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src/diagnostics.md

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@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ codes.
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The descriptions are written in markdown, and all of them are linked in the
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[`librustc_error_codes`] crate.
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<!-- TODO: When should an error use an error code, and when shouldn't it? -->
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TODO: When should an error use an error code, and when shouldn't it?
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[`librustc_error_codes`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/nightly-rustc/rustc_error_codes/error_codes/index.html
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[error index]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/error-index.html
@@ -82,11 +82,12 @@ The descriptions are written in markdown, and all of them are linked in the
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### Lints versus fixed diagnostics
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Some messages are emitted via [lints](#lints), where the user can control the
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level. Some are hard-coded such that the user cannot control the level.
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level. Most diagnostics are hard-coded such that the user cannot control the
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level.
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Hard-coded warnings should be avoided for normal code, preferring to use lints
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instead. Some cases, such as warnings with CLI flags will require the use of
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hard-coded warnings.
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Hard-coded warnings (those using the `span_warn` methods) should be avoided
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for normal code, preferring to use lints instead. Some cases, such as warnings
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with CLI flags, will require the use of hard-coded warnings.
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See the `deny` [lint level](#diagnostic-levels) below for guidelines when to
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use an error-level lint instead of a fixed error.
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flag. That said, don't make it so terse that it's hard to understand.
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- The word "illegal" is illegal. Prefer "invalid" or a more specific word
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instead.
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- Errors should document the span of code where they occur – the `librustc_errors::diagnostic_builder::DiagnosticBuilder` `span_*`
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- Errors should document the span of code where they occur – the
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[`rustc_errors::diagnostic_builder::DiagnosticBuilder`][diagbuild] `span_*`
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methods allow to easily do this. Also `note` other spans that have
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contributed to the error if the span isn't too large.
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- When emitting a message with span, try to reduce the span to the smallest
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amount possible that still signifies the issue
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- Try not to emit multiple error messages for the same error. This may require
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detecting duplicates.
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- When the compiler has too little information for a specific error message,
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lobby for annotations for library code that allow adding more. For example
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see [`#[rustc_on_unimplemented]`](#rustc_on_unimplemented). Use these
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consult with the compiler team to add new attributes for library code that
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allow adding more information. For example see
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[`#[rustc_on_unimplemented]`](#rustc_on_unimplemented). Use these
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annotations when available!
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- Keep in mind that Rust's learning curve is rather steep, and that the
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compiler messages are an important learning tool.
@@ -183,9 +186,13 @@ Guidelines for different diagnostic levels:
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rustfmt.
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- `help`: emitted following an `error` or `warning` to give additional
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information to the user about how to solve their problem. The error or
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warning portion should *not* suggest how to fix the problem, only the "help"
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sub-diagnostic should.
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information to the user about how to solve their problem. These messages
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often include a suggestion string and [`rustc_errors::Applicability`]
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confidence level to guide automated source fixes by tools. See the
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[Suggestions](#suggestions) section for more details.
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The error or warning portion should *not* suggest how to fix the problem,
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only the "help" sub-diagnostic should.
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- `note`: emitted to identify additional circumstances and parts of the code
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that caused the warning or error. For example, the borrow checker will note
@@ -215,6 +222,7 @@ Not to be confused with *lint levels*, whose guidelines are:
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More information about lint levels can be found in the [rustc
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book][rustc-lint-levels] and the [reference][reference-diagnostics].
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[`rustc_errors::Applicability`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/nightly-rustc/rustc_errors/enum.Applicability.html
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[reference-diagnostics]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/reference/attributes/diagnostics.html#lint-check-attributes
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[rustc-lint-levels]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/rustc/lints/levels.html
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