rustdoc: simplify URLs

Changes rustdoc URLs to name.namespace.html, e.g., Foo.t.html. These are easier for clients to guess since they only need to know the namespace, not the kind of item.

Old URLs are preserved as redirects to the new ones.

I also add redirects for modules, e.g.,
foo/bar/baz.t.html to foo/bar/baz/index.html, so modules are not an exception to the URL rule.

And removes the ! from macro URLs.

Closes rust-lang#34271

src/librustdoc/clean/mod.rs

@@ -2727,7 +2727,7 @@ pub struct Macro {
 
 impl Clean<Item> for doctree::Macro {
     fn clean(&self, cx: &DocContext) -> Item {
-        let name = format!("{}!", self.name.clean(cx));
+        let name = self.name.clean(cx);
         Item {
             name: Some(name.clone()),
             attrs: self.attrs.clean(cx),
@@ -2738,8 +2738,10 @@ impl Clean<Item> for doctree::Macro {
             def_id: cx.map.local_def_id(self.id),
             inner: MacroItem(Macro {
                 source: format!("macro_rules! {} {{\n{}}}",
-                    name.trim_right_matches('!'), self.matchers.iter().map(|span|
-                        format!("    {} => {{ ... }};\n", span.to_src(cx))).collect::<String>()),
+                                name,
+                                self.matchers.iter().map(|span| {
+                                    format!("    {} => {{ ... }};\n", span.to_src(cx))
+                                }).collect::<String>()),
                 imported_from: self.imported_from.clean(cx),
             }),
         }

src/librustdoc/html/format.rs

@@ -326,9 +326,9 @@ pub fn href(did: DefId) -> Option<(String, ItemType, Vec<String>)> {
             url.push_str("/index.html");
         }
         _ => {
-            url.push_str(shortty.to_static_str());
-            url.push_str(".");
             url.push_str(fqp.last().unwrap());
+            url.push_str(".");
+            url.push_str(shortty.name_space().to_static_str());
             url.push_str(".html");
         }
     }
@@ -382,7 +382,7 @@ fn primitive_link(f: &mut fmt::Formatter,
         Some(&LOCAL_CRATE) => {
             let len = CURRENT_LOCATION_KEY.with(|s| s.borrow().len());
             let len = if len == 0 {0} else {len - 1};
-            write!(f, "<a class='primitive' href='{}primitive.{}.html'>",
+            write!(f, "<a class='primitive' href='{}{}.t.html'>",
                    repeat("../").take(len).collect::<String>(),
                    prim.to_url_str())?;
             needs_termination = true;
@@ -397,7 +397,7 @@ fn primitive_link(f: &mut fmt::Formatter,
                 (_, render::Unknown) => None,
             };
             if let Some((cname, root)) = loc {
-                write!(f, "<a class='primitive' href='{}{}/primitive.{}.html'>",
+                write!(f, "<a class='primitive' href='{}{}/{}.t.html'>",
                        root,
                        cname,
                        prim.to_url_str())?;
@@ -439,7 +439,7 @@ impl<'a> fmt::Display for HRef<'a> {
         match href(self.did) {
             Some((url, shortty, fqp)) => {
                 write!(f, "<a class='{}' href='{}' title='{}'>{}</a>",
-                       shortty, url, fqp.join("::"), self.text)
+                       shortty.css_class(), url, fqp.join("::"), self.text)
             }
             _ => write!(f, "{}", self.text),
         }

src/librustdoc/html/item_type.rs

@@ -42,6 +42,13 @@ pub enum ItemType {
     AssociatedConst = 18,
 }
 
+#[derive(Copy, Eq, PartialEq, Clone)]
+pub enum NameSpace {
+    Type,
+    Value,
+    Macro,
+}
+
 impl ItemType {
     pub fn from_item(item: &clean::Item) -> ItemType {
         let inner = match item.inner {
@@ -90,7 +97,7 @@ impl ItemType {
         }
     }
 
-    pub fn to_static_str(&self) -> &'static str {
+    pub fn css_class(&self) -> &'static str {
         match *self {
             ItemType::Module          => "mod",
             ItemType::ExternCrate     => "externcrate",
@@ -113,9 +120,49 @@ impl ItemType {
             ItemType::AssociatedConst => "associatedconstant",
         }
     }
+
+    pub fn name_space(&self) -> NameSpace {
+        match *self {
+            ItemType::Struct |
+            ItemType::Enum |
+            ItemType::Module |
+            ItemType::Typedef |
+            ItemType::Trait |
+            ItemType::Primitive |
+            ItemType::AssociatedType => NameSpace::Type,
+
+            ItemType::ExternCrate |
+            ItemType::Import |
+            ItemType::Function |
+            ItemType::Static |
+            ItemType::Impl |
+            ItemType::TyMethod |
+            ItemType::Method |
+            ItemType::StructField |
+            ItemType::Variant |
+            ItemType::Constant |
+            ItemType::AssociatedConst => NameSpace::Value,
+
+            ItemType::Macro => NameSpace::Macro,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+pub const NAMESPACE_TYPE: &'static str = "t";
+pub const NAMESPACE_VALUE: &'static str = "v";
+pub const NAMESPACE_MACRO: &'static str = "m";
+
+impl NameSpace {
+    pub fn to_static_str(&self) -> &'static str {
+        match *self {
+            NameSpace::Type => NAMESPACE_TYPE,
+            NameSpace::Value => NAMESPACE_VALUE,
+            NameSpace::Macro => NAMESPACE_MACRO,
+        }
+    }
 }
 
-impl fmt::Display for ItemType {
+impl fmt::Display for NameSpace {
     fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
         self.to_static_str().fmt(f)
     }

src/librustdoc/html/layout.rs

@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ pub struct Layout {
 
 pub struct Page<'a> {
     pub title: &'a str,
-    pub ty: &'a str,
+    pub css_class: &'a str,
     pub root_path: &'a str,
     pub description: &'a str,
     pub keywords: &'a str,
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ r##"<!DOCTYPE html>
         </form>
     </nav>
 
-    <section id='main' class="content {ty}">{content}</section>
+    <section id='main' class="content {css_class}">{content}</section>
     <section id='search' class="content hidden"></section>
 
     <section class="footer"></section>
@@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ r##"<!DOCTYPE html>
     },
     content   = *t,
     root_path = page.root_path,
-    ty        = page.ty,
+    css_class = page.css_class,
     logo      = if layout.logo.is_empty() {
         "".to_string()
     } else {