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<h1>Python 說明文件內容<a class="headerlink" href="#python-documentation-contents" title="本標題的永久連結">¶</a></h1>
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<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.7.html#zipapp">zipapp</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.7.html#zipfile">zipfile</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.7.html#c-api-changes">C API Changes</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.7.html#build-changes">Build Changes</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.7.html#optimizations">Optimizations</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.7.html#other-cpython-implementation-changes">Other CPython Implementation Changes</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.7.html#deprecated-python-behavior">Deprecated Python Behavior</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.7.html#deprecated-python-modules-functions-and-methods">Deprecated Python modules, functions and methods</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.7.html#aifc">aifc</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.7.html#whatsnew37-asyncio-deprecated">asyncio</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.7.html#id3">collections</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.7.html#id4">dbm</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.7.html#id5">enum</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.7.html#gettext">gettext</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.7.html#id6">importlib</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.7.html#id7">locale</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.7.html#macpath">macpath</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.7.html#threading">threading</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.7.html#id8">socket</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.7.html#id9">ssl</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.7.html#sunau">sunau</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.7.html#id10">sys</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.7.html#wave">wave</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.7.html#deprecated-functions-and-types-of-the-c-api">Deprecated functions and types of the C API</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.7.html#platform-support-removals">Platform Support Removals</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.7.html#api-and-feature-removals">API and Feature Removals</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.7.html#module-removals">Module Removals</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.7.html#windows-only-changes">Windows-only Changes</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.7.html#porting-to-python-3-7">Porting to Python 3.7</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.7.html#changes-in-python-behavior">Changes in Python Behavior</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.7.html#changes-in-the-python-api">Changes in the Python API</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.7.html#changes-in-the-c-api">Changes in the C API</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.7.html#cpython-bytecode-changes">CPython bytecode changes</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.7.html#id12">Windows-only Changes</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.7.html#id13">Other CPython implementation changes</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html">What’s New In Python 3.6</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#summary-release-highlights">Summary – Release highlights</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#new-features">New Features</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#pep-498-formatted-string-literals">PEP 498: Formatted string literals</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#pep-526-syntax-for-variable-annotations">PEP 526: Syntax for variable annotations</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#pep-515-underscores-in-numeric-literals">PEP 515: Underscores in Numeric Literals</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#pep-525-asynchronous-generators">PEP 525: Asynchronous Generators</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#pep-530-asynchronous-comprehensions">PEP 530: Asynchronous Comprehensions</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#pep-487-simpler-customization-of-class-creation">PEP 487: Simpler customization of class creation</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#pep-487-descriptor-protocol-enhancements">PEP 487: Descriptor Protocol Enhancements</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#pep-519-adding-a-file-system-path-protocol">PEP 519: Adding a file system path protocol</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#pep-495-local-time-disambiguation">PEP 495: Local Time Disambiguation</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#pep-529-change-windows-filesystem-encoding-to-utf-8">PEP 529: Change Windows filesystem encoding to UTF-8</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#pep-528-change-windows-console-encoding-to-utf-8">PEP 528: Change Windows console encoding to UTF-8</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#pep-520-preserving-class-attribute-definition-order">PEP 520: Preserving Class Attribute Definition Order</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#pep-468-preserving-keyword-argument-order">PEP 468: Preserving Keyword Argument Order</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#new-dict-implementation">New <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">dict</span></code> implementation</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#pep-523-adding-a-frame-evaluation-api-to-cpython">PEP 523: Adding a frame evaluation API to CPython</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#pythonmalloc-environment-variable">PYTHONMALLOC environment variable</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#dtrace-and-systemtap-probing-support">DTrace and SystemTap probing support</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#other-language-changes">Other Language Changes</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#new-modules">New Modules</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#secrets">secrets</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#improved-modules">Improved Modules</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#array">array</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#ast">ast</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#asyncio">asyncio</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#binascii">binascii</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#cmath">cmath</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#collections">collections</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#concurrent-futures">concurrent.futures</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#contextlib">contextlib</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#datetime">datetime</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#decimal">decimal</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#distutils">distutils</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#email">email</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#encodings">encodings</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#enum">enum</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#faulthandler">faulthandler</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#fileinput">fileinput</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#hashlib">hashlib</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#http-client">http.client</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#idlelib-and-idle">idlelib