Add ruleset feature: program patterns

[deemp]

Related to #51

• Support patterns
• Support pattern imports so that patterns can be reused across rule sets

[deemp]

Example

pattern.yaml

• => means arbitrarily deep nesting without formations

# \?B1 ?x.?y... -> ?a.b ===> Binding B1 that matches with ?x.?y... -> ?a.b, can be used futher as ?B1
#
# ?bar => \?b_bar ξ.ρ.?b_a.?foo ===> find binding with name ?bar, save its whole body to variable.
# ?b_bar, where body contains ξ.ρ.?b_a.?foo
#
# ?p1..?main -> ...     ===> some path to ?main
# - if used in formation - means enclosure, for ex: [ org -> [ eolang -> [ main -> ...] ] ]
# - if used in application - means dot notation, for ex (x -> org.eolang.main)
#
# $mt(a, b) ===> returns string where "a" and "b" joined with "." (dot)
# $name(?a)  ===> returns name of ?a
# $for-all(?B, method) ===> checks that for all bindings ?B predicate "method" is TRUE
# $bound-to(x) ===> checks that binding is bound to "x"
# $unique(?B) ===> resolve unique names for all bindings ?B
# $replace(?B1, ?B2, ?B3) ===> replace all occurencies of B2 to B3 in B1
# $combine(?B1, ?B2) ===> create new bindings combined B1 names and B2 names
pattern: |
  {
    ?p1..?main -> [
      ?x1 -> ?p2..?b().?b_init(
        ?B1,
        ?t -> ?p3..?a().?a_init(?B2),
      ).?bar
    ],
    \?B97 ?p2..?a -> [
      ?B3,
      ?a_init -> [
        ?B4,
        φ -> [ ?B5 ]
        ?B6,
      ],
      ?foo -> [ ?B7 ]
    ],
    \?B98 ?p3..?b -> [
      ?B8,
      ?b_a -> Φ.org.eolang.cage(),
      ?b_init -> [
        ?B9,
        ?t -> ∅
        φ => \?b_init_phi ξ.ρ.?b_a.write(α0 -> ?t),
        ?B10,
      ],
      ?bar => \?b_bar ξ.ρ.?b_a.?foo,
    ],
    ?B99
  }
where: |
  $for-all(?B4, $bound-to(∅)),
  $for-all(?B9, $bound-to(∅)),
  $starts-with($name(?a_init), "init"),
  $starts-with($name(?b_init), "init"),
  $not($starts-with($name(?bar), "init")),
  $not($starts-with($name(?foo), "init"))
result: |
  # How to resolve right order?
  ?p1..?main -> [
    ?x1 -> $concat($name(?b), $name(?a))().init(
      ?B1,
      ?B2,
    )?.bar
  ],

  # BA object
  $concat($name(?b), $name(?a)) -> [
    $unique(?B3),
    $unique(?B8),

    # A CTOR
    # Need to replace all usages of objects in ?B3 (copied from "a")
    $prefixed($name(?a_init), $name(?a)) -> [
      ?B4,
      φ -> [ $replace(?B5, $names(?B3), $names($unique(?B3)) ]
      ?B6,
    ],

    # JOINED CTOR
    # Need to replace:
    # - "ξ.ρ.?b_a.write(α0 -> ?t)" with usage of "a_init" ctor (copied from "a")
    # - all usages of free attributes copied from "a"
    # - all usages of free attributes copied from "b"
    # - all usages of objects in ?B8 (copied from "b")
    init -> [
      \?B12 $unique(?B9),
      \?B11 $unique(?B4),
      φ -> $relace(
        $replace(
          ?b_init_phi, 
          $mt(ξ, $mt(ρ, $mt($name(?b_a), write(α0 -> ?t)))),    # ξ.ρ.?b_a.write(α0 -> ?t)
          $mt(ξ, $mt(ρ, $prefixed($name(?a_init), $name(?a))))  # ξ.ρ.$prefixed($name(?a_init), $name(?a)) => ξ.ρ.a_init(...)
        ),
        $names(?B9), 
        $names(?B12)
      )($combine(?B4, ?B11))                    # ( ?B4[0]/name -> ?B11[0]/name, ?B4[1]/name -> ?B11[1]/name, ... )
      ?B10,
    ],

    # foo() METHOD
    # Replace in ?B7 all names of ?B3 with unique names of ?B3
    $concat($name(?a), $name(?foo)) -> $replace(
      ?B7, $names(?B3), $names($unque(?B3))
    ),

