print() function.md

Blog 3

print() function in python 3 is amazing function , here is official documentation of that

very basic thing you can do with it is printing strings,variables,list,tuples,dictionaries,sets,numbers etc. for example

L=[1,2,3,4]
t=(1,2,3,4)
d={1:'a' , 2:'b' , 3:'c' , 4:'d'}
s={4,5,6}
var= 'x y z'


print('hello world')
# output: hello world
print(var)
# output: x y z
print(L)
# output: [1, 2, 3, 4]
print(t)
# output: (1, 2, 3, 4)
print(d)
# output: {1: 'a', 2: 'b', 3: 'c', 4: 'd'}
print(s)
# output: {4, 5, 6}
print(1,2,3)
# output: 1 2 3

these are very basic example of using print statements

then more arguments of print statements are sep='' and end=''

''' here is how sep and end works '''

for i in range(10):
    print(i,end='')
  
#output : 0123456789

''' end is the separation between two
    consecutive prints or two rounds of print '''

for i in range(10):
    print(i,end='\n')
  
#output :
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9


''' also similarly sep can be used like '''

for i in range(4):
    for j in 'abc':
        print(i,j,sep=' ')
        
        
#output :
0 a
0 b
0 c
1 a
1 b
1 c
2 a
2 b
2 c
3 a
3 b
3 c

these are more known and in-general use cases but print function also has a unique ability that is to converts list,set,tuple or dictionary items to independent entites and then printing then

for example if i have a tuple t=(1,2,3,4) and i want to print something like 1+2+3+4

a very naive approach of mine would be usine loops

op=''  # string to store output

t=(1,2,3,4)

for i,j in enumerate(t):
    if i != (len(t)-1) :
        op += str(j)+'+'  # if index is not the last then add the number and the + sign  
    else:
        op += str(j)   #otherwise add only number to string
        
print(op)

# output : 1+2+3+4

Note:

in above code if you dont know about enumerate() function , you can look upto it about on google or official documentation also I have a separate blog on that too

the above given way using loops is although very naive way, there is also one another method that is ''.join() method here is official documentation ref for ''.join() method, it is a string method and not an independent function

how that works is it joins any iterable(lists,sets,tuples,dicts) with given argument in ''

t=(1,2,3,4)

'''
However , to use .join(), iterable should have string elements so 
you have two methods to covert it from int to str type

1. List comprehensions  and
2. map() functions

'''


####### USING LIST COMPREHESIONS #######

t= [str(x) for x in t]
print( ''.join(t) )

# output : 1+2+3+4



####### USING MAP() #######

t=(1,2,3,4)
t=map(lambda x :str(x), t)
print('+'.join(list(t)))

# output : 1+2+3+4
        

Also there is one last (and suitable to title ) method , using print

'''
in any function say add()
*L , where L stands for list , works as each element in independent way,
so to print `1+2+3+4` using print statements only

we can use sep
'''
t=(1,2,3,4)

print(*t,sep='+')

# output : 1+2+3+4

'''
also in this method you dont need type conversions, 
although it must have been done internally by the function

and in addition if you want to print some pattern like `1,2,3,4.`

it can be also done using code below
'''


t=(1,2,3,4)

print(*t,sep=',',end='.')

# output : 1,2,3,4.

also after all this you have a new way of printing all list,set,tuple elements in newline each without using loops

Li = list(range(10))

print(*Li,sep='\n')

'''
output : 
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
'''