and IDLE</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#importlib">importlib</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#inspect">inspect</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#json">json</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#logging">logging</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#math">math</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#multiprocessing">multiprocessing</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#os">os</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#pathlib">pathlib</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#pdb">pdb</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#pickle">pickle</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#pickletools">pickletools</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#pydoc">pydoc</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#random">random</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#re">re</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#readline">readline</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#rlcompleter">rlcompleter</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#shlex">shlex</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#site">site</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#sqlite3">sqlite3</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#socket">socket</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#socketserver">socketserver</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#ssl">ssl</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#statistics">statistics</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#struct">struct</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#subprocess">subprocess</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#sys">sys</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#telnetlib">telnetlib</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#time">time</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#timeit">timeit</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#tkinter">tkinter</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#traceback">traceback</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#tracemalloc">tracemalloc</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#typing">typing</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#unicodedata">unicodedata</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#unittest-mock">unittest.mock</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#urllib-request">urllib.request</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#urllib-robotparser">urllib.robotparser</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#venv">venv</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#warnings">warnings</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#winreg">winreg</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#winsound">winsound</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#xmlrpc-client">xmlrpc.client</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#zipfile">zipfile</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#zlib">zlib</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#optimizations">Optimizations</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#build-and-c-api-changes">Build and C API Changes</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#other-improvements">Other Improvements</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#deprecated">Deprecated</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#new-keywords">New Keywords</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#deprecated-python-behavior">Deprecated Python behavior</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#deprecated-python-modules-functions-and-methods">Deprecated Python modules, functions and methods</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#asynchat">asynchat</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#asyncore">asyncore</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#dbm">dbm</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#id2">distutils</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#grp">grp</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#id3">importlib</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#id4">os</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#id5">re</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#id6">ssl</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#id7">tkinter</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#id8">venv</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#deprecated-functions-and-types-of-the-c-api">Deprecated functions and types of the C API</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#deprecated-build-options">Deprecated Build Options</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#removed">Removed</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#api-and-feature-removals">API and Feature Removals</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#porting-to-python-3-6">Porting to Python 3.6</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#changes-in-python-command-behavior">Changes in 『python』 Command Behavior</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#changes-in-the-python-api">Changes in the Python API</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#changes-in-the-c-api">Changes in the C API</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#cpython-bytecode-changes">CPython bytecode changes</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#notable-changes-in-python-3-6-2">Notable changes in Python 3.6.2</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#new-make-regen-all-build-target">New <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">make</span> <span class="pre">regen-all</span></code> build target</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#removal-of-make-touch-build-target">Removal of <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">make</span> <span class="pre">touch</span></code> build target</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#notable-changes-in-python-3-6-4">Notable changes in Python 3.6.4</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.6.html#notable-changes-in-python-3-6-5">Notable changes in Python 3.6.5</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html">Python 3.5 有什麼新功能</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#summary-release-highlights">Summary – Release highlights</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#new-features">New