Unify wording of "failed to resolve" errors with "cannot find" resolution errors

compiler/rustc_resolve/src/build_reduced_graph.rs

@@ -307,9 +307,15 @@ impl<'a, 'b, 'tcx> BuildReducedGraphVisitor<'a, 'b, 'tcx> {
                     PathResult::NonModule(partial_res) => {
                         expected_found_error(partial_res.expect_full_res())
                     }
-                    PathResult::Failed { span, label, suggestion, .. } => {
-                        Err(VisResolutionError::FailedToResolve(span, label, suggestion))
-                    }
+                    PathResult::Failed {
+                        span, label, suggestion, segment_name, item_type, ..
+                    } => Err(VisResolutionError::FailedToResolve(
+                        span,
+                        segment_name,
+                        label,
+                        suggestion,
+                        item_type,
+                    )),
                     PathResult::Indeterminate => Err(VisResolutionError::Indeterminate(path.span)),
                 }
             }

compiler/rustc_resolve/src/diagnostics.rs

@@ -796,9 +796,32 @@ impl<'a, 'tcx> Resolver<'a, 'tcx> {
             ResolutionError::SelfImportOnlyInImportListWithNonEmptyPrefix => {
                 self.dcx().create_err(errs::SelfImportOnlyInImportListWithNonEmptyPrefix { span })
             }
-            ResolutionError::FailedToResolve { segment, label, suggestion, module } => {
-                let mut err =
-                    struct_span_code_err!(self.dcx(), span, E0433, "failed to resolve: {label}");
+            ResolutionError::FailedToResolve { segment, label, suggestion, module, item_type } => {
+                let mut err = struct_span_code_err!(
+                    self.dcx(),
+                    span,
+                    E0433,
+                    "cannot find {item_type} `{segment}` in {}",
+                    match module {
+                        Some(ModuleOrUniformRoot::CurrentScope) | None => "this scope".to_string(),
+                        Some(ModuleOrUniformRoot::Module(module)) => {
+                            match module.kind {
+                                ModuleKind::Def(_, _, name) if name == kw::Empty => {
+                                    "the crate root".to_string()
+                                }
+                                ModuleKind::Def(kind, def_id, name) => {
+                                    format!("{} `{name}`", kind.descr(def_id))
+                                }
+                                ModuleKind::Block => "this scope".to_string(),
+                            }
+                        }
+                        Some(ModuleOrUniformRoot::CrateRootAndExternPrelude) => {
+                            "the crate root or the list of imported crates".to_string()
+                        }
+                        Some(ModuleOrUniformRoot::ExternPrelude) =>
+                            "the list of imported crates".to_string(),
+                    },
+                );
                 err.span_label(span, label);
 
                 if let Some((suggestions, msg, applicability)) = suggestion {
@@ -811,7 +834,6 @@ impl<'a, 'tcx> Resolver<'a, 'tcx> {
 
                 if let Some(ModuleOrUniformRoot::Module(module)) = module
                     && let Some(module) = module.opt_def_id()
-                    && let Some(segment) = segment
                 {
                     self.find_cfg_stripped(&mut err, &segment, module);
                 }
@@ -998,10 +1020,18 @@ impl<'a, 'tcx> Resolver<'a, 'tcx> {
             VisResolutionError::AncestorOnly(span) => {
                 self.dcx().create_err(errs::AncestorOnly(span))
             }
-            VisResolutionError::FailedToResolve(span, label, suggestion) => self.into_struct_error(
+            VisResolutionError::FailedToResolve(span, segment, label, suggestion, item_type) => {
+                self.into_struct_error(
                     span,
-                ResolutionError::FailedToResolve { segment: None, label, suggestion, module: None },
-            ),
+                    ResolutionError::FailedToResolve {
+                        segment,
+                        label,
+                        suggestion,
+                        module: None,
+                        item_type,
+                    },
+                )
+            }
             VisResolutionError::ExpectedFound(span, path_str, res) => {
                 self.dcx().create_err(errs::ExpectedModuleFound { span, res, path_str })
             }

