Auto merge of #142696 - ZuseZ4:offload-device1, r=oli-obk

Offload host2

r? `@oli-obk`

A follow-up to my previous gpu host PR. With this, I can (in theory) run a sufficiently simple Rust function on GPUs. I tested it on AMD, where the amdgcn tartget of rustc causes issues due to Addressspace castings, which might not be valid. If I (manually) fix them, I can run the generated IR on an AMD GPU. This should conceptually also work on NVIDIA or Intel. I updated the dev-guide acordingly: https://rustc-dev-guide.rust-lang.org/offload/usage.html

I am unhappy with the amount of standalone functions in my offload code, so in my second commit I bundled some of the code around two structs which are Rust versions of the LLVM/Offload structs which they represent. The structs themselves only have doc comments. Since I directly lower everything to llvm-ir I didn't saw a big value in modelling the struct member variables.

Author: bors