Features</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#pep-492-coroutines-with-async-and-await-syntax">PEP 492 - Coroutines with async and await syntax</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#pep-465-a-dedicated-infix-operator-for-matrix-multiplication">PEP 465 - A dedicated infix operator for matrix multiplication</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#pep-448-additional-unpacking-generalizations">PEP 448 - Additional Unpacking Generalizations</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#pep-461-percent-formatting-support-for-bytes-and-bytearray">PEP 461 - percent formatting support for bytes and bytearray</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#pep-484-type-hints">PEP 484 - Type Hints</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#pep-471-os-scandir-function-a-better-and-faster-directory-iterator">PEP 471 - os.scandir() function – a better and faster directory iterator</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#pep-475-retry-system-calls-failing-with-eintr">PEP 475: Retry system calls failing with EINTR</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#pep-479-change-stopiteration-handling-inside-generators">PEP 479: Change StopIteration handling inside generators</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#pep-485-a-function-for-testing-approximate-equality">PEP 485: A function for testing approximate equality</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#pep-486-make-the-python-launcher-aware-of-virtual-environments">PEP 486: Make the Python Launcher aware of virtual environments</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#pep-488-elimination-of-pyo-files">PEP 488: Elimination of PYO files</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#pep-489-multi-phase-extension-module-initialization">PEP 489: Multi-phase extension module initialization</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#other-language-changes">Other Language Changes</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#new-modules">New Modules</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#typing">typing</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#zipapp">zipapp</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#improved-modules">Improved Modules</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#argparse">argparse</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#asyncio">asyncio</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#bz2">bz2</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#cgi">cgi</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#cmath">cmath</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#code">code</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#collections">collections</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#collections-abc">collections.abc</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#compileall">compileall</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#concurrent-futures">concurrent.futures</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#configparser">configparser</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#contextlib">contextlib</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#csv">csv</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#curses">curses</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#dbm">dbm</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#difflib">difflib</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#distutils">distutils</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#doctest">doctest</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#email">email</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#enum">enum</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#faulthandler">faulthandler</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#functools">functools</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#glob">glob</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#gzip">gzip</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#heapq">heapq</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#http">http</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#http-client">http.client</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#idlelib-and-idle">idlelib and IDLE</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#imaplib">imaplib</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#imghdr">imghdr</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#importlib">importlib</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#inspect">inspect</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#io">io</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#ipaddress">ipaddress</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#json">json</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#linecache">linecache</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#locale">locale</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#logging">logging</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#lzma">lzma</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#math">math</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#multiprocessing">multiprocessing</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#operator">operator</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#os">os</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#pathlib">pathlib</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#pickle">pickle</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#poplib">poplib</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#re">re</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#readline">readline</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#selectors">selectors</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#shutil">shutil</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#signal">signal</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#smtpd">smtpd</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#smtplib">smtplib</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#sndhdr">sndhdr</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#socket">socket</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#ssl">ssl</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#memory-bio-support">Memory BIO Support</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#application-layer-protocol-negotiation-support">Application-Layer Protocol Negotiation Support</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#other-changes">Other