compiler/rustc_resolve/src/ident.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 use rustc_ast::{self as ast, NodeId};
-use rustc_errors::ErrorGuaranteed;
+use rustc_errors::{Applicability, ErrorGuaranteed};
 use rustc_hir::def::{DefKind, Namespace, NonMacroAttrKind, PartialRes, PerNS};
 use rustc_middle::bug;
 use rustc_middle::ty;
@@ -1483,9 +1483,42 @@ impl<'a, 'tcx> Resolver<'a, 'tcx> {
                             continue;
                         }
                     }
-                    return PathResult::failed(ident, false, finalize.is_some(), module, || {
-                        ("there are too many leading `super` keywords".to_string(), None)
-                    });
+                    let mut item_type = "module";
+                    if path.len() == 1
+                        && let Some(ribs) = ribs
+                        && let RibKind::Normal = ribs[ValueNS][ribs[ValueNS].len() - 1].kind
+                    {
+                        item_type = "item";
+                    }
+                    return PathResult::failed(
+                        ident,
+                        false,
+                        finalize.is_some(),
+                        module,
+                        || {
+                            let mut suggestion = None;
+                            let label = if path.len() == 1
+                                && let Some(ribs) = ribs
+                                && let RibKind::Normal = ribs[ValueNS][ribs[ValueNS].len() - 1].kind
+                            {
+                                suggestion = Some((
+                                    vec![(ident.span.shrink_to_lo(), "r#".to_string())],
+                                    "if you still want to call your identifier `super`, use the \
+                                     raw identifier format"
+                                        .to_string(),
+                                    Applicability::MachineApplicable,
+                                ));
+                                "can't use `super` as an identifier"
+                            } else if segment_idx == 0 {
+                                "can't use `super` on the crate root, there are no further modules \
+                                 to go \"up\" to"
+                            } else {
+                                "there are too many leading `super` keywords"
+                            };
+                            (label.to_string(), suggestion)
+                        },
+                        item_type,
+                    );
                 }
                 if segment_idx == 0 {
                     if name == kw::SelfLower {
@@ -1517,7 +1550,12 @@ impl<'a, 'tcx> Resolver<'a, 'tcx> {
 
             // Report special messages for path segment keywords in wrong positions.
             if ident.is_path_segment_keyword() && segment_idx != 0 {
-                return PathResult::failed(ident, false, finalize.is_some(), module, || {
+                return PathResult::failed(
+                    ident,
+                    false,
+                    finalize.is_some(),
+                    module,
+                    || {
                         let name_str = if name == kw::PathRoot {
                             "crate root".to_string()
                         } else {
@@ -1529,7 +1567,9 @@ impl<'a, 'tcx> Resolver<'a, 'tcx> {
                             format!("{name_str} in paths can only be used in start position")
                         };
                         (label, None)
-                });
+                    },
+                    "module",
+                );
             }
 
             let binding = if let Some(module) = module {
@@ -1625,6 +1665,7 @@ impl<'a, 'tcx> Resolver<'a, 'tcx> {
                                 );
                                 (label, None)
                             },
+                            "module",
                         );
                     }
                 }
@@ -1639,7 +1680,12 @@ impl<'a, 'tcx> Resolver<'a, 'tcx> {
                         }
                     }
 
-                    return PathResult::failed(ident, is_last, finalize.is_some(), module, || {
+                    return PathResult::failed(
+                        ident,
+                        is_last,
+                        finalize.is_some(),
+                        module,
+                        || {
                             self.report_path_resolution_error(
                                 path,
                                 opt_ns,
@@ -1650,7 +1696,13 @@ impl<'a, 'tcx> Resolver<'a, 'tcx> {
                                 segment_idx,
                                 ident,
                             )
-                    });
+                        },
+                        match opt_ns {
+                            Some(ValueNS) if path.len() == 1 => "item or value",
+                            Some(ns) if path.len() - 1 == segment_idx => ns.descr(),
+                            Some(_) | None => "item",
+                        },
+                    );
                 }
             }
         }

