Rollup merge of #123518 - compiler-errors:by-move-fixes, r=oli-obk

Fix `ByMove` coroutine-closure shim (for 2021 precise closure capturing behavior)

This PR reworks the way that we perform the `ByMove` coroutine-closure shim to account for the fact that the upvars of the outer coroutine-closure and the inner coroutine might not line up due to edition-2021 closure capture rules changes.

Specifically, the number of upvars may differ *and/or* the inner coroutine may have additional projections applied to an upvar. This PR reworks the information we pass into the `ByMoveBody` MIR visitor to account for both of these facts.

I tried to leave comments explaining exactly what everything is doing, but let me know if you have questions.

r? oli-obk

Author: matthiaskrgr

Diff for: compiler/rustc_mir_transform/src/coroutine/by_move_body.rs

@@ -58,16 +58,24 @@
 //! borrowing from the outer closure, and we simply peel off a `deref` projection
 //! from them. This second body is stored alongside the first body, and optimized
 //! with it in lockstep. When we need to resolve a body for `FnOnce` or `AsyncFnOnce`,
-//! we use this "by move" body instead.
-
-use itertools::Itertools;
+//! we use this "by-move" body instead.
+//!
+//! ## How does this work?
+//!
+//! This pass essentially remaps the body of the (child) closure of the coroutine-closure
+//! to take the set of upvars of the parent closure by value. This at least requires
+//! changing a by-ref upvar to be by-value in the case that the outer coroutine-closure
+//! captures something by value; however, it may also require renumbering field indices
+//! in case precise captures (edition 2021 closure capture rules) caused the inner coroutine
+//! to split one field capture into two.
 
-use rustc_data_structures::unord::UnordSet;
+use rustc_data_structures::unord::UnordMap;
 use rustc_hir as hir;
+use rustc_middle::hir::place::{PlaceBase, Projection, ProjectionKind};
 use rustc_middle::mir::visit::MutVisitor;
 use rustc_middle::mir::{self, dump_mir, MirPass};
 use rustc_middle::ty::{self, InstanceDef, Ty, TyCtxt, TypeVisitableExt};
-use rustc_target::abi::FieldIdx;
+use rustc_target::abi::{FieldIdx, VariantIdx};
 
 pub struct ByMoveBody;
 
@@ -116,32 +124,116 @@ impl<'tcx> MirPass<'tcx> for ByMoveBody {
             .tuple_fields()
             .len();
 
-        let mut by_ref_fields = UnordSet::default();
-        for (idx, (coroutine_capture, parent_capture)) in tcx
+        let mut field_remapping = UnordMap::default();
+
+        // One parent capture may correspond to several child captures if we end up
+        // refining the set of captures via edition-2021 precise captures. We want to
+        // match up any number of child captures with one parent capture, so we keep
+        // peeking off this `Peekable` until the child doesn't match anymore.
+        let mut parent_captures =
+            tcx.closure_captures(parent_def_id).iter().copied().enumerate().peekable();
+        // Make sure we use every field at least once, b/c why are we capturing something
+        // if it's not used in the inner coroutine.
+        let mut field_used_at_least_once = false;
+
+        for (child_field_idx, child_capture) in tcx
             .closure_captures(coroutine_def_id)
             .iter()
+            .copied()
             // By construction we capture all the args first.
             .skip(num_args)
-            .zip_eq(tcx.closure_captures(parent_def_id))
             .enumerate()
         {
-            // This upvar is captured by-move from the parent closure, but by-ref
-            // from the inner async block. That means that it's being borrowed from
-            // the outer closure body -- we need to change the coroutine to take the
-            // upvar by value.
-            if coroutine_capture.is_by_ref() && !parent_capture.is_by_ref() {
-                assert_ne!(
-                    coroutine_kind,
-                    ty::ClosureKind::FnOnce,
-                    "`FnOnce` coroutine-closures return coroutines that capture from \
-                    their body; it will always result in a borrowck error!"
+            loop {
+                let Some(&(parent_field_idx, parent_capture)) = parent_captures.peek() else {
+                    bug!("we ran out of parent captures!")
+                };
+
+                let PlaceBase::Upvar(parent_base) = parent_capture.place.base else {
+                    bug!("expected capture to be an upvar");
+                };
+                let PlaceBase::Upvar(child_base) = child_capture.place.base else {
+                    bug!("expected capture to be an upvar");
+                };
+
+                assert!(
+                    child_capture.place.projections.len() >= parent_capture.place.projections.len()
                 );
-                by_ref_fields.insert(FieldIdx::from_usize(num_args + idx));
+                // A parent matches a child they share the same prefix of projections.
+                // The child may have more, if it is capturing sub-fields out of
+                // something that is captured by-move in the parent closure.
+                if parent_base.var_path.hir_id != child_base.var_path.hir_id
+                    || !std::iter::zip(
+                        &child_capture.place.projections,
+                        &parent_capture.place.projections,
+                    )
+                    .all(|(child, parent)| child.kind == parent.kind)
+                {
+                    // Make sure the field was used at least once.
+                    assert!(
+                        field_used_at_least_once,
+                        "we captured {parent_capture:#?} but it was not used in the child coroutine?"
+                    );
+                    field_used_at_least_once = false;
+                    // Skip this field.
+                    let _ = parent_captures.next().unwrap();
+                    continue;
+                }
+
+                // Store this set of additional projections (fields and derefs).
+                // We need to re-apply them later.
+                let child_precise_captures =
+                    &child_capture.place.projections[parent_capture.place.projections.len()..];
+
+                // If the parent captures by-move, and the child captures by-ref, then we
+                // need to peel an additional `deref` off of the body of the child.
+                let needs_deref = child_capture.is_by_ref() && !parent_capture.is_by_ref();
+                if needs_deref {
+                    assert_ne!(
+                        coroutine_kind,
+                        ty::ClosureKind::FnOnce,
+                        "`FnOnce` coroutine-closures return coroutines that capture from \
+                        their body; it will always result in a borrowck error!"
+                    );
+                }
+
+                // Finally, store the type of the parent's captured place. We need
+                // this when building the field projection in the MIR body later on.
+                let mut parent_capture_ty = parent_capture.place.ty();
+                parent_capture_ty = match parent_capture.info.capture_kind {
+                    ty::UpvarCapture::ByValue => parent_capture_ty,
+                    ty::UpvarCapture::ByRef(kind) => Ty::new_ref(
+                        tcx,
+                        tcx.lifetimes.re_erased,
+                        parent_capture_ty,
+                        kind.to_mutbl_lossy(),
+                    ),
+                };
+
+                field_remapping.insert(
+                    FieldIdx::from_usize(child_field_idx + num_args),
+                    (
+                        FieldIdx::from_usize(parent_field_idx + num_args),
+                        parent_capture_ty,
+                        needs_deref,
+                        child_precise_captures,
+                    ),
+                );
+
+                field_used_at_least_once = true;
+                break;
             }
+        }
+
+        // Pop the last parent capture
+        if field_used_at_least_once {
+            let _ = parent_captures.next().unwrap();
+        }
+        assert_eq!(parent_captures.next(), None, "leftover parent captures?");
 