Changes</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#sqlite3">sqlite3</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#subprocess">subprocess</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#sys">sys</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#sysconfig">sysconfig</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#tarfile">tarfile</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#threading">threading</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#time">time</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#timeit">timeit</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#tkinter">tkinter</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#traceback">traceback</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#types">types</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#unicodedata">unicodedata</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#unittest">unittest</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#unittest-mock">unittest.mock</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#urllib">urllib</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#wsgiref">wsgiref</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#xmlrpc">xmlrpc</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#xml-sax">xml.sax</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#zipfile">zipfile</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#other-module-level-changes">Other module-level changes</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#optimizations">Optimizations</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#build-and-c-api-changes">Build and C API Changes</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#deprecated">Deprecated</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#new-keywords">New Keywords</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#deprecated-python-behavior">Deprecated Python Behavior</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#unsupported-operating-systems">Unsupported Operating Systems</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#deprecated-python-modules-functions-and-methods">Deprecated Python modules, functions and methods</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#removed">Removed</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#api-and-feature-removals">API and Feature Removals</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#porting-to-python-3-5">Porting to Python 3.5</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#changes-in-python-behavior">Changes in Python behavior</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#changes-in-the-python-api">Changes in the Python API</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#changes-in-the-c-api">Changes in the C API</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#notable-changes-in-python-3-5-4">Notable changes in Python 3.5.4</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#new-make-regen-all-build-target">New <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">make</span> <span class="pre">regen-all</span></code> build target</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.5.html#removal-of-make-touch-build-target">Removal of <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">make</span> <span class="pre">touch</span></code> build target</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.4.html">What’s New In Python 3.4</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.4.html#summary-release-highlights">Summary – Release Highlights</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.4.html#new-features">New Features</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.4.html#pep-453-explicit-bootstrapping-of-pip-in-python-installations">PEP 453: Explicit Bootstrapping of PIP in Python Installations</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.4.html#bootstrapping-pip-by-default">Bootstrapping pip By Default</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.4.html#documentation-changes">Documentation Changes</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.4.html#pep-446-newly-created-file-descriptors-are-non-inheritable">PEP 446: Newly Created File Descriptors Are Non-Inheritable</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.4.html#improvements-to-codec-handling">Improvements to Codec Handling</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.4.html#pep-451-a-modulespec-type-for-the-import-system">PEP 451: A ModuleSpec Type for the Import System</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.4.html#other-language-changes">Other Language Changes</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.4.html#new-modules">New Modules</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.4.html#asyncio">asyncio</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.4.html#ensurepip">ensurepip</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.4.html#enum">enum</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.4.html#pathlib">pathlib</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.4.html#selectors">selectors</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.4.html#statistics">statistics</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.4.html#tracemalloc">tracemalloc</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.4.html#improved-modules">Improved Modules</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.4.html#abc">abc</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.4.html#aifc">aifc</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.4.html#argparse">argparse</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.4.html#audioop">audioop</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.4.html#base64">base64</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.4.html#collections">collections</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.4.html#colorsys">colorsys</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.4.html#contextlib">contextlib</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.4.html#dbm">dbm</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.4.html#dis">dis</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.4.html#doctest">doctest</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.4.html#email">email</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.4.html#filecmp">filecmp</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.4.html#functools">functools</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.4.html#gc">gc</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.4.html#glob">glob</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.4.html#hashlib">hashlib</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.4.html#hmac">hmac</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.4.html#html">html</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.4.html#http">http</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.4.html#idlelib-and-idle">idlelib and