typeck: check for infer before type impls trait

This commit checks that the target type of the cast (an error related
to which is being reported) does not have types to be inferred before
checking if it implements the `From` trait.

Signed-off-by: David Wood <david@davidtw.co>

Author: davidtwco

Diff for: src/librustc_typeck/check/cast.rs

@@ -387,6 +387,7 @@ impl<'a, 'tcx> CastCheck<'tcx> {
                             // Check for infer types because cases like `Option<{integer}>` would
                             // panic otherwise.
                             if !expr_ty.has_infer_types()
+                                && !ty.has_infer_types()
                                 && fcx.tcx.type_implements_trait((
                                     from_trait,
                                     ty,

Diff for: src/test/ui/issues/issue-73886.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+fn main() {
+    let _ = &&[0] as &[_];
+    //~^ ERROR non-primitive cast: `&&[i32; 1]` as `&[_]`
+    let _ = 7u32 as Option<_>;
+    //~^ ERROR non-primitive cast: `u32` as `std::option::Option<_>`
+}

Diff for: src/test/ui/issues/issue-73886.stderr

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+error[E0605]: non-primitive cast: `&&[i32; 1]` as `&[_]`
+  --> $DIR/issue-73886.rs:2:13
+   |
+LL |     let _ = &&[0] as &[_];
+   |             ^^^^^^^^^^^^^ an `as` expression can only be used to convert between primitive types or to coerce to a specific trait object
+
+error[E0605]: non-primitive cast: `u32` as `std::option::Option<_>`
+  --> $DIR/issue-73886.rs:4:13
+   |
+LL |     let _ = 7u32 as Option<_>;
+   |             ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ an `as` expression can only be used to convert between primitive types or to coerce to a specific trait object
+
+error: aborting due to 2 previous errors
+
+For more information about this error, try `rustc --explain E0605`.