Space Weather in GRIB2

[efucile]

Summary and purpose

The document proposes a methodology for reporting space weather in GRIB2.

Action proposed

The team is requested to approve the contents for validation and to consider the proposal for possible inclusion in November 2019 fast-track (FT2019-2).

Please note that it might be worthwhile to include the WMO IPT-SWeISS (Inter- Programme Team on Space Weather Information, System and Services) group for further review and discussions.

Discussions

At the IPET-DRC-II in Brasilia (August 2010), the team discussed ideas for the representation of space weather in GRIB2. This was initiated by a topical paper from the U.S., and the results are documented in item 2.3.11 of the final report from the meeting.

In accordance with the guidance provided by IPET-DRC-II, the NCEP Space Weather Prediction Center (SWPC) has worked closely with UK Met Office (UKMO) and US Air Force over the year 2010/2011 to develop a formal proposal for validation. Some validations were made, but then the validation process stopped and the proposal was withdrawn at the IPET-DRMM-II meeting in College Park in 2014.

Based on the increased relevance of space weather products and services in aviation and with respect to related ICAO and WMO activities in establishing global space weather centres, Ms Sibylle Krebber, DWD in cooperation with German Aerospace Centre (DLR) proposed the revision and extension of the GRIB2 data. The final goal is to harmonize space weather and meteorological data bases to foster inter-operability of the existing complex systems using the GRIB2 format.

It was suggested this issue should be raised to the CGMS Coordination Group on Space Weather, which will hold a meeting in May 2019, for their feedback, and IPET-SWeISS. IPET-CM will come back to this issue to reflect their feedback in the proposal.

In this context, a staff member of the Secretariat, who is supporting aviation issues of CAeM and ICAO, expressed by email that there is no ICAO aeronautical requirement in GRIB2 code form for the space weather advisory information in support of international air navigation to be made available to aviation end users. Rather, the required format of the space weather advisory information is: 1) abbreviated plain language; and 2) IWXXM GML (ICAO meteorological information exchange model, geography mark-up language).

The meeting noted the comment from the Secretariat and highlighted that the proposal is at the moment for voluntary production (Cat. 1d) by space weather centres, which use other formats, and hopefully become a standard in the future.

The meeting agreed the renaming of entry 3, Space product, in Code table 0.0 and the new unit in C-6 for FT2019-2 as in the Annex to this paragraph, and rest will be reviewed by CGMS and IPT-SWeISS. If validation is achieved by the end of June 2019, the proposal will be in FT2019-2

Detailed proposal

Reference document https://wmoomm.sharepoint.com/:w:/s/wmocpdb/EacdCFJIooVKhLy3Up8iOWEBUdwiiELorJE-kCLGGTiRJQ?e=f4nCvc

Reference meeting page: https://community.wmo.int/activity-areas/wmo-codes/meetings/ipet-cm-iii

[efucile]

@jbathegit and @SibylleK can you please check that this was completed? This is what the meeting report says.

The meeting agreed the renaming of entry 3, Space product, in Code table 0.0 and the new unit in C-6 for FT2019-2 as in the Annex to this paragraph, and rest will be reviewed by CGMS and IPT-SWeISS. If validation is achieved by the end of June 2019, the proposal will be in FT2019-2

[SibylleK]

The proposal was reviewed by CGMS and IPT-SWeISS (in November 2019).
There was no objection to the proposal and "the rest" was included in FT2020-1.
The new space weather entries in GRIB2 become operational next month.

[sebvi]

I believe this was completed, we can close this issue

[amilan17]

The space weather codes were never published in the PDF manual.

[amilan17]

Code table 3.2

• change name to 'Shape of the reference system'
• add code figure 10 and 11

Shape of the reference system		10		Earth model assumed WGS84 with corrected geomagnetic coordinates (latitude and longitude) defined by Gustafsson et al., 1992
Shape of the reference system		11		Sun assumed spherical with radius = 695,990,000 m (Allen, C.W., 1976 Astrophysical Quantities (3rd Ed.; London: Athlone) and Stonyhurst latitude and longitude system with origin at the intersection of the solar central meridian (as seen from Earth) and the solar equator (Thompson, W, Coordinate systems for solar image data, A&A 449, 791–803 (2006))

[amilan17]

Code table 4.5

Fixed surface types and units		26-29		Reserved
Fixed surface types and units		30		Specified radius from the center of the Sun	m
Fixed surface types and units		31		Solar photosphere
Fixed surface types and units		32		Ionospheric D-region level
Fixed surface types and units		33		Ionospheric E-region level
Fixed surface types and units		34		Ionospheric F1-region level
Fixed surface types and units		35		Ionospheric F2-region level
Fixed surface types and units		36-99		Reserved
Fixed surface types and units		100		Isobaric surface

