gh-98401: Invalid escape sequences emits SyntaxWarning (#99011)

A backslash-character pair that is not a valid escape sequence now
generates a SyntaxWarning, instead of DeprecationWarning.  For
example, re.compile("\d+\.\d+") now emits a SyntaxWarning ("\d" is an
invalid escape sequence), use raw strings for regular expression:
re.compile(r"\d+\.\d+"). In a future Python version, SyntaxError will
eventually be raised, instead of SyntaxWarning.

Octal escapes with value larger than 0o377 (ex: "\477"), deprecated
in Python 3.11, now produce a SyntaxWarning, instead of
DeprecationWarning. In a future Python version they will be
eventually a SyntaxError.

codecs.escape_decode() and codecs.unicode_escape_decode() are left
unchanged: they still emit DeprecationWarning.

* The parser only emits SyntaxWarning for Python 3.12 (feature
  version), and still emits DeprecationWarning on older Python
  versions.
* Fix SyntaxWarning by using raw strings in Tools/c-analyzer/ and
  wasm_build.py.

Author: vstinner

Doc/library/re.rst

@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ a literal backslash, one might have to write ``'\\\\'`` as the pattern
 string, because the regular expression must be ``\\``, and each
 backslash must be expressed as ``\\`` inside a regular Python string
 literal. Also, please note that any invalid escape sequences in Python's
-usage of the backslash in string literals now generate a :exc:`DeprecationWarning`
+usage of the backslash in string literals now generate a :exc:`SyntaxWarning`
 and in the future this will become a :exc:`SyntaxError`. This behaviour
 will happen even if it is a valid escape sequence for a regular expression.
 

Doc/reference/lexical_analysis.rst

@@ -612,9 +612,13 @@ Notes:
    As in Standard C, up to three octal digits are accepted.
 
    .. versionchanged:: 3.11
-      Octal escapes with value larger than ``0o377`` produce a :exc:`DeprecationWarning`.
-      In a future Python version they will be a :exc:`SyntaxWarning` and
-      eventually a :exc:`SyntaxError`.
+      Octal escapes with value larger than ``0o377`` produce a
+      :exc:`DeprecationWarning`.
+
+   .. versionchanged:: 3.12
+      Octal escapes with value larger than ``0o377`` produce a
+      :exc:`SyntaxWarning`. In a future Python version they will be eventually
+      a :exc:`SyntaxError`.
 
 (3)
    Unlike in Standard C, exactly two hex digits are required.
@@ -646,9 +650,11 @@ escape sequences only recognized in string literals fall into the category of
 unrecognized escapes for bytes literals.
 
    .. versionchanged:: 3.6
-      Unrecognized escape sequences produce a :exc:`DeprecationWarning`.  In
-      a future Python version they will be a :exc:`SyntaxWarning` and
-      eventually a :exc:`SyntaxError`.
+      Unrecognized escape sequences produce a :exc:`DeprecationWarning`.
+
+   .. versionchanged:: 3.12
+      Unrecognized escape sequences produce a :exc:`SyntaxWarning`. In a future
+      Python version they will be eventually a :exc:`SyntaxError`.
 
 Even in a raw literal, quotes can be escaped with a backslash, but the
 backslash remains in the result; for example, ``r"\""`` is a valid string

Doc/whatsnew/3.12.rst

@@ -121,6 +121,22 @@ Other Language Changes
   chance to execute the GC periodically. (Contributed by Pablo Galindo in
   :gh:`97922`.)
 
+* A backslash-character pair that is not a valid escape sequence now generates
+  a :exc:`SyntaxWarning`, instead of :exc:`DeprecationWarning`.
+  For example, ``re.compile("\d+\.\d+")`` now emits a :exc:`SyntaxWarning`
+  (``"\d"`` is an invalid escape sequence), use raw strings for regular
+  expression: ``re.compile(r"\d+\.\d+")``.
+  In a future Python version, :exc:`SyntaxError` will eventually be raised,
+  instead of :exc:`SyntaxWarning`.
+  (Contributed by Victor Stinner in :gh:`98401`.)
+
+* Octal escapes with value larger than ``0o377`` (ex: ``"\477"``), deprecated
+  in Python 3.11, now produce a :exc:`SyntaxWarning`, instead of
+  :exc:`DeprecationWarning`.
+  In a future Python version they will be eventually a :exc:`SyntaxError`.
+  (Contributed by Victor Stinner in :gh:`98401`.)
+
+
 New Modules
 ===========
 

