src: adjust windows abort behavior

Raising SIGABRT is handled in the CRT in windows, calling _exit()
with ambiguous code "3" by default.

This adjustment to the abort behavior gives a more sane exit code
on abort, by calling _exit directly with code 134.

PR-URL: #13947
Fixes: #12271
Refs: https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/cpp/c-runtime-library/reference/abort
Reviewed-By: Refael Ackermann <refack@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Richard Lau <riclau@uk.ibm.com>
Reviewed-By: Timothy Gu <timothygu99@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Tobias Nießen <tniessen@tnie.de>
Reviewed-By: James M Snell <jasnell@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Gireesh Punathil <gpunathi@in.ibm.com>
Reviewed-By: Michael Dawson <michael_dawson@ca.ibm.com>

Author: jkantr

doc/api/process.md

@@ -1819,6 +1819,8 @@ cases:
   value of the signal code.  This is a standard Unix practice, since
   exit codes are defined to be 7-bit integers, and signal exits set
   the high-order bit, and then contain the value of the signal code.
+  For example, signal `SIGABRT` has value `6`, so the expected exit
+  code will be `128` + `6`, or `134`.
 
 
 [`'exit'`]: #process_event_exit

src/util.h

@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ template <typename T> using remove_reference = std::remove_reference<T>;
 
 // Windows 8+ does not like abort() in Release mode
 #ifdef _WIN32
-#define ABORT_NO_BACKTRACE() raise(SIGABRT)
+#define ABORT_NO_BACKTRACE() _exit(134)
 #else
 #define ABORT_NO_BACKTRACE() abort()
 #endif

test/abort/test-abort-uncaught-exception.js

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ function run(flags, signals) {
   child.on('exit', common.mustCall(function(code, sig) {
     if (common.isWindows) {
       if (signals)
-        assert.strictEqual(code, 3);
+        assert.strictEqual(code, 0xC0000005);
       else
         assert.strictEqual(code, 1);
     } else {

test/async-hooks/test-callback-error.js

@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ assert.ok(!arg);
   child.on('close', (code, signal) => {
     clearTimeout(tO);
     if (common.isWindows) {
-      assert.strictEqual(code, 3);
+      assert.strictEqual(code, 134);
       assert.strictEqual(signal, null);
     } else {
       assert.strictEqual(code, null);

test/common/index.js

@@ -605,10 +605,10 @@ exports.nodeProcessAborted = function nodeProcessAborted(exitCode, signal) {
   // On Windows, 'aborts' are of 2 types, depending on the context:
   // (i) Forced access violation, if --abort-on-uncaught-exception is on
   // which corresponds to exit code 3221225477 (0xC0000005)
-  // (ii) raise(SIGABRT) or abort(), which lands up in CRT library calls
-  // which corresponds to exit code 3.
+  // (ii) Otherwise, _exit(134) which is called in place of abort() due to
+  // raising SIGABRT exiting with ambiguous exit code '3' by default
   if (exports.isWindows)
-    expectedExitCodes = [3221225477, 3];
+    expectedExitCodes = [0xC0000005, 134];
 
   // When using --abort-on-uncaught-exception, V8 will use
   // base::OS::Abort to terminate the process.

test/parallel/test-windows-abort-exitcode.js

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ if (process.argv[2] === 'child') {
 } else {
   const child = spawn(process.execPath, [__filename, 'child']);
   child.on('exit', common.mustCall((code, signal) => {
-    assert.strictEqual(code, 3);
+    assert.strictEqual(code, 134);
     assert.strictEqual(signal, null);
   }));
 }

test/parallel/test-windows-failed-heap-allocation.js

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+'use strict';
+const common = require('../common');
+
+// This test ensures that an out of memory error exits with code 134 on Windows
+
+if (!common.isWindows) return common.skip('Windows-only');
+
+const assert = require('assert');
+const { exec } = require('child_process');
+
+if (process.argv[2] === 'heapBomb') {
+  // heap bomb, imitates a memory leak quickly
+  const fn = (nM) => [...Array(nM)].map((i) => fn(nM ** 2));
+  fn(2);
+}
+
+// --max-old-space-size=3 is the min 'old space' in V8, explodes fast
+const cmd = `"${process.execPath}" --max-old-space-size=3 "${__filename}"`;
+exec(`${cmd} heapBomb`, common.mustCall((err) => {
+  const msg = `Wrong exit code of ${err.code}! Expected 134 for abort`;
+  // Note: common.nodeProcessAborted() is not asserted here because it
+  // returns true on 134 as well as 0xC0000005 (V8's base::OS::Abort)
+  assert.strictEqual(err.code, 134, msg);
+}));