Add length limit option for methods that parses date strings

`Date.parse` now raises an ArgumentError when a given date string is
longer than 128. You can configure the limit by giving `limit` keyword
arguments like `Date.parse(str, limit: 1000)`. If you pass `limit: nil`,
the limit is disabled.

Not only `Date.parse` but also the following methods are changed.

* Date._parse
* Date.parse
* DateTime.parse
* Date._iso8601
* Date.iso8601
* DateTime.iso8601
* Date._rfc3339
* Date.rfc3339
* DateTime.rfc3339
* Date._xmlschema
* Date.xmlschema
* DateTime.xmlschema
* Date._rfc2822
* Date.rfc2822
* DateTime.rfc2822
* Date._rfc822
* Date.rfc822
* DateTime.rfc822
* Date._jisx0301
* Date.jisx0301
* DateTime.jisx0301

date.gemspec

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
 Gem::Specification.new do |s|
  s.name = "date"
- s.version = '3.2.0'
+ s.version = '3.2.1'
  s.summary = "A subclass of Object includes Comparable module for handling dates."
  s.description = "A subclass of Object includes Comparable module for handling dates."