IDLE</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.4.html#importlib">importlib</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.4.html#inspect">inspect</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.4.html#ipaddress">ipaddress</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.4.html#logging">logging</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.4.html#marshal">marshal</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.4.html#mmap">mmap</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.4.html#multiprocessing">multiprocessing</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.4.html#operator">operator</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.4.html#os">os</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.4.html#pdb">pdb</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.4.html#pickle">pickle</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.4.html#plistlib">plistlib</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.4.html#poplib">poplib</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.4.html#pprint">pprint</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.4.html#pty">pty</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.4.html#pydoc">pydoc</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.4.html#re">re</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.4.html#resource">resource</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.4.html#select">select</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.4.html#shelve">shelve</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.4.html#shutil">shutil</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.4.html#smtpd">smtpd</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.4.html#smtplib">smtplib</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.4.html#socket">socket</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.4.html#sqlite3">sqlite3</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.4.html#ssl">ssl</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.4.html#stat">stat</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.4.html#struct">struct</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.4.html#subprocess">subprocess</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.4.html#sunau">sunau</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.4.html#sys">sys</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.4.html#tarfile">tarfile</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.4.html#textwrap">textwrap</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.4.html#threading">threading</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.4.html#traceback">traceback</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.4.html#types">types</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.4.html#urllib">urllib</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.4.html#unittest">unittest</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.4.html#venv">venv</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.4.html#wave">wave</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.4.html#pep-445-customization-of-cpython-memory-allocators">PEP 445: Customization of CPython Memory Allocators</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.4.html#pep-442-safe-object-finalization">PEP 442: Safe Object Finalization</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.4.html#pep-456-secure-and-interchangeable-hash-algorithm">PEP 456: Secure and Interchangeable Hash Algorithm</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.4.html#pep-436-argument-clinic">PEP 436: Argument Clinic</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.4.html#pep-476-enabling-certificate-verification-by-default-for-stdlib-http-clients">PEP 476: Enabling certificate verification by default for stdlib http clients</a></li>
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</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.3.html">What’s New In Python 3.3</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.3.html#summary-release-highlights">Summary – Release highlights</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.3.html#pep-405-virtual-environments">PEP 405: Virtual Environments</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.3.html#pep-420-implicit-namespace-packages">PEP 420: Implicit Namespace Packages</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.3.html#pep-3118-new-memoryview-implementation-and-buffer-protocol-documentation">PEP 3118: New memoryview implementation and buffer protocol documentation</a><ul>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.3.html#pep-393-flexible-string-representation">PEP 393: Flexible String Representation</a><ul>
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</ul>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.3.html#pep-397-python-launcher-for-windows">PEP 397: Python Launcher for Windows</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.3.html#pep-3151-reworking-the-os-and-io-exception-hierarchy">PEP 3151: Reworking the OS and IO exception hierarchy</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.3.html#pep-380-syntax-for-delegating-to-a-subgenerator">PEP 380: Syntax for Delegating to a Subgenerator</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.3.html#pep-409-suppressing-exception-context">PEP 409: Suppressing exception context</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.3.html#pep-414-explicit-unicode-literals">PEP 414: Explicit Unicode literals</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.3.html#pep-3155-qualified-name-for-classes-and-functions">PEP 3155: Qualified name for classes and functions</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.3.html#pep-412-key-sharing-dictionary">PEP 412: Key-Sharing Dictionary</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.3.html#pep-362-function-signature-object">PEP 362: Function Signature Object</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.3.html#pep-421-adding-sys-implementation">PEP 421: Adding sys.implementation</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.3.html#simplenamespace">SimpleNamespace</a></li>
</ul>
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<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.3.html#abc">abc</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.3.html#ftplib">ftplib</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.3.html#deprecated-functions-and-types-of-the-c-api">Deprecated functions and types of the C API</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.3.html#porting-to-python-3-3">Porting to Python 3.3</a><ul>
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</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.2.html">What’s New In Python 3.2</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.2.html#pep-384-defining-a-stable-abi">PEP 384: Defining a Stable ABI</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.2.html#pep-389-argparse-command-line-parsing-module">PEP 389: Argparse Command Line Parsing Module</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.2.html#pep-391-dictionary-based-configuration-for-logging">PEP 391: Dictionary Based Configuration for Logging</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.2.html#pep-3148-the-concurrent-futures-module">PEP 3148: The <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">concurrent.futures</span></code> module</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.2.html#pep-3147-pyc-repository-directories">PEP 3147: PYC Repository Directories</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.2.html#pep-3149-abi-version-tagged-so-files">PEP 3149: ABI Version Tagged .so Files</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.2.html#pep-3333-python-web-server-gateway-interface-v1-0-1">PEP 3333: Python Web Server Gateway Interface v1.0.1</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.2.html#other-language-changes">Other Language Changes</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.2.html#new-improved-and-deprecated-modules">New, Improved, and Deprecated