train.py

# Copyright 2025 The TensorFlow Authors. All Rights Reserved.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.

"""Train and evaluate the Ranking model."""

from typing import Dict

from absl import app
from absl import flags
from absl import logging

import tensorflow as tf, tf_keras

from official.common import distribute_utils
from official.core import base_trainer
from official.core import train_lib
from official.core import train_utils
from official.recommendation.ranking import common
from official.recommendation.ranking.task import RankingTask
from official.utils.misc import keras_utils

FLAGS = flags.FLAGS


class RankingTrainer(base_trainer.Trainer):
  """A trainer for Ranking Model.

  The RankingModel has two optimizers for embedding and non embedding weights.
  Overriding `train_loop_end` method to log learning rates for each optimizer.
  """

  def train_loop_end(self) -> Dict[str, float]:
    """See base class."""
    self.join()
    logs = {}
    for metric in self.train_metrics + [self.train_loss]:
      logs[metric.name] = metric.result()
      metric.reset_states()

    for i, optimizer in enumerate(self.optimizer.optimizers):
      lr_key = f'{type(optimizer).__name__}_{i}_learning_rate'
      if callable(optimizer.learning_rate):
        logs[lr_key] = optimizer.learning_rate(self.global_step)
      else:
        logs[lr_key] = optimizer.learning_rate
    return logs


def main(_) -> None:
  """Train and evaluate the Ranking model."""
  params = train_utils.parse_configuration(FLAGS)
  mode = FLAGS.mode
  model_dir = FLAGS.model_dir
  if 'train' in FLAGS.mode:
    # Pure eval modes do not output yaml files. Otherwise continuous eval job
    # may race against the train job for writing the same file.
    train_utils.serialize_config(params, model_dir)

  if FLAGS.seed is not None:
    logging.info('Setting tf seed.')
    tf.random.set_seed(FLAGS.seed)

  task = RankingTask(
      params=params.task,
      trainer_config=params.trainer,
      logging_dir=model_dir,
      steps_per_execution=params.trainer.steps_per_loop,
      name='RankingTask')

  enable_tensorboard = params.trainer.callbacks.enable_tensorboard

  strategy = distribute_utils.get_distribution_strategy(
      distribution_strategy=params.runtime.distribution_strategy,
      all_reduce_alg=params.runtime.all_reduce_alg,
      num_gpus=params.runtime.num_gpus,
      tpu_address=params.runtime.tpu)

  with strategy.scope():
    model = task.build_model()

  def get_dataset_fn(params):
    return lambda input_context: task.build_inputs(params, input_context)

  train_dataset = None
  if 'train' in mode:
    train_dataset = strategy.distribute_datasets_from_function(
        get_dataset_fn(params.task.train_data),
        options=tf.distribute.InputOptions(experimental_fetch_to_device=False))

  validation_dataset = None
  if 'eval' in mode:
    validation_dataset = strategy.distribute_datasets_from_function(
        get_dataset_fn(params.task.validation_data),
        options=tf.distribute.InputOptions(experimental_fetch_to_device=False))

  if params.trainer.use_orbit:
    with strategy.scope():
      checkpoint_exporter = train_utils.maybe_create_best_ckpt_exporter(
          params, model_dir)
      trainer = RankingTrainer(
          config=params,
          task=task,
          model=model,
          optimizer=model.optimizer,
          train='train' in mode,
          evaluate='eval' in mode,
          train_dataset=train_dataset,
          validation_dataset=validation_dataset,
          checkpoint_exporter=checkpoint_exporter)

    train_lib.run_experiment(
        distribution_strategy=strategy,
        task=task,
        mode=mode,
        params=params,
        model_dir=model_dir,
        trainer=trainer)

  else:  # Compile/fit
    checkpoint = tf.train.Checkpoint(model=model, optimizer=model.optimizer)

    latest_checkpoint = tf.train.latest_checkpoint(model_dir)
    if latest_checkpoint:
      checkpoint.restore(latest_checkpoint)
      logging.info('Loaded checkpoint %s', latest_checkpoint)

    checkpoint_manager = tf.train.CheckpointManager(
        checkpoint,
        directory=model_dir,
        max_to_keep=params.trainer.max_to_keep,
        step_counter=model.optimizer.iterations,
        checkpoint_interval=params.trainer.checkpoint_interval)
    checkpoint_callback = keras_utils.SimpleCheckpoint(checkpoint_manager)

    time_callback = keras_utils.TimeHistory(
        params.task.train_data.global_batch_size,
        params.trainer.time_history.log_steps,
        logdir=model_dir if enable_tensorboard else None)
    callbacks = [checkpoint_callback, time_callback]

    if enable_tensorboard:
      tensorboard_callback = tf_keras.callbacks.TensorBoard(
          log_dir=model_dir,
          update_freq=min(1000, params.trainer.validation_interval),
          profile_batch=FLAGS.profile_steps)
      callbacks.append(tensorboard_callback)

    num_epochs = (params.trainer.train_steps //
                  params.trainer.validation_interval)
    current_step = model.optimizer.iterations.numpy()
    initial_epoch = current_step // params.trainer.validation_interval

    eval_steps = params.trainer.validation_steps if 'eval' in mode else None

    if mode in ['train', 'train_and_eval']:
      logging.info('Training started')
      history = model.fit(
          train_dataset,
          initial_epoch=initial_epoch,
          epochs=num_epochs,
          steps_per_epoch=params.trainer.validation_interval,
          validation_data=validation_dataset,
          validation_steps=eval_steps,
          callbacks=callbacks,
      )
      model.summary()
      logging.info('Train history: %s', history.history)
    elif mode == 'eval':
      logging.info('Evaluation started')
      validation_output = model.evaluate(validation_dataset, steps=eval_steps)
      logging.info('Evaluation output: %s', validation_output)
    else:
      raise NotImplementedError('The mode is not implemented: %s' % mode)


if __name__ == '__main__':
  logging.set_verbosity(logging.INFO)
  common.define_flags()
  app.run(main)