Lib/test/test_codeop.py

@@ -310,8 +310,8 @@ def test_filename(self):
     def test_warning(self):
         # Test that the warning is only returned once.
         with warnings_helper.check_warnings(
-                (".*literal", SyntaxWarning),
-                (".*invalid", DeprecationWarning),
+                ('"is" with a literal', SyntaxWarning),
+                ("invalid escape sequence", SyntaxWarning),
                 ) as w:
             compile_command(r"'\e' is 0")
             self.assertEqual(len(w.warnings), 2)
@@ -321,9 +321,9 @@ def test_warning(self):
             warnings.simplefilter('error', SyntaxWarning)
             compile_command('1 is 1', symbol='exec')
 
-        # Check DeprecationWarning treated as an SyntaxError
+        # Check SyntaxWarning treated as an SyntaxError
         with warnings.catch_warnings(), self.assertRaises(SyntaxError):
-            warnings.simplefilter('error', DeprecationWarning)
+            warnings.simplefilter('error', SyntaxWarning)
             compile_command(r"'\e'", symbol='exec')
 
     def test_incomplete_warning(self):
@@ -337,7 +337,7 @@ def test_invalid_warning(self):
             warnings.simplefilter('always')
             self.assertInvalid("'\\e' 1")
         self.assertEqual(len(w), 1)
-        self.assertEqual(w[0].category, DeprecationWarning)
+        self.assertEqual(w[0].category, SyntaxWarning)
         self.assertRegex(str(w[0].message), 'invalid escape sequence')
         self.assertEqual(w[0].filename, '<input>')
 

Lib/test/test_fstring.py

@@ -776,7 +776,7 @@ def test_backslashes_in_string_part(self):
         self.assertEqual(f'2\x203', '2 3')
         self.assertEqual(f'\x203', ' 3')
 
-        with self.assertWarns(DeprecationWarning):  # invalid escape sequence
+        with self.assertWarns(SyntaxWarning):  # invalid escape sequence
             value = eval(r"f'\{6*7}'")
         self.assertEqual(value, '\\42')
         self.assertEqual(f'\\{6*7}', '\\42')

Lib/test/test_string_literals.py

@@ -109,19 +109,19 @@ def test_eval_str_invalid_escape(self):
         for b in range(1, 128):
             if b in b"""\n\r"'01234567NU\\abfnrtuvx""":
                 continue
-            with self.assertWarns(DeprecationWarning):
+            with self.assertWarns(SyntaxWarning):
                 self.assertEqual(eval(r"'\%c'" % b), '\\' + chr(b))
 
         with warnings.catch_warnings(record=True) as w:
-            warnings.simplefilter('always', category=DeprecationWarning)
+            warnings.simplefilter('always', category=SyntaxWarning)
             eval("'''\n\\z'''")
         self.assertEqual(len(w), 1)
         self.assertEqual(str(w[0].message), r"invalid escape sequence '\z'")
         self.assertEqual(w[0].filename, '<string>')
         self.assertEqual(w[0].lineno, 1)
 
         with warnings.catch_warnings(record=True) as w:
-            warnings.simplefilter('error', category=DeprecationWarning)
+            warnings.simplefilter('error', category=SyntaxWarning)
             with self.assertRaises(SyntaxError) as cm:
                 eval("'''\n\\z'''")
             exc = cm.exception
@@ -133,11 +133,11 @@ def test_eval_str_invalid_escape(self):
 
     def test_eval_str_invalid_octal_escape(self):
         for i in range(0o400, 0o1000):
-            with self.assertWarns(DeprecationWarning):
+            with self.assertWarns(SyntaxWarning):
                 self.assertEqual(eval(r"'\%o'" % i), chr(i))
 
         with warnings.catch_warnings(record=True) as w:
-            warnings.simplefilter('always', category=DeprecationWarning)
+            warnings.simplefilter('always', category=SyntaxWarning)
             eval("'''\n\\407'''")
         self.assertEqual(len(w), 1)
         self.assertEqual(str(w[0].message),
@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ def test_eval_str_invalid_octal_escape(self):
         self.assertEqual(w[0].lineno, 1)
 
         with warnings.catch_warnings(record=True) as w:
-            warnings.simplefilter('error', category=DeprecationWarning)
+            warnings.simplefilter('error', category=SyntaxWarning)
             with self.assertRaises(SyntaxError) as cm:
                 eval("'''\n\\407'''")
             exc = cm.exception
@@ -186,19 +186,19 @@ def test_eval_bytes_invalid_escape(self):
         for b in range(1, 128):
             if b in b"""\n\r"'01234567\\abfnrtvx""":
                 continue
-            with self.assertWarns(DeprecationWarning):
+            with self.assertWarns(SyntaxWarning):
                 self.assertEqual(eval(r"b'\%c'" % b), b'\\' + bytes([b]))
 
