Functional Programming 1.ipynb

{
 "cells": [
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 1,
   "id": "87c9ac1b",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'\\nData ->\\n    - Mutate\\n    - How?\\n'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 1,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "'''\n",
    "Data ->\n",
    "    - Mutate\n",
    "    - How?\n",
    "'''"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "45e94c7f",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# Lamba Functions"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 3,
   "id": "68e32b75",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def square_number(a):\n",
    "    return a ** 2"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 4,
   "id": "d6b4a3f2",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "square_number_2 = lambda a : a ** 2"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 5,
   "id": "b73f1133",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "25"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 5,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "square_number(5)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 6,
   "id": "5364d529",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "25"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 6,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "square_number_2(5)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 7,
   "id": "2bea76c0",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "function"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 7,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "type(square_number)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 8,
   "id": "3f1a4753",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "function"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 8,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "type(square_number_2)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 9,
   "id": "b877ad3d",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# Lambda Functions can be anonymous"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 10,
   "id": "1beade86",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "25"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 10,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "(lambda a : a ** 2)(5)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 11,
   "id": "c0aed7a3",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "13"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 11,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "(lambda x, y : x + y)(6, 7)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 12,
   "id": "05152ffa",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "[1, 4, 9, 16, 25]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 12,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "(lambda a : [i ** 2 for i in range(1, a + 1)])(5)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 14,
   "id": "32ce0157",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'big'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 14,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "(lambda x : \"small\" if x < 50 else \"big\")(75)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 15,
   "id": "c997fa81",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "a = [1,5,7,2,3,4,10,6]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 16,
   "id": "c1496423",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 10]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 16,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "sorted(a)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 17,
   "id": "d34d6e71",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "students = [\n",
    "    {\"name\": \"A\", \"marks\": 50},\n",
    "    {\"name\": \"B\", \"marks\": 100},\n",
    "    {\"name\": \"C\", \"marks\": 40},\n",
    "    {\"name\": \"D\", \"marks\": 70},\n",
    "    {\"name\": \"E\", \"marks\": 60}\n",
    "]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 18,
   "id": "9afb1d26",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "ename": "TypeError",
     "evalue": "'>' not supported between instances of 'dict' and 'dict'",
     "output_type": "error",
     "traceback": [
      "\u001b[0;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[0m",
      "\u001b[0;31mTypeError\u001b[0m                                 Traceback (most recent call last)",
      "Cell \u001b[0;32mIn[18], line 1\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m----> 1\u001b[0m \u001b[43m{\u001b[49m\u001b[38;5;124;43m\"\u001b[39;49m\u001b[38;5;124;43mname\u001b[39;49m\u001b[38;5;124;43m\"\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43m:\u001b[49m\u001b[43m \u001b[49m\u001b[38;5;124;43m\"\u001b[39;49m\u001b[38;5;124;43mA\u001b[39;49m\u001b[38;5;124;43m\"\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43m,\u001b[49m\u001b[43m \u001b[49m\u001b[38;5;124;43m\"\u001b[39;49m\u001b[38;5;124;43mmarks\u001b[39;49m\u001b[38;5;124;43m\"\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43m:\u001b[49m\u001b[43m \u001b[49m\u001b[38;5;241;43m50\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43m}\u001b[49m\u001b[43m \u001b[49m\u001b[38;5;241;43m>\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43m \u001b[49m\u001b[43m{\u001b[49m\u001b[38;5;124;43m\"\u001b[39;49m\u001b[38;5;124;43mname\u001b[39;49m\u001b[38;5;124;43m\"\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43m:\u001b[49m\u001b[43m \u001b[49m\u001b[38;5;124;43m\"\u001b[39;49m\u001b[38;5;124;43mB\u001b[39;49m\u001b[38;5;124;43m\"\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43m,\u001b[49m\u001b[43m \u001b[49m\u001b[38;5;124;43m\"\u001b[39;49m\u001b[38;5;124;43mmarks\u001b[39;49m\u001b[38;5;124;43m\"\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43m:\u001b[49m\u001b[43m \u001b[49m\u001b[38;5;241;43m100\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43m}\u001b[49m\n",
      "\u001b[0;31mTypeError\u001b[0m: '>' not supported between instances of 'dict' and 'dict'"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "{\"name\": \"A\", \"marks\": 50} > {\"name\": \"B\", \"marks\": 100}"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 19,
   "id": "811580fb",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "ename": "TypeError",
     "evalue": "'<' not supported between instances of 'dict' and 'dict'",
     "output_type": "error",
     "traceback": [
      "\u001b[0;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[0m",
      "\u001b[0;31mTypeError\u001b[0m                                 Traceback (most recent call last)",
      "Cell \u001b[0;32mIn[19], line 1\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m----> 1\u001b[0m \u001b[38;5;28;43msorted\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43m(\u001b[49m\u001b[43mstudents\u001b[49m\u001b[43m)\u001b[49m\n",
      "\u001b[0;31mTypeError\u001b[0m: '<' not supported between instances of 'dict' and 'dict'"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "sorted(students)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 20,
   "id": "4270f661",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "ename": "TypeError",
     "evalue": "'>' not supported between instances of 'dict' and 'dict'",
     "output_type": "error",
     "traceback": [
      "\u001b[0;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[0m",
      "\u001b[0;31mTypeError\u001b[0m                                 Traceback (most recent call last)",
      "Cell \u001b[0;32mIn[20], line 1\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m----> 1\u001b[0m \u001b[43mstudents\u001b[49m\u001b[43m[\u001b[49m\u001b[38;5;241;43m0\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43m]\u001b[49m\u001b[43m \u001b[49m\u001b[38;5;241;43m>\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43m \u001b[49m\u001b[43mstudents\u001b[49m\u001b[43m[\u001b[49m\u001b[38;5;241;43m1\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43m]\u001b[49m\n",
