Poetry install dependencies/dev-dependencies from lock file

[nathanrpage97]

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Feature Request

Add the ability to run poetry install {list-of-dependencies} / poetry install --dev {list-of-dev-dependencies}.

This will install these dependencies and their sub-dependencies from the lock file instead of installing all dependencies. This is useful in CI where not all dev-dependencies are needed for a job.

[sinoroc]

Maybe look at the planned feature dependency groups.

[nathanrpage97]

I've seen that, but I still think that this is also useful to give the most fine grained control on dependency installation.

[1Mark]

I think a nice way to implement this would be
To allow poetry export to only export a single package

poetry export --single black | xargs pip install

[finswimmer]

Duplicate of #3033

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