Avoid unnecessary arena allocations in expand_pattern().

`expand_pattern()` has two callsites. One of them needs arena
allocation, but the other does not.

This commit moves the arena allocation out of the function. This avoids
the allocation of many 4 KiB page arena chunks that only hold a single
small allocation. It reduces the number of bytes allocated by up to 2%
for various benchmarks, albeit without only a very small improvement in
runtime.

Author: nnethercote

Diff for: src/librustc_mir/hair/pattern/_match.rs

@@ -188,8 +188,8 @@ use std::ops::RangeInclusive;
 use std::u128;
 use std::convert::TryInto;
 
-pub fn expand_pattern<'a, 'tcx>(cx: &MatchCheckCtxt<'a, 'tcx>, pat: Pat<'tcx>) -> &'a Pat<'tcx> {
-    cx.pattern_arena.alloc(LiteralExpander { tcx: cx.tcx }.fold_pattern(&pat))
+pub fn expand_pattern<'a, 'tcx>(cx: &MatchCheckCtxt<'a, 'tcx>, pat: Pat<'tcx>) -> Pat<'tcx> {
+    LiteralExpander { tcx: cx.tcx }.fold_pattern(&pat)
 }
 
 struct LiteralExpander<'tcx> {

Diff for: src/librustc_mir/hair/pattern/check_match.rs

@@ -153,7 +153,8 @@ impl<'tcx> MatchVisitor<'_, 'tcx> {
                         self.tables
                     );
                     patcx.include_lint_checks();
-                    let pattern = expand_pattern(cx, patcx.lower_pattern(&pat));
+                    let pattern =
+                        cx.pattern_arena.alloc(expand_pattern(cx, patcx.lower_pattern(&pat))) as &_;
                     if !patcx.errors.is_empty() {
                         patcx.report_inlining_errors(pat.span);
                         have_errors = true;
@@ -252,8 +253,9 @@ impl<'tcx> MatchVisitor<'_, 'tcx> {
             patcx.include_lint_checks();
             let pattern = patcx.lower_pattern(pat);
             let pattern_ty = pattern.ty;
+            let pattern = expand_pattern(cx, pattern);
             let pats: Matrix<'_, '_> = vec![smallvec![
-                expand_pattern(cx, pattern)
+                &pattern
             ]].into_iter().collect();
 
             let witnesses = match check_not_useful(cx, pattern_ty, &pats) {