This is a supporting package for skia-safe, which provides safe Rust bindings to the Skia Graphics Library.
This package contains three components.
- First, full configuration and build support for Skia in
build.rs
andbuild_support/
. - Additional C bindings to help out bindgen with stuff it has problems with or to work around linker errors. These are
src/bindings.cpp
, andsrc/shaper.cpp
. - And a number of functions that are used to download prebuilt binaries.
Building Skia is quite exceptional, a number of prerequisites need to be available and configured properly for the target platform.
To configure and build Skia, build_support/skia.rs
does all the hard work: it pulls depot_tools/
and skia/
from Google's repositories and a number of additional dependencies by executing skia/tools/git-sync-deps
with Python. After that, it configures Skia with Google's GN tool, and finally builds it by giving control to the ninja
executable from the depot_tools/
package.
src/bindings.rs
and src/shaper.cpp
contain the C++ code that Rust needs to interact with Skia's codebase. These files are processed by the Rust's binding generator that uses libclang for the layout computation and also compiled by clang.
If both steps went well, the resulting Rust binding code is written to src/bindings.rs
, and the skia-bindings
library is found in the output directory alongside where Skia was built previously.
By default, and for performance reasons, Skia is built in release mode even when cargo creates debug output. Skia debug builds can be enabled only by explicitly setting the environment variable SKIA_DEBUG=1
.
Because building Skia and creating the bindings is slow and depend on a number of components that lie outside the Rust ecosystem, we decided to experiment with prebuilt binaries.
Whenever a new version of rust-skia
is built from the release
branch on our CI server, the resulting Skia library, skia-bindings
library, and bindings.rs
are uploaded to the releases tab of the skia-binaries repository.
And whenever the build script detects that skia-bindings
is built from inside a crate and a prebuilt archive is available that matches the repository's hash, platform, and features, it downloads the package, unpacks it, and skips the full build step of Skia and the bindings.
On some systems, the bundled ninja
and gn
executables may not work (as is on NixOS.) To remedy
this, the executables used can be set using the following environment variables:
Variable | Description | Default |
---|---|---|
SKIA_NINJA_COMMAND |
The ninja command to run. It can be either a command name or an absolute path. |
ninja by default, ninja.exe on Windows |
SKIA_GN_COMMAND |
The gn command to run. It can be either a command name or a path that starts at Skia's source directory. |
bin/gn |
In some cases, one may wish to provide an alternate Skia source directory. This can be achieved by
setting SKIA_SOURCE_DIR
, which must be an absolute path to a Skia source directory with all
dependencies.
By default, numerous libraries Skia depends upon are built in addition to Skia itself. In the event that this is not wanted (say, if the crate is being built as part of a package's build routine,) this behavior can be disabled by setting the SKIA_USE_SYSTEM_LIBRARIES
environment variable.
Also note that there is one exception here. FreeType is only embedded on Android platforms by default. If your platform does not support a more recent FreeType version, skia-bindings must be built with the feature embed-freetype
.
Besides of the features gl
, vulkan
, metal
, and textlayout
that can be directly specified when the package is added as a cargo dependency, the Skia build can be customized further in build.rs
by adjusting one of two structs that are defined in build_support/skia.rs
:
This struct represents the top level build configuration for skia-bindings
and contains a number of individual feature flags.
The FinalBuildConfiguration
is created from the BuildConfiguration
and contains name value pairs used by GN to parameterize the Skia build and preprocessor defines used to create the src/bindings.rs
file and the skia-bindings
library.