compiler/rustc_resolve/src/imports.rs

@@ -900,16 +900,18 @@ impl<'a, 'tcx> Resolver<'a, 'tcx> {
                 label,
                 suggestion,
                 module,
+                item_type,
             } => {
                 if no_ambiguity {
                     assert!(import.imported_module.get().is_none());
                     self.report_error(
                         span,
                         ResolutionError::FailedToResolve {
-                            segment: Some(segment_name),
+                            segment: segment_name,
                             label,
                             suggestion,
                             module,
+                            item_type,
                         },
                     );
                 }

compiler/rustc_resolve/src/late.rs

@@ -4312,14 +4312,16 @@ impl<'a: 'ast, 'b, 'ast, 'tcx> LateResolutionVisitor<'a, 'b, 'ast, 'tcx> {
                 suggestion,
                 module,
                 segment_name,
+                item_type,
             } => {
                 return Err(respan(
                     span,
                     ResolutionError::FailedToResolve {
-                        segment: Some(segment_name),
+                        segment: segment_name,
                         label,
                         suggestion,
                         module,
+                        item_type,
                     },
                 ));
             }

compiler/rustc_resolve/src/lib.rs

@@ -228,10 +228,11 @@ enum ResolutionError<'a> {
     SelfImportOnlyInImportListWithNonEmptyPrefix,
     /// Error E0433: failed to resolve.
     FailedToResolve {
-        segment: Option<Symbol>,
+        segment: Symbol,
         label: String,
         suggestion: Option<Suggestion>,
         module: Option<ModuleOrUniformRoot<'a>>,
+        item_type: &'static str,
     },
     /// Error E0434: can't capture dynamic environment in a fn item.
     CannotCaptureDynamicEnvironmentInFnItem,
@@ -288,7 +289,7 @@ enum ResolutionError<'a> {
 enum VisResolutionError<'a> {
     Relative2018(Span, &'a ast::Path),
     AncestorOnly(Span),
-    FailedToResolve(Span, String, Option<Suggestion>),
+    FailedToResolve(Span, Symbol, String, Option<Suggestion>, &'static str),
     ExpectedFound(Span, String, Res),
     Indeterminate(Span),
     ModuleOnly(Span),
@@ -430,6 +431,7 @@ enum PathResult<'a> {
         module: Option<ModuleOrUniformRoot<'a>>,
         /// The segment name of target
         segment_name: Symbol,
+        item_type: &'static str,
     },
 }
 
@@ -440,6 +442,7 @@ impl<'a> PathResult<'a> {
         finalize: bool,
         module: Option<ModuleOrUniformRoot<'a>>,
         label_and_suggestion: impl FnOnce() -> (String, Option<Suggestion>),
+        item_type: &'static str,
     ) -> PathResult<'a> {
         let (label, suggestion) =
             if finalize { label_and_suggestion() } else { (String::new(), None) };
@@ -450,6 +453,7 @@ impl<'a> PathResult<'a> {
             suggestion,
             is_error_from_last_segment,
             module,
+            item_type,
         }
     }
 }

