Upgrade distro-tools: Bazel to 7.4.1, python to 3.12

[ganphx]

Summary of upgrades required to distro-tools builds:

1. Upgrade Bazel to 7.4.1. (Bazel 8.0 was just released this week which disables WORKSPACE support by default.)
   I was able to move most of the rules and libs to MODULE.bazel with the exception of rules_docker.

2. rules_docker is now maintained on an as-needed basis. Please see rules_oci for an alternative. This repo was previously archived in Oct 2023, then unarchived Nov 2024 as rules_docker remains a dependency for many projects. Having it in an unarchived state permits the community to post new issues, workarounds, and maintenance and security pull requests. https://github.com/bazelbuild/rules_docker

3. Upgrading to python 3.12 - The entire distutils package is deprecated and removed in Python 3.12.
   See https://peps.python.org/pep-0632/#migration-advice