run: tools/lint-sh.mjs .
@@ -201,6 +221,10 @@ jobs:
         with:
           fetch-depth: 2
           persist-credentials: false
+          sparse-checkout: |
+            /tools/lint-pr-url.mjs
+            /doc/api/
+          sparse-checkout-cone-mode: false
       # GH Actions squashes all PR commits, HEAD^ refers to the base branch.
       - run: git diff HEAD^ HEAD -G"pr-url:" -- "*.md" | ./tools/lint-pr-url.mjs ${{ github.event.pull_request.html_url }}
   lint-readme:
@@ -209,6 +233,10 @@ jobs:
       - uses: actions/checkout@08c6903cd8c0fde910a37f88322edcfb5dd907a8  # v5.0.0
         with:
           persist-credentials: false
+          sparse-checkout: |
+            README.md
+            /tools/lint-readme-lists.mjs
+          sparse-checkout-cone-mode: false
       - name: Get team members if possible
         if: ${{ (github.event.pull_request && github.event.pull_request.base.ref == github.event.pull_request.base.repo.default_branch) || github.event.ref == github.event.repository.default_branch }}
         id: team_members