-            // Make sure we're actually talking about the same capture.
-            // FIXME(async_closures): We could look at the `hir::Upvar` instead?
-            assert_eq!(coroutine_capture.place.ty(), parent_capture.place.ty());
+        if coroutine_kind == ty::ClosureKind::FnOnce {
+            assert_eq!(field_remapping.len(), tcx.closure_captures(parent_def_id).len());
+            return;
         }
 
         let by_move_coroutine_ty = tcx
@@ -157,7 +249,7 @@ impl<'tcx> MirPass<'tcx> for ByMoveBody {
             );
 
         let mut by_move_body = body.clone();
-        MakeByMoveBody { tcx, by_ref_fields, by_move_coroutine_ty }.visit_body(&mut by_move_body);
+        MakeByMoveBody { tcx, field_remapping, by_move_coroutine_ty }.visit_body(&mut by_move_body);
         dump_mir(tcx, false, "coroutine_by_move", &0, &by_move_body, |_, _| Ok(()));
         by_move_body.source = mir::MirSource::from_instance(InstanceDef::CoroutineKindShim {
             coroutine_def_id: coroutine_def_id.to_def_id(),
@@ -168,7 +260,7 @@ impl<'tcx> MirPass<'tcx> for ByMoveBody {
 
 struct MakeByMoveBody<'tcx> {
     tcx: TyCtxt<'tcx>,
-    by_ref_fields: UnordSet<FieldIdx>,
+    field_remapping: UnordMap<FieldIdx, (FieldIdx, Ty<'tcx>, bool, &'tcx [Projection<'tcx>])>,
     by_move_coroutine_ty: Ty<'tcx>,
 }
 