    # bar() METHOD
    # Replace ^.a.foo with ^.a_foo
    # Also need to replace all usages of objects in ?B8
    ?bar -> $replace(
      ?b_a_foo,
      $mt(ξ, $mt(ρ, $mt($name(?b_a), $name(?foo)))),
      $mt(ξ, $mt(ρ, $concat($name(?a), $name(?foo))))
    ),
    ?B97,
    ?B98,
    ?B99
  ]

after.eo

+package com.example

[] > application
  [] > main
    bar. > @
      Q.com.example.second.ba'.init
        "Hello"
        42
        21
        11
[] > first
  [] > a
    cage' > d1
    cage' > d2
    [d1 d2] > init
      seq > @
        *
          ^.d1.write d1
          ^.d2.write d2
    [] > foo
      seq > @
        *
          ^.d1.plus ^.d2
[] > second
  [] > b
    cage' > str
    cage' > a
    cage' > num
    [str a num] > init
      seq > @
        *
          ^.str.write str
          ^.a.write a
          ^.num.write num
    [] > bar
      seq > @
        *
          QQ.io.stdout ^.str
          ^.a.foo.plus ^.num
  [] > ba
    cage' > b_str
    cage' > a_d1
    cage' > a_d2
    cage' > b_num
    [a_d1 a_d2] > a_init
      seq > @
        *
          ^.a_d1.write a_d1
          ^.a_d2.write a_d2
    [b_str a_d1 a_d2 b_num] > init
      seq > @
        *
          ^.b_str.write b_str
          ^.a_init a_d1 a_d2
          ^.b_num.write b_num
    [] > a_foo
      seq > @
        *
          ^.a_d1.plus ^.a_d2
    [] > bar
      seq > @
        *
          QQ.io.stdout ^.b_str
          ^.a_foo.plus ^.b_num