compiler/rustc_resolve/src/macros.rs

@@ -862,8 +862,15 @@ impl<'a, 'tcx> Resolver<'a, 'tcx> {
                 ),
                 path_res @ (PathResult::NonModule(..) | PathResult::Failed { .. }) => {
                     let mut suggestion = None;
-                    let (span, label, module) =
-                        if let PathResult::Failed { span, label, module, .. } = path_res {
+                    let (span, label, module, segment, item_type) = if let PathResult::Failed {
+                        span,
+                        label,
+                        module,
+                        segment_name,
+                        item_type,
+                        ..
+                    } = path_res
+                    {
                         // try to suggest if it's not a macro, maybe a function
                         if let PathResult::NonModule(partial_res) =
                             self.maybe_resolve_path(&path, Some(ValueNS), &parent_scope)
@@ -881,7 +888,7 @@ impl<'a, 'tcx> Resolver<'a, 'tcx> {
                                 Applicability::MaybeIncorrect,
                             ));
                         }
-                            (span, label, module)
+                        (span, label, module, segment_name, item_type)
                     } else {
                         (
                             path_span,
@@ -891,15 +898,18 @@ impl<'a, 'tcx> Resolver<'a, 'tcx> {
                                 kind.descr()
                             ),
                             None,
+                            path.last().map(|segment| segment.ident.name).unwrap(),
+                            "macro",
                         )
                     };
                     self.report_error(
                         span,
                         ResolutionError::FailedToResolve {
-                            segment: path.last().map(|segment| segment.ident.name),
+                            segment,
                             label,
                             suggestion,
                             module,
+                            item_type,
                         },
                     );
                 }

src/tools/clippy/tests/ui/crashes/unreachable-array-or-slice.stderr

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-error[E0433]: failed to resolve: `Self` is only available in impls, traits, and type definitions
+error[E0433]: cannot find item `Self` in this scope
   --> tests/ui/crashes/unreachable-array-or-slice.rs:4:9
    |
 LL |     let Self::anything_here_kills_it(a, b, ..) = Foo(5, 5, 5, 5);

tests/rustdoc-ui/intra-doc/unresolved-import-recovery.rs

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 // Regression test for issue #95879.
 
-use unresolved_crate::module::Name; //~ ERROR failed to resolve
+use unresolved_crate::module::Name; //~ ERROR cannot find item
 
 /// [Name]
 pub struct S;

tests/rustdoc-ui/intra-doc/unresolved-import-recovery.stderr

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-error[E0433]: failed to resolve: maybe a missing crate `unresolved_crate`?
+error[E0433]: cannot find item `unresolved_crate` in the crate root
   --> $DIR/unresolved-import-recovery.rs:3:5
    |
 LL | use unresolved_crate::module::Name;

tests/rustdoc-ui/issues/issue-61732.rs

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
 // This previously triggered an ICE.
 
 pub(in crate::r#mod) fn main() {}
-//~^ ERROR failed to resolve: maybe a missing crate `r#mod`
+//~^ ERROR cannot find item `mod`

tests/rustdoc-ui/issues/issue-61732.stderr

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-error[E0433]: failed to resolve: maybe a missing crate `r#mod`?
+error[E0433]: cannot find item `mod` in this scope
   --> $DIR/issue-61732.rs:3:15
    |
 LL | pub(in crate::r#mod) fn main() {}

tests/ui/attributes/field-attributes-vis-unresolved.rs

@@ -14,12 +14,12 @@ mod internal {
 
 struct S {
     #[rustfmt::skip]
-    pub(in nonexistent) field: u8 //~ ERROR failed to resolve
+    pub(in nonexistent) field: u8 //~ ERROR cannot find item `nonexistent` in this scope
 }
 
 struct Z(
     #[rustfmt::skip]
-    pub(in nonexistent) u8 //~ ERROR failed to resolve
+    pub(in nonexistent) u8 //~ ERROR cannot find item `nonexistent` in this scope
 );
 
 fn main() {}

tests/ui/attributes/field-attributes-vis-unresolved.stderr

@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
-error[E0433]: failed to resolve: maybe a missing crate `nonexistent`?
+error[E0433]: cannot find item `nonexistent` in this scope
   --> $DIR/field-attributes-vis-unresolved.rs:17:12
    |
 LL |     pub(in nonexistent) field: u8
    |            ^^^^^^^^^^^ maybe a missing crate `nonexistent`?
    |
    = help: consider adding `extern crate nonexistent` to use the `nonexistent` crate
 
-error[E0433]: failed to resolve: maybe a missing crate `nonexistent`?
+error[E0433]: cannot find item `nonexistent` in this scope
   --> $DIR/field-attributes-vis-unresolved.rs:22:12
    |
 LL |     pub(in nonexistent) u8