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Installation

For errors during the installation phase, we recommend trying the following steps. Please note that error messages may vary for Mac users, particularly those using M1, M2, or M3 chips.

In terminal:

  1. Ensure Xcode Command Line Tools are installed 
    xcode-select --install
  2. Ensure Homebrew is installed 
    /bin/bash -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/HEAD/install.sh)"
  3. Install 'gfortran' and other dependencies, including gcc 
    brew install gfortran
brew install llvm
brew install gcc
  4. Add gcc to your path
    • Option 1: Create aliases Add the following lines to your shell configuration file (~/.zshrc for Zsh or ~/.bashrc for Bash): 
      alias gcc='/opt/homebrew/bin/gcc-14'
alias g++='/opt/homebrew/bin/g++-14'
      (Here we assume your gcc is version 14. you should run 
      gcc-14 --version
g++-14 --version
      to verify it.) Then apply the changes: 
      source ~/.zshrc
    • Option 2: Create Symlinks 
      sudo ln -s /opt/homebrew/bin/gcc-14 /usr/local/bin/gcc
sudo ln -s /opt/homebrew/bin/g++-14 /usr/local/bin/g++

Check R configuration:

  1. create a file named Makevars in your .R directory, put the following lines in your .R/Makevars file 
    FC = (path_gfortran)
F77 = (path_gfortran)
FLIBS=-L(path_gcc) -lgfortran -lquadmath -lm
    where you should replace the (path_gfortran) with path returned by running the following command in your terminal: 
    brew info gfortran
    you should be able to get something similar to: 
    FC = /opt/homebrew/bin/gfortran
F77 = /opt/homebrew/bin/gfortran
    and (path_gcc) with output by running this command in your terminal: 
    brew info gcc
    and you will get a line similar to: 
    FLIBS=-L/opt/homebrew/opt/gcc/lib/gcc/14 -lgfortran -lquadmath -lm

In R:

  1. Install devtools 
    install.packages("devtools")
library(devtools)
  2. Install causl 
    install_github("rje42/causl")

If you encounter any issues, please send us the error messages!