[amilan17]

Code table 4.1 - Product discipline 4 - Space weather products

Parameter category by product discipline	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products	0		Temperature
Parameter category by product discipline	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products	1		Momentum
Parameter category by product discipline	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products	2		Charged particle mass and number
Parameter category by product discipline	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products	3		Electric and magnetic fields
Parameter category by product discipline	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products	4		Energetic particles
Parameter category by product discipline	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products	5		Waves
Parameter category by product discipline	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products	6		Solar electromagnetic emissions
Parameter category by product discipline	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products	7		Terrestrial electromagnetic emissions
Parameter category by product discipline	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products	8		Imagery
Parameter category by product discipline	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products	9		Ion-neutral coupling
Parameter category by product discipline	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products	10		Space weather indices
Parameter category by product discipline	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products	11-191		Reserved
Parameter category by product discipline	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products	192-254		Reserved for local use
Parameter category by product discipline	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products	255		Missing

[amilan17]

Code table 4.2 - Product discipline 4, parameter categories 0 - 10

Parameter number by product discipline and parameter category	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products, parameter category 0: temperature	0		Temperature		K
Parameter number by product discipline and parameter category	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products, parameter category 0: temperature	1		Electron temperature		K
Parameter number by product discipline and parameter category	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products, parameter category 0: temperature	2		Proton temperature		K
Parameter number by product discipline and parameter category	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products, parameter category 0: temperature	3		Ion temperature		K
Parameter number by product discipline and parameter category	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products, parameter category 0: temperature	4		Parallel temperature		K
Parameter number by product discipline and parameter category	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products, parameter category 0: temperature	5		Perpendicular temperature		K
Parameter number by product discipline and parameter category	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products, parameter category 0: temperature	6-191		Reserved
Parameter number by product discipline and parameter category	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products, parameter category 0: temperature	192-254		Reserved for local use
Parameter number by product discipline and parameter category	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products, parameter category 0: temperature	255		Missing
Parameter number by product discipline and parameter category	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products, parameter category 1: momentum	0		Velocity magnitude (speed)		m s-1
Parameter number by product discipline and parameter category	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products, parameter category 1: momentum	1		1st vector component of velocity (coordinate system dependent)		m s-1
Parameter number by product discipline and parameter category	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products, parameter category 1: momentum	2		2nd vector component of velocity (coordinate system dependent)		m s-1
Parameter number by product discipline and parameter category	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products, parameter category 1: momentum	3		3rd vector component of velocity (coordinate system dependent)		m s-1
Parameter number by product discipline and parameter category	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products, parameter category 1: momentum	4-191		Reserved
Parameter number by product discipline and parameter category	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products, parameter category 1: momentum	192-254		Reserved for local use
Parameter number by product discipline and parameter category	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products, parameter category 1: momentum	255		Missing
Parameter number by product discipline and parameter category	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products, parameter category 2: charged particle mass and number	0		Particle number density		m-3
Parameter number by product discipline and parameter category	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products, parameter category 2: charged particle mass and number	1		Electron density		m-3
Parameter number by product discipline and parameter category	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products, parameter category 2: charged particle mass and number	2		Proton density		m-3
Parameter number by product discipline and parameter category	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products, parameter category 2: charged particle mass and number	3		Ion density		m-3
Parameter number by product discipline and parameter category	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products, parameter category 2: charged particle mass and number	4		Vertical total electron content		TECU
Parameter number by product discipline and parameter category	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products, parameter category 2: charged particle mass and number	5		HF absorption frequency		Hz
Parameter number by product discipline and parameter category	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products, parameter category 2: charged particle mass and number	6		HF absorption		dB
Parameter number by product discipline and parameter category	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products, parameter category 2: charged particle mass and number	7		Spread F		m
Parameter number by product discipline and parameter category	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products, parameter category 2: charged particle mass and number	8		h’		m
Parameter number by product discipline and parameter category	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products, parameter category 2: charged particle mass and number	9		Critical frequency		Hz
Parameter number by product discipline and parameter category	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products, parameter category 2: charged particle mass and number	10		Maximal usable frequency (MUF)		Hz
Parameter number by product discipline and parameter category	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products, parameter category 2: charged particle mass and number	11		Peak height (hm)		m
Parameter number by product discipline and parameter category	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products, parameter category 2: charged particle mass and number	12		Peak density (Nm)		m-3
