+jacobian option for optimizers & service functions

[bob-carpenter]

Summary:

Add options to include Jacobian correction for optimizers and related service functions in order to allow max a posteriori (MAP) estimates as well as the existing penalized maximum likelihood estimates (MLE).

Description:

• Add a boolean template parameter jacobian to each of the optimizers in src/stan/optimization at the entry point for the optimization service functions; a value of true uses Jacobian and value of false turns off Jacobian adjustments; this should be the final template parameter and should default to false.

• Add a boolean template parameter jacobian to the optimization service functions in src/stan/services; a value of true uses Jacobian adjustment and value of false turns it off; this should be the final template parameter and default to false. The value set here should be passed as a template parameter to the optimization functions.

Current Output:

Hard codes the Jacobian turned off.

Expected Output:

MLE or MAP estimates as specified.

Additional Information:

By making the new template parameter the last in the chain, this should be backward compatible.

Current Version:

v2.30.0

[WardBrian]

Closed by #3152