Create a rchk composite action

[jimhester]

We should create a check-rchk composite action, which will make it easier to run rchk on GitHub Actions.

It would be useful to use in cpp11 and other packages which have a lot of C or C++ code.

It can be an adapted from what is used in arrow's CI.

https://github.com/ursacomputing/crossbow/actions/runs/1120719523/workflow#L53-L76

cc @nealrichardson

[nealrichardson]

Here's the section of workflow where we use rchk: https://github.com/apache/arrow/blob/master/dev/tasks/r/github.linux.rchk.yml#L53-L77

[jimhester]

We do already have https://github.com/r-lib/actions/tree/master/run-rchk to run rchk, but I think the way you are doing it feels somehow more natural than the previous approach.

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