Modules</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.2.html#email">email</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.2.html#elementtree">elementtree</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.2.html#abc">abc</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.2.html#io">io</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.2.html#reprlib">reprlib</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.2.html#logging">logging</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.2.html#csv">csv</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.2.html#contextlib">contextlib</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.2.html#ftp">ftp</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.2.html#popen">popen</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.2.html#select">select</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.2.html#gzip-and-zipfile">gzip and zipfile</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.2.html#tarfile">tarfile</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.2.html#hashlib">hashlib</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.2.html#ast">ast</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.2.html#shutil">shutil</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.2.html#socket">socket</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.2.html#nntp">nntp</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.2.html#imaplib">imaplib</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.2.html#http-client">http.client</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.2.html#unittest">unittest</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.2.html#random">random</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.2.html#poplib">poplib</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.2.html#asyncore">asyncore</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.2.html#tempfile">tempfile</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.2.html#inspect">inspect</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.2.html#pydoc">pydoc</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.2.html#dis">dis</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.2.html#dbm">dbm</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.2.html#ctypes">ctypes</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.2.html#site">site</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.2.html#sysconfig">sysconfig</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.2.html#pdb">pdb</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.2.html#configparser">configparser</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.2.html#urllib-parse">urllib.parse</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.2.html#mailbox">mailbox</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.2.html#turtledemo">turtledemo</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.2.html#multi-threading">Multi-threading</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.2.html#optimizations">Optimizations</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.2.html#unicode">Unicode</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.2.html#codecs">Codecs</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.2.html#documentation">Documentation</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.2.html#idle">IDLE</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.2.html#code-repository">Code Repository</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.2.html#build-and-c-api-changes">Build and C API Changes</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.2.html#porting-to-python-3-2">Porting to Python 3.2</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.1.html">What’s New In Python 3.1</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.1.html#pep-372-ordered-dictionaries">PEP 372: Ordered Dictionaries</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.1.html#pep-378-format-specifier-for-thousands-separator">PEP 378: Format Specifier for Thousands Separator</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.1.html#other-language-changes">Other Language Changes</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.1.html#new-improved-and-deprecated-modules">New, Improved, and Deprecated Modules</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.1.html#optimizations">Optimizations</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.1.html#idle">IDLE</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.1.html#build-and-c-api-changes">Build and C API Changes</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.1.html#porting-to-python-3-1">Porting to Python 3.1</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.0.html">What’s New In Python 3.0</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.0.html#common-stumbling-blocks">Common Stumbling Blocks</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.0.html#print-is-a-function">Print Is A Function</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.0.html#views-and-iterators-instead-of-lists">Views And Iterators Instead Of Lists</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.0.html#ordering-comparisons">Ordering Comparisons</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.0.html#integers">Integers</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.0.html#text-vs-data-instead-of-unicode-vs-8-bit">Text Vs. Data Instead Of Unicode Vs. 8-bit</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.0.html#overview-of-syntax-changes">Overview Of Syntax Changes</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.0.html#new-syntax">New Syntax</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.0.html#changed-syntax">Changed Syntax</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.0.html#removed-syntax">Removed Syntax</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.0.html#changes-already-present-in-python-2-6">Changes Already Present In Python 2.6</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.0.html#library-changes">Library Changes</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.0.html#pep-3101-a-new-approach-to-string-formatting"><strong>PEP 3101</strong>: A New Approach To String Formatting</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.0.html#changes-to-exceptions">Changes To Exceptions</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.0.html#miscellaneous-other-changes">Miscellaneous Other Changes</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.0.html#operators-and-special-methods">Operators And Special Methods</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.0.html#builtins">Builtins</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.0.html#build-and-c-api-changes">Build and C API Changes</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.0.html#performance">Performance</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/3.0.html#porting-to-python-3-0">Porting To Python 3.0</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.7.html">What’s New in Python 2.7</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.7.html#the-future-for-python-2-x">The Future for Python 2.x</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.7.html#changes-to-the-handling-of-deprecation-warnings">Changes to the Handling of Deprecation Warnings</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.7.html#python-3-1-features">Python 3.1 