refactor(curly): enhance curly brace rule configuration and handling (#13498)

## Refactor and Standardize: `eslint/curly`

This PR refactors the implementation of the `curly` rule to make the
codebase more **idiomatic Rust**, improving readability,
maintainability, and alignment with Rust best practices.

In addition, the rule documentation has been **standardized and
enhanced** following the documentation skeleton described in #13389.

### Changes included

* Refactored rule logic with clearer naming, early returns, and
idiomatic Rust patterns (`if let`, `Option`, `Iterator`, etc.).
* Improved structure for better readability and maintainability.
* Focused on optimization and performances.
* Standardized rule documentation for consistency across the linter
rules.

---

> [!NOTE]
> This PR is focused solely on refactoring and documentation; no test
behavior is modified.

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Co-authored-by: Cameron Clark <cameron.clark@hey.com>

Author: antoinezanardi