Add feature to support platforms without atomic CAS (#467)

Author: taiki-e

.github/workflows/ci.yml

@@ -127,6 +127,25 @@ jobs:
       - name: Test
         run: cargo test --target ${{ matrix.target }}
 
+  # Build for no_std environment.
+  no-std:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - name: Install Rust
+        run: rustup update stable
+      - name: Install cargo-hack
+        uses: taiki-e/install-action@cargo-hack
+      # thumbv6m-none-eabi supports atomic, but not atomic CAS.
+      # thumbv7m-none-eabi supports atomic CAS.
+      - run: rustup target add thumbv6m-none-eabi thumbv7m-none-eabi
+      # * --optional-deps is needed for serde feature
+      # * --no-dev-deps is needed to avoid https://github.com/rust-lang/cargo/issues/4866
+      - run: cargo hack build --target thumbv7m-none-eabi --feature-powerset --skip std,default --optional-deps --no-dev-deps
+      # A sound way to provide atomic CAS on platforms without native atomic CAS is system-dependent.
+      # portable-atomic provides major ways via cfgs and accepts user-defined implementations via critical-section feature.
+      - run: cargo hack build --target thumbv6m-none-eabi --feature-powerset --skip std,default --optional-deps --no-dev-deps --features extra-platforms,extra-platforms/critical-section
+
   # Sanitizers
   tsan:
     name: tsan

Cargo.toml

@@ -24,6 +24,11 @@ std = []
 
 [dependencies]
 serde = { version = "1.0.60", optional = true, default-features = false, features = ["alloc"] }
+# Use portable-atomic crate to support platforms without atomic CAS.
+# See "no_std support" section in readme for more information.
+#
+# Enable require-cas feature to provide a better error message if the end user forgets to use the cfg or feature.
+extra-platforms = { package = "portable-atomic", version = "1.3", optional = true, default-features = false, features = ["require-cas"] }
 
 [dev-dependencies]
 serde_test = "1.0"

README.md

@@ -27,6 +27,21 @@ Next, add this to your crate:
 use bytes::{Bytes, BytesMut, Buf, BufMut};
 ```
 
+## no_std support
+
+To use `bytes` with no_std environment, disable the (enabled by default) `std` feature.
+
+```toml
+[dependencies]
+bytes = { version = "1", default-features = false }
+```
+
+To use `bytes` with no_std environment without atomic CAS, such as thumbv6m, you also need to enable
+the `extra-platforms` feature. See the [documentation for the `portable-atomic`
+crate](https://docs.rs/portable-atomic) for more information.
+
+The MSRV when `extra-platforms` feature is enabled depends on the MSRV of `portable-atomic`.
+
 ## Serde support
 
 Serde support is optional and disabled by default. To enable use the feature `serde`.
@@ -36,6 +51,8 @@ Serde support is optional and disabled by default. To enable use the feature `se
 bytes = { version = "1", features = ["serde"] }
 ```
 
+The MSRV when `serde` feature is enabled depends on the MSRV of `serde`.
+
 ## Building documentation
 
 When building the `bytes` documentation the `docsrs` option should be used, otherwise

ci/test-stable.sh

@@ -16,7 +16,10 @@ if [[ "${RUST_VERSION}" == "nightly"* ]]; then
     cargo check --benches
 
     # Check minimal versions
-    cargo clean
-    cargo update -Zminimal-versions
+    # Remove dev-dependencies from Cargo.toml to prevent the next `cargo update`
+    # from determining minimal versions based on dev-dependencies.
+    cargo hack --remove-dev-deps --workspace
+    # Update Cargo.lock to minimal version dependencies.
+    cargo update -Z minimal-versions
     cargo check --all-features
 fi

src/buf/chain.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 use crate::buf::{IntoIter, UninitSlice};
-use crate::{Buf, BufMut, Bytes};
+use crate::{Buf, BufMut};
 
 #[cfg(feature = "std")]
 use std::io::IoSlice;
@@ -169,7 +169,7 @@ where
         n
     }
 
-    fn copy_to_bytes(&mut self, len: usize) -> Bytes {
+    fn copy_to_bytes(&mut self, len: usize) -> crate::Bytes {
         let a_rem = self.a.remaining();
         if a_rem >= len {
             self.a.copy_to_bytes(len)

src/buf/take.rs

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-use crate::{Buf, Bytes};
+use crate::Buf;
 
 use core::cmp;
 
@@ -148,7 +148,7 @@ impl<T: Buf> Buf for Take<T> {
         self.limit -= cnt;
     }
 
-    fn copy_to_bytes(&mut self, len: usize) -> Bytes {
+    fn copy_to_bytes(&mut self, len: usize) -> crate::Bytes {
         assert!(len <= self.remaining(), "`len` greater than remaining");
 
         let r = self.inner.copy_to_bytes(len);

src/loom.rs

@@ -1,7 +1,10 @@
 #[cfg(not(all(test, loom)))]
 pub(crate) mod sync {
     pub(crate) mod atomic {
+        #[cfg(not(feature = "extra-platforms"))]
         pub(crate) use core::sync::atomic::{AtomicPtr, AtomicUsize, Ordering};
+        #[cfg(feature = "extra-platforms")]
+        pub(crate) use extra_platforms::{AtomicPtr, AtomicUsize, Ordering};
 
         pub(crate) trait AtomicMut<T> {
             fn with_mut<F, R>(&mut self, f: F) -> R