Features</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.7.html#pep-372-adding-an-ordered-dictionary-to-collections">PEP 372: Adding an Ordered Dictionary to collections</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.7.html#pep-378-format-specifier-for-thousands-separator">PEP 378: Format Specifier for Thousands Separator</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.7.html#pep-389-the-argparse-module-for-parsing-command-lines">PEP 389: The argparse Module for Parsing Command Lines</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.7.html#pep-391-dictionary-based-configuration-for-logging">PEP 391: Dictionary-Based Configuration For Logging</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.7.html#pep-3106-dictionary-views">PEP 3106: Dictionary Views</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.7.html#pep-3137-the-memoryview-object">PEP 3137: The memoryview Object</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.7.html#other-language-changes">Other Language Changes</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.7.html#interpreter-changes">Interpreter Changes</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.7.html#optimizations">Optimizations</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.7.html#new-and-improved-modules">New and Improved Modules</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.7.html#new-module-importlib">New module: importlib</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.7.html#new-module-sysconfig">New module: sysconfig</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.7.html#ttk-themed-widgets-for-tk">ttk: Themed Widgets for Tk</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.7.html#updated-module-unittest">Updated module: unittest</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.7.html#updated-module-elementtree-1-3">Updated module: ElementTree 1.3</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.7.html#build-and-c-api-changes">Build and C API Changes</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.7.html#capsules">Capsules</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.7.html#port-specific-changes-windows">Port-Specific Changes: Windows</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.7.html#port-specific-changes-mac-os-x">Port-Specific Changes: Mac OS X</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.7.html#port-specific-changes-freebsd">Port-Specific Changes: FreeBSD</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.7.html#other-changes-and-fixes">Other Changes and Fixes</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.7.html#porting-to-python-2-7">Porting to Python 2.7</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.7.html#new-features-added-to-python-2-7-maintenance-releases">New Features Added to Python 2.7 Maintenance Releases</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.7.html#two-new-environment-variables-for-debug-mode">Two new environment variables for debug mode</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.7.html#pep-434-idle-enhancement-exception-for-all-branches">PEP 434: IDLE Enhancement Exception for All Branches</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.7.html#pep-466-network-security-enhancements-for-python-2-7">PEP 466: Network Security Enhancements for Python 2.7</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.7.html#pep-477-backport-ensurepip-pep-453-to-python-2-7">PEP 477: Backport ensurepip (PEP 453) to Python 2.7</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.7.html#bootstrapping-pip-by-default">Bootstrapping pip By Default</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.7.html#documentation-changes">Documentation Changes</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.7.html#pep-476-enabling-certificate-verification-by-default-for-stdlib-http-clients">PEP 476: Enabling certificate verification by default for stdlib http clients</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.7.html#pep-493-https-verification-migration-tools-for-python-2-7">PEP 493: HTTPS verification migration tools for Python 2.7</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.7.html#new-make-regen-all-build-target">New <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">make</span> <span class="pre">regen-all</span></code> build target</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.7.html#removal-of-make-touch-build-target">Removal of <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">make</span> <span class="pre">touch</span></code> build target</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.7.html#acknowledgements">Acknowledgements</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.6.html">What’s New in Python 2.6</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.6.html#python-3-0">Python 3.0</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.6.html#changes-to-the-development-process">Changes to the Development Process</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.6.html#new-issue-tracker-roundup">New Issue Tracker: Roundup</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.6.html#new-documentation-format-restructuredtext-using-sphinx">New Documentation Format: reStructuredText Using Sphinx</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.6.html#pep-343-the-with-statement">PEP 343: The 『with』 statement</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.6.html#writing-context-managers">Writing Context Managers</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.6.html#the-contextlib-module">The contextlib module</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.6.html#pep-366-explicit-relative-imports-from-a-main-module">PEP 366: Explicit Relative Imports From a Main Module</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.6.html#pep-370-per-user-site-packages-directory">PEP 370: Per-user <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">site-packages</span></code> Directory</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.6.html#pep-371-the-multiprocessing-package">PEP 371: The <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">multiprocessing</span></code> Package</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.6.html#pep-3101-advanced-string-formatting">PEP 3101: Advanced String Formatting</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.6.html#pep-3105-print-as-a-function">PEP 3105: <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">print</span></code> As a Function</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.6.html#pep-3110-exception-handling-changes">PEP 3110: Exception-Handling Changes</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.6.html#pep-3112-byte-literals">PEP 3112: Byte Literals</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.6.html#pep-3116-new-i-o-library">PEP 3116: New I/O Library</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.6.html#pep-3118-revised-buffer-protocol">PEP 3118: Revised Buffer Protocol</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.6.html#pep-3119-abstract-base-classes">PEP 3119: Abstract Base Classes</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.6.html#pep-3127-integer-literal-support-and-syntax">PEP 3127: Integer Literal Support and Syntax</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.6.html#pep-3129-class-decorators">PEP 