         with warnings.catch_warnings(record=True) as w:
-            warnings.simplefilter('always', category=DeprecationWarning)
+            warnings.simplefilter('always', category=SyntaxWarning)
             eval("b'''\n\\z'''")
         self.assertEqual(len(w), 1)
         self.assertEqual(str(w[0].message), r"invalid escape sequence '\z'")
         self.assertEqual(w[0].filename, '<string>')
         self.assertEqual(w[0].lineno, 1)
 
         with warnings.catch_warnings(record=True) as w:
-            warnings.simplefilter('error', category=DeprecationWarning)
+            warnings.simplefilter('error', category=SyntaxWarning)
             with self.assertRaises(SyntaxError) as cm:
                 eval("b'''\n\\z'''")
             exc = cm.exception
@@ -209,11 +209,11 @@ def test_eval_bytes_invalid_escape(self):
 
     def test_eval_bytes_invalid_octal_escape(self):
         for i in range(0o400, 0o1000):
-            with self.assertWarns(DeprecationWarning):
+            with self.assertWarns(SyntaxWarning):
                 self.assertEqual(eval(r"b'\%o'" % i), bytes([i & 0o377]))
 
         with warnings.catch_warnings(record=True) as w:
-            warnings.simplefilter('always', category=DeprecationWarning)
+            warnings.simplefilter('always', category=SyntaxWarning)
             eval("b'''\n\\407'''")
         self.assertEqual(len(w), 1)
         self.assertEqual(str(w[0].message),
@@ -222,7 +222,7 @@ def test_eval_bytes_invalid_octal_escape(self):
         self.assertEqual(w[0].lineno, 1)
 
         with warnings.catch_warnings(record=True) as w:
-            warnings.simplefilter('error', category=DeprecationWarning)
+            warnings.simplefilter('error', category=SyntaxWarning)
             with self.assertRaises(SyntaxError) as cm:
                 eval("b'''\n\\407'''")
             exc = cm.exception

Misc/NEWS.d/next/Core and Builtins/2022-11-02-17-02-06.gh-issue-98401.y-dbVW.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+A backslash-character pair that is not a valid escape sequence now generates a
+:exc:`SyntaxWarning`, instead of :exc:`DeprecationWarning`.  For example,
+``re.compile("\d+\.\d+")`` now emits a :exc:`SyntaxWarning` (``"\d"`` is an
+invalid escape sequence), use raw strings for regular expression:
+``re.compile(r"\d+\.\d+")``. In a future Python version, :exc:`SyntaxError`
+will eventually be raised, instead of :exc:`SyntaxWarning`. Patch by Victor
+Stinner.

Misc/NEWS.d/next/Core and Builtins/2022-11-03-13-11-17.gh-issue-98401.CBS4nv.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+Octal escapes with value larger than ``0o377`` (ex: ``"\477"``), deprecated
+in Python 3.11, now produce a :exc:`SyntaxWarning`, instead of
+:exc:`DeprecationWarning`. In a future Python version they will be
+eventually a :exc:`SyntaxError`. Patch by Victor Stinner.

Parser/string_parser.c

@@ -21,9 +21,16 @@ warn_invalid_escape_sequence(Parser *p, const char *first_invalid_escape, Token
     if (msg == NULL) {
         return -1;
     }
-    if (PyErr_WarnExplicitObject(PyExc_DeprecationWarning, msg, p->tok->filename,
+    PyObject *category;
+    if (p->feature_version >= 12) {
+        category = PyExc_SyntaxWarning;
+    }
+    else {
+        category = PyExc_DeprecationWarning;
+    }
+    if (PyErr_WarnExplicitObject(category, msg, p->tok->filename,
                                  t->lineno, NULL, NULL) < 0) {
-        if (PyErr_ExceptionMatches(PyExc_DeprecationWarning)) {
+        if (PyErr_ExceptionMatches(category)) {
             /* Replace the DeprecationWarning exception with a SyntaxError
                to get a more accurate error report */
             PyErr_Clear();

Tools/c-analyzer/c_parser/_state_machine.py

@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ def parse(srclines):
 #    # end matched parens
 #    ''')
 
-'''
+r'''
         # for loop
         (?:
             \s* \b for

Tools/wasm/wasm_build.py

@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ def read_python_version(configure: pathlib.Path = CONFIGURE) -> str:
     configure and configure.ac are the canonical source for major and
     minor version number.
     """
-    version_re = re.compile("^PACKAGE_VERSION='(\d\.\d+)'")
+    version_re = re.compile(r"^PACKAGE_VERSION='(\d\.\d+)'")
     with configure.open(encoding="utf-8") as f:
         for line in f:
             mo = version_re.match(line)