after.phi

{
  com ↦ ⟦
    example ↦ ⟦
      application ↦ ⟦
        main ↦ ⟦
          φ ↦ Φ.com.example.second.ba().init(
            α0 ↦ Φ.org.eolang.string(
              α0 ↦ Φ.org.eolang.bytes(
                Δ ⤍ 48-65-6C-6C-6F
              )
            ),
            α1 ↦ Φ.org.eolang.int(
              α0 ↦ Φ.org.eolang.bytes(
                Δ ⤍ 00-00-00-00-00-00-00-2A
              )
            ),
            α2 ↦ Φ.org.eolang.int(
              α0 ↦ Φ.org.eolang.bytes(
                Δ ⤍ 00-00-00-00-00-00-00-15
              )
            ),
            α3 ↦ Φ.org.eolang.int(
              α0 ↦ Φ.org.eolang.bytes(
                Δ ⤍ 00-00-00-00-00-00-00-0B
              )
            )
          ).bar
        ⟧
      ⟧,
      first ↦ ⟦
        a ↦ ⟦
          d1 ↦ Φ.org.eolang.cage,
          d2 ↦ Φ.org.eolang.cage,
          init ↦ ⟦
            d1 ↦ ∅,
            d2 ↦ ∅,
            φ ↦ Φ.org.eolang.seq(
              α0 ↦ Φ.org.eolang.tuple(
                α0 ↦ Φ.org.eolang.tuple(
                  α0 ↦ Φ.org.eolang.tuple.empty,
                  α1 ↦ ξ.ρ.d1.write(
                    α0 ↦ ξ.d1
                  )
                ),
                α1 ↦ ξ.ρ.d2.write(
                  α0 ↦ ξ.d2
                )
              )
            )
          ⟧,
          foo ↦ ⟦
            φ ↦ Φ.org.eolang.seq(
              α0 ↦ Φ.org.eolang.tuple(
                α0 ↦ Φ.org.eolang.tuple.empty,
                α1 ↦ ξ.ρ.d1.plus(
                  α0 ↦ ξ.ρ.d2
                )
              )
            )
          ⟧
        ⟧
      ⟧,
      second ↦ ⟦
        b ↦ ⟦
          str ↦ Φ.org.eolang.cage,
          a ↦ Φ.org.eolang.cage,
          num ↦ Φ.org.eolang.cage,
          init ↦ ⟦
            str ↦ ∅,
            a ↦ ∅,
            num ↦ ∅,
            φ ↦ Φ.org.eolang.seq(
              α0 ↦ Φ.org.eolang.tuple(
                α0 ↦ Φ.org.eolang.tuple(
                  α0 ↦ Φ.org.eolang.tuple(
                    α0 ↦ Φ.org.eolang.tuple.empty,
                    α1 ↦ ξ.ρ.str.write(
                      α0 ↦ ξ.str
                    )
                  ),
                  α1 ↦ ξ.ρ.a.write(
                    α0 ↦ ξ.a
                  )
                ),
                α1 ↦ ξ.ρ.num.write(
                  α0 ↦ ξ.num
                )
              )
            )
          ⟧,
          bar ↦ ⟦
            φ ↦ Φ.org.eolang.seq(
              α0 ↦ Φ.org.eolang.tuple(
                α0 ↦ Φ.org.eolang.tuple(
                  α0 ↦ Φ.org.eolang.tuple.empty,
                  α1 ↦ Φ.org.eolang.io.stdout(
                    α0 ↦ ξ.ρ.str
                  )
                ),
                α1 ↦ ξ.ρ.a.foo.plus(
                  α0 ↦ ξ.ρ.num
                )
              )
            )
          ⟧
        ⟧,
        ba ↦ ⟦
          b_str ↦ Φ.org.eolang.cage,
          a_d1 ↦ Φ.org.eolang.cage,
          a_d2 ↦ Φ.org.eolang.cage,
          b_num ↦ Φ.org.eolang.cage,
          a_init ↦ ⟦
            a_d1 ↦ ∅,
            a_d2 ↦ ∅,
            φ ↦ Φ.org.eolang.seq(
              α0 ↦ Φ.org.eolang.tuple(
                α0 ↦ Φ.org.eolang.tuple(
                  α0 ↦ Φ.org.eolang.tuple.empty,
                  α1 ↦ ξ.ρ.a_d1.write(
                    α0 ↦ ξ.a_d1
                  )
                ),
                α1 ↦ ξ.ρ.a_d2.write(
                  α0 ↦ ξ.a_d2
                )
              )
            )
          ⟧,
          init ↦ ⟦
            b_str ↦ ∅,
            a_d1 ↦ ∅,
            a_d2 ↦ ∅,
            b_num ↦ ∅,
            φ ↦ Φ.org.eolang.seq(
              α0 ↦ Φ.org.eolang.tuple(
                α0 ↦ Φ.org.eolang.tuple(
                  α0 ↦ Φ.org.eolang.tuple(
                    α0 ↦ Φ.org.eolang.tuple.empty,
                    α1 ↦ ξ.ρ.b_str.write(
                      α0 ↦ ξ.b_str
                    )
                  ),
                  α1 ↦ ξ.ρ.a_init(
                    α0 ↦ ξ.a_d1,
                    α1 ↦ ξ.a_d2
                  )
                ),
                α1 ↦ ξ.ρ.b_num.write(
                  α0 ↦ ξ.b_num
                )
              )
            )
          ⟧,
          a_foo ↦ ⟦
            φ ↦ Φ.org.eolang.seq(
              α0 ↦ Φ.org.eolang.tuple(
                α0 ↦ Φ.org.eolang.tuple.empty,
                α1 ↦ ξ.ρ.a_d1.plus(
                  α0 ↦ ξ.ρ.a_d2
                )
              )
            )
          ⟧,
          bar ↦ ⟦
            φ ↦ Φ.org.eolang.seq(
              α0 ↦ Φ.org.eolang.tuple(
                α0 ↦ Φ.org.eolang.tuple(
                  α0 ↦ Φ.org.eolang.tuple.empty,
                  α1 ↦ Φ.org.eolang.io.stdout(
                    α0 ↦ ξ.ρ.b_str
                  )
                ),
                α1 ↦ ξ.ρ.a_foo.plus(
                  α0 ↦ ξ.ρ.b_num
                )
              )
            )
          ⟧
        ⟧
      ⟧,
      λ ⤍ Package
    ⟧,
    λ ⤍ Package
  ⟧
}

before.eo

+package com.example

[] > application
  [] > main
    bar. > @
      Q.com.example.second.b'.init
        "Hello"
        Q.com.example.first.a'.init 42 21
        11
[] > first
  [] > a
    cage' > d1
    cage' > d2
    [d1 d2] > init
      seq > @
        *
          ^.d1.write d1
          ^.d2.write d2
    [] > foo
      seq > @
        *
          ^.d1.plus ^.d_2
[] > second
  [] > b
    cage' > str
    cage' > a
    cage' > num
    [str a num] > init
      seq > @
        *
          ^.str.write str
          ^.a.write a
          ^.num.write num
    [] > bar
      seq > @
        *
          QQ.io.stdout ^.str
          ^.a.foo.plus num

