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confuzz.h
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/*======================================================================
* confuzz.h
*======================================================================
* Functions for the generation of random numbers.
*----------------------------------------------------------------------
* Author: William Breathitt Gray
* Date: October 18, 2012
* Version: 1.0
* License: Simplified BSD License
*
* Language: C
* Standard: C99
* Doc System: Doxygen
*----------------------------------------------------------------------
* Copyright (c) 2012, William Breathitt Gray
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
* are met:
*
* 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
*
* 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
* the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
* distribution.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
* "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
* LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS
* FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
* COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
* INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING,
* BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS
* OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED
* AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
* LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY
* WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
* POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
*======================================================================
*======================================================================
*/
/**
* @file
* Functions for the generation of random numbers.
*
* @author William Breathitt Gray
* @date October 18, 2012
* @version 1.0
* @copyright Simplified BSD License
*/
#ifndef CONFUZZ_H
#define CONFUZZ_H
/**
* Returns a pseudo-random integral number in the range [0, ceiling).
*
* If the value of the standard C library rand function is modded by a
* ceiling value that does not divide evenly into (RAND_MAX + 1), then
* the distribution will no longer be uniform, since rand is powered by
* a linear congruential generator; the rand_ceiling fucntion tries to
* account for this caveat.
*
* @param ceiling a range ceiling less than (RAND_MAX + 1)
*
* @return a pseudo-random integral number in the range [0, ceiling)
*
* @sa rand
* @sa http://www.azillionmonkeys.com/qed/random.html
*/
unsigned rand_ceiling(unsigned ceiling);
/**
* Generates a portable seed from the system time for the standard C
* library srand function.
*
* A common method to seed the standard C library srand function is to
* simply pass in a value returned by the standard C library time
* function. However, while the time function returns a value of type
* time_t, the srand function expects an argument of type unsigned int.
* This results in a portability issue since a cast from an
* implementation-defined type (time_t) to a native C type (unsigned
* int) is not guranteed to result in a distinct meaningful value; for
* example, an implementation might define such casts to consistently
* result in a value of 0, thereby eliminating the uniqueness expected
* when supplying the system time as a seed. By hashing the time_t value
* via type punning, a portable method of generating a seed from the
* system time for the standard C library srand function is achieved.
*
* @return a seed generated from the system time for the standard C
* library srand function
*
* @sa srand, time
* @sa http://eternallyconfuzzled.com/arts/jsw_art_rand.aspx
*/
unsigned int time_seed();
#endif