3129: Class Decorators</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.6.html#pep-3141-a-type-hierarchy-for-numbers">PEP 3141: A Type Hierarchy for Numbers</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.6.html#the-fractions-module">The <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">fractions</span></code> Module</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.6.html#other-language-changes">Other Language Changes</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.6.html#optimizations">Optimizations</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.6.html#interpreter-changes">Interpreter Changes</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.6.html#new-and-improved-modules">New and Improved Modules</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.6.html#the-ast-module">The <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ast</span></code> module</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.6.html#the-future-builtins-module">The <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">future_builtins</span></code> module</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.6.html#the-json-module-javascript-object-notation">The <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">json</span></code> module: JavaScript Object Notation</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.6.html#the-plistlib-module-a-property-list-parser">The <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">plistlib</span></code> module: A Property-List Parser</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.6.html#ctypes-enhancements">ctypes Enhancements</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.6.html#improved-ssl-support">Improved SSL Support</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.6.html#deprecations-and-removals">Deprecations and Removals</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.6.html#build-and-c-api-changes">Build and C API Changes</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.6.html#port-specific-changes-windows">Port-Specific Changes: Windows</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.6.html#port-specific-changes-mac-os-x">Port-Specific Changes: Mac OS X</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.6.html#port-specific-changes-irix">Port-Specific Changes: IRIX</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.6.html#porting-to-python-2-6">Porting to Python 2.6</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.6.html#acknowledgements">Acknowledgements</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.5.html">What’s New in Python 2.5</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.5.html#pep-308-conditional-expressions">PEP 308: Conditional Expressions</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.5.html#pep-309-partial-function-application">PEP 309: Partial Function Application</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.5.html#pep-314-metadata-for-python-software-packages-v1-1">PEP 314: Metadata for Python Software Packages v1.1</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.5.html#pep-328-absolute-and-relative-imports">PEP 328: Absolute and Relative Imports</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.5.html#pep-338-executing-modules-as-scripts">PEP 338: Executing Modules as Scripts</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.5.html#pep-341-unified-try-except-finally">PEP 341: Unified try/except/finally</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.5.html#pep-342-new-generator-features">PEP 342: New Generator Features</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.5.html#pep-343-the-with-statement">PEP 343: The 『with』 statement</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.5.html#writing-context-managers">Writing Context Managers</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.5.html#the-contextlib-module">The contextlib module</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.5.html#pep-352-exceptions-as-new-style-classes">PEP 352: Exceptions as New-Style Classes</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.5.html#pep-353-using-ssize-t-as-the-index-type">PEP 353: Using ssize_t as the index type</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.5.html#pep-357-the-index-method">PEP 357: The 『__index__』 method</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.5.html#other-language-changes">Other Language Changes</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.5.html#interactive-interpreter-changes">Interactive Interpreter Changes</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.5.html#optimizations">Optimizations</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.5.html#new-improved-and-removed-modules">New, Improved, and Removed Modules</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.5.html#the-ctypes-package">The ctypes package</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.5.html#the-elementtree-package">The ElementTree package</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.5.html#the-hashlib-package">The hashlib package</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.5.html#the-sqlite3-package">The sqlite3 package</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.5.html#the-wsgiref-package">The wsgiref package</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.5.html#build-and-c-api-changes">Build and C API Changes</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.5.html#port-specific-changes">Port-Specific Changes</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.5.html#porting-to-python-2-5">Porting to Python 2.5</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.5.html#acknowledgements">Acknowledgements</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.4.html">What’s New in Python 2.4</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.4.html#pep-218-built-in-set-objects">PEP 218: Built-In Set Objects</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.4.html#pep-237-unifying-long-integers-and-integers">PEP 237: Unifying Long Integers and Integers</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.4.html#pep-289-generator-expressions">PEP 289: Generator Expressions</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.4.html#pep-292-simpler-string-substitutions">PEP 292: Simpler String Substitutions</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.4.html#pep-318-decorators-for-functions-and-methods">PEP 318: Decorators for Functions and Methods</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.4.html#pep-322-reverse-iteration">PEP 322: Reverse Iteration</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.4.html#pep-324-new-subprocess-module">PEP 324: New subprocess Module</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.4.html#pep-327-decimal-data-type">PEP 327: Decimal Data Type</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.4.html#why-is-decimal-needed">Why is Decimal needed?</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.4.html#the-decimal-type">The <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Decimal</span></code> type</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="whatsnew/2.4.html#the-context-type">The <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Context</span></code> type</a></li>
</ul>