Parameter number by product discipline and parameter category	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products, parameter category 2: charged particle mass and number	13		Equivalent slab thickness (tau)		km
Parameter number by product discipline and parameter category	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products, parameter category 2: charged particle mass and number	14-191		Reserved
Parameter number by product discipline and parameter category	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products, parameter category 2: charged particle mass and number	192-254		Reserved for local use
Parameter number by product discipline and parameter category	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products, parameter category 2: charged particle mass and number	255		Missing
Parameter number by product discipline and parameter category	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products, parameter category 3: electric and magnetic fields	0		Magnetic field magnitude		T
Parameter number by product discipline and parameter category	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products, parameter category 3: electric and magnetic fields	1		1st vector component of magnetic field		T
Parameter number by product discipline and parameter category	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products, parameter category 3: electric and magnetic fields	2		2nd vector component of magnetic field		T
Parameter number by product discipline and parameter category	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products, parameter category 3: electric and magnetic fields	3		3rd vector component of magnetic field		T
Parameter number by product discipline and parameter category	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products, parameter category 3: electric and magnetic fields	4		Electric field magnitude		V m-1
Parameter number by product discipline and parameter category	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products, parameter category 3: electric and magnetic fields	5		1st vector component of electric field		V m-1
Parameter number by product discipline and parameter category	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products, parameter category 3: electric and magnetic fields	6		2nd vector component of electric field		V m-1
Parameter number by product discipline and parameter category	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products, parameter category 3: electric and magnetic fields	7		3rd vector component of electric field		V m-1
Parameter number by product discipline and parameter category	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products, parameter category 3: electric and magnetic fields	8-191		Reserved
Parameter number by product discipline and parameter category	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products, parameter category 3: electric and magnetic fields	192-254		Reserved for local use
Parameter number by product discipline and parameter category	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products, parameter category 3: electric and magnetic fields	255		Missing
Parameter number by product discipline and parameter category	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products, parameter category 4: energetic particles	0		Proton flux (differential)		(m2 s sr eV)-1
Parameter number by product discipline and parameter category	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products, parameter category 4: energetic particles	1		Proton flux (integral)		(m2 s sr )-1
Parameter number by product discipline and parameter category	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products, parameter category 4: energetic particles	2		Electron flux (differential)		(m2 s sr eV)-1
Parameter number by product discipline and parameter category	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products, parameter category 4: energetic particles	3		Electron flux (integral)		(m2 s sr)-1
Parameter number by product discipline and parameter category	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products, parameter category 4: energetic particles	4		Heavy ion flux (differential)		(m2 s sr eV/nuc)-1
Parameter number by product discipline and parameter category	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products, parameter category 4: energetic particles	5		Heavy ion flux (integral)		(m2 s sr)-1
Parameter number by product discipline and parameter category	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products, parameter category 4: energetic particles	6		Cosmic ray neutron flux		/h
Parameter number by product discipline and parameter category	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products, parameter category 4: energetic particles	7-191		Reserved
Parameter number by product discipline and parameter category	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products, parameter category 4: energetic particles	192-254		Reserved for local use
Parameter number by product discipline and parameter category	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products, parameter category 4: energetic particles	255		Missing
Parameter number by product discipline and parameter category	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products, parameter category 5: waves	0		Amplitude		dB
Parameter number by product discipline and parameter category	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products, parameter category 5: waves	1		Phase		rad
Parameter number by product discipline and parameter category	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products, parameter category 5: waves	2		Frequency		Hz
Parameter number by product discipline and parameter category	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products, parameter category 5: waves	3		Wave length		m
Parameter number by product discipline and parameter category	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products, parameter category 5: waves	4-191		Reserved
Parameter number by product discipline and parameter category	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products, parameter category 5: waves	192-254		Reserved for local use
Parameter number by product discipline and parameter category	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products, parameter category 5: waves	255		Missing
Parameter number by product discipline and parameter category	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products, parameter category 6: solar electromagnetic emissions	0		Integrated solar irradiance		W m-2
Parameter number by product discipline and parameter category	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products, parameter category 6: solar electromagnetic emissions	1		Solar X-ray flux (XRS long)		W m-2
Parameter number by product discipline and parameter category	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products, parameter category 6: solar electromagnetic emissions	2		Solar X-ray flux (XRS short)		W m-2
Parameter number by product discipline and parameter category	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products, parameter category 6: solar electromagnetic emissions	3		Solar EUV irradiance		W m-2
Parameter number by product discipline and parameter category	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products, parameter category 6: solar electromagnetic emissions	4		Solar spectral irradiance		W m-2 nm-1
Parameter number by product discipline and parameter category	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products, parameter category 6: solar electromagnetic emissions	5		F10.7		W m-2 Hz-1