@@ -183,24 +275,59 @@ impl<'tcx> MutVisitor<'tcx> for MakeByMoveBody<'tcx> {
         context: mir::visit::PlaceContext,
         location: mir::Location,
     ) {
+        // Initializing an upvar local always starts with `CAPTURE_STRUCT_LOCAL` and a
+        // field projection. If this is in `field_remapping`, then it must not be an
+        // arg from calling the closure, but instead an upvar.
         if place.local == ty::CAPTURE_STRUCT_LOCAL
-            && let Some((&mir::ProjectionElem::Field(idx, ty), projection)) =
+            && let Some((&mir::ProjectionElem::Field(idx, _), projection)) =
                 place.projection.split_first()
-            && self.by_ref_fields.contains(&idx)
+            && let Some(&(remapped_idx, remapped_ty, needs_deref, additional_projections)) =
+                self.field_remapping.get(&idx)
         {
-            let (begin, end) = projection.split_first().unwrap();
-            // FIXME(async_closures): I'm actually a bit surprised to see that we always
-            // initially deref the by-ref upvars. If this is not actually true, then we
-            // will at least get an ICE that explains why this isn't true :^)
-            assert_eq!(*begin, mir::ProjectionElem::Deref);
-            // Peel one ref off of the ty.
-            let peeled_ty = ty.builtin_deref(true).unwrap().ty;
+            // As noted before, if the parent closure captures a field by value, and
+            // the child captures a field by ref, then for the by-move body we're
+            // generating, we also are taking that field by value. Peel off a deref,
+            // since a layer of reffing has now become redundant.
+            let final_deref = if needs_deref {
+                let Some((mir::ProjectionElem::Deref, projection)) = projection.split_first()
+                else {
+                    bug!(
+                        "There should be at least a single deref for an upvar local initialization, found {projection:#?}"
+                    );
+                };
+                // There may be more derefs, since we may also implicitly reborrow
+                // a captured mut pointer.
+                projection
+            } else {
+                projection
+            };
+
+            // The only thing that should be left is a deref, if the parent captured
+            // an upvar by-ref.
+            std::assert_matches::assert_matches!(final_deref, [] | [mir::ProjectionElem::Deref]);
+
+            // For all of the additional projections that come out of precise capturing,
+            // re-apply these projections.
+            let additional_projections =
+                additional_projections.iter().map(|elem| match elem.kind {
+                    ProjectionKind::Deref => mir::ProjectionElem::Deref,
+                    ProjectionKind::Field(idx, VariantIdx::ZERO) => {
+                        mir::ProjectionElem::Field(idx, elem.ty)
+                    }
+                    _ => unreachable!("precise captures only through fields and derefs"),
+                });
+
+            // We start out with an adjusted field index (and ty), representing the
+            // upvar that we get from our parent closure. We apply any of the additional
+            // projections to make sure that to the rest of the body of the closure, the
+            // place looks the same, and then apply that final deref if necessary.
             *place = mir::Place {
                 local: place.local,
                 projection: self.tcx.mk_place_elems_from_iter(
-                    [mir::ProjectionElem::Field(idx, peeled_ty)]
+                    [mir::ProjectionElem::Field(remapped_idx, remapped_ty)]
                         .into_iter()
-                        .chain(end.iter().copied()),
+                        .chain(additional_projections)
+                        .chain(final_deref.iter().copied()),
                 ),
             };
         }

Diff for: tests/ui/async-await/async-closures/mut-ref-reborrow.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+//@ aux-build:block-on.rs
+//@ run-pass
+//@ check-run-results
+//@ revisions: e2021 e2018
+//@[e2018] edition:2018
+//@[e2021] edition:2021
+
+#![feature(async_closure)]
+
+extern crate block_on;
+
+async fn call_once(f: impl async FnOnce()) { f().await; }
+
+pub async fn async_closure(x: &mut i32) {
+    let c = async move || {
+        *x += 1;
+    };
+    call_once(c).await;
+}
+
+fn main() {
+    block_on::block_on(async {
+        let mut x = 0;
+        async_closure(&mut x).await;
+        assert_eq!(x, 1);
+    });
+}

Diff for: tests/ui/async-await/async-closures/overlapping-projs.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+//@ aux-build:block-on.rs
+//@ edition:2021
+//@ run-pass
+//@ check-run-results
+
+#![feature(async_closure)]
+
+extern crate block_on;
+
+async fn call_once(f: impl async FnOnce()) {
+    f().await;
+}
+
+async fn async_main() {
+    let x = &mut 0;
+    let y = &mut 0;
+    let c = async || {
+        *x = 1;
+        *y = 2;
+    };
+    call_once(c).await;
+    println!("{x} {y}");
+}
+
+fn main() {
+    block_on::block_on(async_main());
+}

Diff for: tests/ui/async-await/async-closures/overlapping-projs.run.stdout

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+1 2

Diff for: tests/ui/async-await/async-closures/precise-captures.call.run.stdout

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+after call
+after await
+fixed
+uncaptured
+
+after call
+after await
+fixed
+uncaptured
+
+after call
+after await
+fixed
+uncaptured
+
+after call
+after await
+fixed
+untouched
+
+after call
+drop first
+after await
+uncaptured
+
+after call
+drop first
+after await
+uncaptured

Diff for: tests/ui/async-await/async-closures/precise-captures.call_once.run.stdout

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+after call
+after await
+fixed
+uncaptured
+
+after call
+after await
+fixed
+uncaptured
+
+after call
+fixed
+after await
+uncaptured
+
+after call
+after await
+fixed
+untouched
+
+after call
+drop first
+after await
+uncaptured
+
+after call
+drop first
+after await
+uncaptured