before.phi

{
  com ↦ ⟦
    example ↦ ⟦
      application ↦ ⟦
        main ↦ ⟦
          φ ↦ Φ.com.example.second.b().init(
            α0 ↦ Φ.org.eolang.string(
              α0 ↦ Φ.org.eolang.bytes(
                Δ ⤍ 48-65-6C-6C-6F
              )
            ),
            α1 ↦ Φ.com.example.first.a().init(
              α0 ↦ Φ.org.eolang.int(
                α0 ↦ Φ.org.eolang.bytes(
                  Δ ⤍ 00-00-00-00-00-00-00-2A
                )
              ),
              α1 ↦ Φ.org.eolang.int(
                α0 ↦ Φ.org.eolang.bytes(
                  Δ ⤍ 00-00-00-00-00-00-00-15
                )
              )
            ),
            α2 ↦ Φ.org.eolang.int(
              α0 ↦ Φ.org.eolang.bytes(
                Δ ⤍ 00-00-00-00-00-00-00-0B
              )
            )
          ).bar
        ⟧
      ⟧,
      first ↦ ⟦
        a ↦ ⟦
          d1 ↦ Φ.org.eolang.cage,
          d2 ↦ Φ.org.eolang.cage,
          init ↦ ⟦
            d1 ↦ ∅,
            d2 ↦ ∅,
            φ ↦ Φ.org.eolang.seq(
              α0 ↦ Φ.org.eolang.tuple(
                α0 ↦ Φ.org.eolang.tuple(
                  α0 ↦ Φ.org.eolang.tuple.empty,
                  α1 ↦ ξ.ρ.d1.write(
                    α0 ↦ ξ.d1
                  )
                ),
                α1 ↦ ξ.ρ.d2.write(
                  α0 ↦ ξ.d2
                )
              )
            )
          ⟧,
          foo ↦ ⟦
            φ ↦ Φ.org.eolang.seq(
              α0 ↦ Φ.org.eolang.tuple(
                α0 ↦ Φ.org.eolang.tuple.empty,
                α1 ↦ ξ.ρ.d1.plus(
                  α0 ↦ ξ.ρ.d_2
                )
              )
            )
          ⟧
        ⟧
      ⟧,
      second ↦ ⟦
        b ↦ ⟦
          str ↦ Φ.org.eolang.cage,
          a ↦ Φ.org.eolang.cage,
          num ↦ Φ.org.eolang.cage,
          init ↦ ⟦
            str ↦ ∅,
            a ↦ ∅,
            num ↦ ∅,
            φ ↦ Φ.org.eolang.seq(
              α0 ↦ Φ.org.eolang.tuple(
                α0 ↦ Φ.org.eolang.tuple(
                  α0 ↦ Φ.org.eolang.tuple(
                    α0 ↦ Φ.org.eolang.tuple.empty,
                    α1 ↦ ξ.ρ.str.write(
                      α0 ↦ ξ.str
                    )
                  ),
                  α1 ↦ ξ.ρ.a.write(
                    α0 ↦ ξ.a
                  )
                ),
                α1 ↦ ξ.ρ.num.write(
                  α0 ↦ ξ.num
                )
              )
            )
          ⟧,
          bar ↦ ⟦
            φ ↦ Φ.org.eolang.seq(
              α0 ↦ Φ.org.eolang.tuple(
                α0 ↦ Φ.org.eolang.tuple(
                  α0 ↦ Φ.org.eolang.tuple.empty,
                  α1 ↦ Φ.org.eolang.io.stdout(
                    α0 ↦ ξ.ρ.str
                  )
                ),
                α1 ↦ ξ.ρ.a.foo.plus(
                  α0 ↦ ξ.ρ.num
                )
              )
            )
          ⟧
        ⟧
      ⟧,
      λ ⤍ Package
    ⟧,
    λ ⤍ Package
  ⟧
}

opt.eo

[] > main
  (b.init 1 (a.init 42) 2).bar > @

[] > a
  cage' > d
  [a] > init
    seq > @
      *
        ^.x.write a
  [a b] > init
    seq > @
      *
        ^.a.write a.plus b
  [] > foo
    seq > @
      *
        ^.d.plus 1

[] > b
  cage' > f
  cage' > a
  cage' > t
  [f a t] > init
    seq > @
      *
        ^.f.write f
        ^.a.write a
        ^.t.write t
  [] > bar
    seq > @
      *
        ^.a.foo.plus 2

[] > ba
  cage' > b_f
  cage' > a_d
  cage' > b_t
  [] > init
    seq > @
      *
        ^.f.write f
        ^.b_a.write b_a
        ^.t.write t
  [] > a_foo
    seq > @
      *
        ^.b_a.plus 1
  [] > bar
    seq > @
      *
        ^.a_foo.plus 2

[deemp]

Moved to #258 and #259