Parameter number by product discipline and parameter category	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products, parameter category 6: solar electromagnetic emissions	6		Solar radio emissions		W m-2 Hz-1
Parameter number by product discipline and parameter category	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products, parameter category 6: solar electromagnetic emissions	7-191		Reserved
Parameter number by product discipline and parameter category	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products, parameter category 6: solar electromagnetic emissions	192-254		Reserved for local use
Parameter number by product discipline and parameter category	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products, parameter category 6: solar electromagnetic emissions	255		Missing
Parameter number by product discipline and parameter category	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products, parameter category 7: terrestrial electromagnetic emissions	0		Limb intensity		J m-2 s-1
Parameter number by product discipline and parameter category	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products, parameter category 7: terrestrial electromagnetic emissions	1		Disk intensity		J m-2 s-1
Parameter number by product discipline and parameter category	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products, parameter category 7: terrestrial electromagnetic emissions	2		Disk intensity day		J m-2 s-1
Parameter number by product discipline and parameter category	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products, parameter category 7: terrestrial electromagnetic emissions	3		Disk intensity night		J m-2 s-1
Parameter number by product discipline and parameter category	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products, parameter category 7: terrestrial electromagnetic emissions	4-191		Reserved
Parameter number by product discipline and parameter category	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products, parameter category 7: terrestrial electromagnetic emissions	192-254		Reserved for local use
Parameter number by product discipline and parameter category	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products, parameter category 7: terrestrial electromagnetic emissions	255		Missing
Parameter number by product discipline and parameter category	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products, parameter category 8: imagery	0		X-ray radiance		W sr-1 m-2
Parameter number by product discipline and parameter category	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products, parameter category 8: imagery	1		EUV radiance		W sr-1 m-2
Parameter number by product discipline and parameter category	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products, parameter category 8: imagery	2		H-alpha radiance		W sr-1 m-2
Parameter number by product discipline and parameter category	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products, parameter category 8: imagery	3		White light radiance		W sr-1 m-2
Parameter number by product discipline and parameter category	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products, parameter category 8: imagery	4		CaII-K radiance		W sr-1 m-2
Parameter number by product discipline and parameter category	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products, parameter category 8: imagery	5		White light coronagraph radiance		W sr-1 m-2
Parameter number by product discipline and parameter category	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products, parameter category 8: imagery	6		Heliospheric radiance		W sr-1 m-2
Parameter number by product discipline and parameter category	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products, parameter category 8: imagery	7		Thematic mask		Numeric
Parameter number by product discipline and parameter category	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products, parameter category 8: imagery	8-191		Reserved
Parameter number by product discipline and parameter category	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products, parameter category 8: imagery	192-254		Reserved for local use
Parameter number by product discipline and parameter category	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products, parameter category 8: imagery	255		Missing
Parameter number by product discipline and parameter category	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products, parameter category 9: ion-neutral coupling	0		Pedersen conductivity		S m-1
Parameter number by product discipline and parameter category	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products, parameter category 9: ion-neutral coupling	1		Hall conductivity		S m-1
Parameter number by product discipline and parameter category	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products, parameter category 9: ion-neutral coupling	2		Parallel conductivity		S m-1
Parameter number by product discipline and parameter category	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products, parameter category 9: ion-neutral coupling	3-191		Reserved
Parameter number by product discipline and parameter category	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products, parameter category 9: ion-neutral coupling	192-254		Reserved for local use
Parameter number by product discipline and parameter category	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products, parameter category 9: ion-neutral coupling	255		Missing
Parameter number by product discipline and parameter category	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products, parameter category 10: space weather indices	0		Scintillation index (sigma phi)		rad
Parameter number by product discipline and parameter category	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products, parameter category 10: space weather indices	1		Scintillation index S4		Numeric
Parameter number by product discipline and parameter category	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products, parameter category 10: space weather indices	2		Rate of Change of TEC Index (ROTI)		TECU/min
Parameter number by product discipline and parameter category	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products, parameter category 10: space weather indices	3		Disturbance Ionosphere Index Spatial Gradient (DIXSG)		Numeric
Parameter number by product discipline and parameter category	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products, parameter category 10: space weather indices	4		Along Arc TEC Rate (AATR)		TECU/min
Parameter number by product discipline and parameter category	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products, parameter category 10: space weather indices	5		Kp		Numeric
Parameter number by product discipline and parameter category	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products, parameter category 10: space weather indices	6		Equatorial disturbance storm time index (Dst)		nT
Parameter number by product discipline and parameter category	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products, parameter category 10: space weather indices	7		Auroral Electrojet (AE)		nT
Parameter number by product discipline and parameter category	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products, parameter category 10: space weather indices	8-191		Reserved
Parameter number by product discipline and parameter category	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products, parameter category 10: space weather indices	192-254		Reserved for local use
Parameter number by product discipline and parameter category	Product discipline 4 - Space weather products, parameter category 10: space weather indices	255		Missing