      "\u001b[0;31mTypeError\u001b[0m: '>' not supported between instances of 'dict' and 'dict'"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "students[0] > students[1]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 23,
   "id": "ea0e72d2",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "False"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 23,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "students[0][\"marks\"] > students[1][\"marks\"]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 24,
   "id": "5769ce26",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "sorted?"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 27,
   "id": "ef4a28e3",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "[{'name': 'C', 'marks': 40},\n",
       " {'name': 'A', 'marks': 50},\n",
       " {'name': 'E', 'marks': 60},\n",
       " {'name': 'D', 'marks': 70},\n",
       " {'name': 'B', 'marks': 100}]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 27,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "sorted(\n",
    "    students,\n",
    "    key = lambda x: x[\"marks\"],\n",
    ")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 28,
   "id": "b56d0950",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "a = [-3, 5, -4, -1, 0, 2, 8, 7, -9, 1]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 29,
   "id": "507f14b0",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "[-9, -4, -3, -1, 0, 1, 2, 5, 7, 8]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 29,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "sorted(a)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 32,
   "id": "ffbacebd",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "[0, -1, 1, 2, -3, -4, 5, 7, 8, -9]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 32,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "sorted(a, key = lambda x: x ** 2)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 33,
   "id": "48d59611",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'\\nHOMEWORK ->\\nImplement the key functionality in your Bubble Sort code.\\n'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 33,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "'''\n",
    "HOMEWORK ->\n",
    "Implement the key functionality in your Bubble Sort code.\n",
    "'''"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "79bc3c65",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# Higher Order Functions"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 34,
   "id": "874e461a",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def gen_exp(n):\n",
    "    def exp(x):\n",
    "        return x ** n\n",
    "    \n",
    "    return exp"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 35,
   "id": "2089dc29",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "exp_5 = gen_exp(5)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 36,
   "id": "6dd811c4",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "function"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 36,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "type(exp_5)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 38,
   "id": "28e02a2f",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "32"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 38,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "exp_5(2)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 39,
   "id": "4138f670",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "exp_10 = gen_exp(10)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 41,
   "id": "6047a050",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "1024"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 41,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "exp_10(2)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 42,
   "id": "3571c09c",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def outer(n):\n",
    "    x = lambda y : y ** n\n",
    "    \n",
    "    return x"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 43,
   "id": "32a79ec5",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def hello():\n",
    "    print(\"Hello everyone. How are you?\")\n",
    "    \n",
    "def bye():\n",
    "    print(\"Bye everyone. Hope you have a good day!\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 45,
   "id": "7c70bf45",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Bye everyone. Hope you have a good day!\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "bye()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 46,
   "id": "68c10fb8",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def beautiful_hello():\n",
    "    print(\"-\" * 50)\n",
    "    print(\"Hello everyone. How are you?\")\n",
    "    print(\"-\" * 50)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 47,
   "id": "1ec3140e",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "--------------------------------------------------\n",
      "Hello everyone. How are you?\n",
      "--------------------------------------------------\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "beautiful_hello()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 48,
   "id": "df209e0f",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Bye everyone. Hope you have a good day!\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "bye()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 49,
   "id": "9a43d9d6",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def pretty(func):\n",
    "    def inner():\n",
    "        print(\"-\" * 50) # Some code before\n",
    "        func()\n",
    "        print(\"-\" * 50) # Some code after\n",
    "        \n",
    "    return inner"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 50,
   "id": "c90d373c",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Hello everyone. How are you?\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "hello()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 51,
   "id": "14c7c9eb",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Bye everyone. Hope you have a good day!\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "bye()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 52,
   "id": "d8080a5e",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "hello_new = pretty(hello)\n",
    "bye_new = pretty(bye)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 53,
   "id": "3654b83a",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "--------------------------------------------------\n",
      "Hello everyone. How are you?\n",
      "--------------------------------------------------\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "hello_new()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 54,
   "id": "b18c202f",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "--------------------------------------------------\n",
      "Bye everyone. Hope you have a good day!\n",
      "--------------------------------------------------\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "bye_new()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 55,
   "id": "315da79f",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "@pretty # name of the decorator\n",
    "def what():\n",
    "    print(\"What the hell is this magic?\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 56,
   "id": "5ac294e1",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "--------------------------------------------------\n",
      "What the hell is this magic?\n",
      "--------------------------------------------------\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "what()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "id": "890802da",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  }
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