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[java-source-utils] Add Java source code utilities (#623)
Context: https://github.com/javaparser/javaparser/tree/javaparser-parent-3.16.1 Context: #623 There are two parts of the current `.jar` binding toolchain which are painful and could be improved: 1. Parameter names 2. Documentation extraction Parameter names (1) are important because they become the names of event members as part of ["event-ification"][0]. As such they are semantically important, and the default behavior of "p0" makes for a terrible user experience. *If* the `.class` files in the `.jar` file are built with `javac -parameters` (4273e5c), then the `.class` file will contain parameter names and we're good. However, this may not be the case. If the `.class` files are built with `javac -g`, then we'll try to deduce parameter names from debug info, but that's also problematic. What else can be used to provide parameter names? It is not unusual for Java libraries to provide "source `.jar`" files, e.g. Android provides `android-stubs-src.jar` files, and other libraries may provide a `*-sources.jar` file. The contents of these files are *Java source code*. These files are used by Android IDEs to provide documentation for the Java library. They contain classes, methods, parameter names, and associated Javadoc documentation. What they are *not* guaranteed to do is *compile*. As such, we can't compile them ourselves with `javac -parameters` and then process the `.class` files, as they may refer to unresolvable types. "Interestingly", we *already* have some tooling to deal with this: `tools/param-name-importer` uses a custom Irony grammar to parse the Android SDK `*-stubs-src.jar` files to grab parameter names. However, this tooling is *too strict*; try to pass arbitrary Java source code at it, and it quickly fails. Which brings us to documentation (2): we have a [javadoc2mdoc][1] tool which will parse Javadoc HTML documentation and convert it into [**mdoc**(5)][2] documentation, which can be later turned into [XML documentation comments][3] files by way of [**mdoc export-msxdoc**(1)][4], but this tool is (1) painful to maintain, because it processes Javadoc *HTML*, and (2) *requires Javadoc HTML*. Google hasn't updated their downloadable Javadoc `.zip` file since API-24 (2016-October). API-30 is currently stable. If we want newer docs, we either need to scrape the developer.android.com/reference website to use with the existing tooling, or... we need to be able to read the Javadoc comments within the `*-stubs-src.jar` files provided with the Android SDK. (Note: Android SDK docs are Apache 2; file format conversion is fine.) We thus have two use-cases for which parsing Java source code would be useful. As luck would have it, there's a decent Apache 2-licensed Java project which supports parsing Java source code: [JavaParser][5]. Add a new `tools/java-source-utils` program which will parse Java source code to produce two artifacts: parameter names and consolidated Javadoc documentation: $ java -jar java-source-utils.jar --help java-source-utils [-v] [<-a|--aar> AAR]* [<-j|--jar> JAR]* [<-s|--source> DIRS]* [--bootclasspath CLASSPATH] [<-P|--output-params> OUT.params.txt] [<-D|--output-javadoc> OUT.xml] FILES Provide `--output-params OUT.params.txt`, and the specified file will be created which follows the file format laid out in [`JavaParameterNamesLoader.cs`][6]: package java.lang ;--------------------------------------- class Object wait(long timeout) Provide `--output-javadoc api-javadocs.xml`, and the resulting file will be a `class-parse`-like XML file which uses `//@jni-signature` as the "key" and a child `<javadoc/>` element to contain docs, e.g.: <api api-source="java-source-utils"> <package name="java.lang"> <class name="Object" jni-signature="Ljava/lang/Object;"> <javadoc>…</javadoc> <constructor jni-signature="()V"> <javadoc>…</javadoc> </constructor> <method name="wait" jni-signature="(J)V" jni-returns="V" returns="void"> <parameter name="name" jni-type="J" type="long" /> <javadoc>…</javadoc> </method> </class> </package </api> This should make it possible to update the Xamarin.Android API documentation without resorting to web scraping (and updating the code to deal with whatever new HTML dialects are now used). If neither `--output-params` nor `--output-javadocs` is used, then `--output-javadocs` will be executed, writing to stdout. The XML file *also* contains parameter name information, so that one file can be the "source of truth" for parameter names and documentation. `FILES` can be: * Java source code in a `.java` file; or * A file with a `.jar` or `.zip` extension, which will be extracted into a temp directory and all `.java` files within the directory will be processed; or * A directory tree, and all `.java` files will be processed. If a single file references other types, the "root" directory containing those types may need to be specified via `--source DIR`: $ java -jar "bin/Debug/java-source-utils.jar" -v \ -s $HOMEandroid-toolchain/sdk/platforms/_t \ $HOME/android-toolchain/sdk/platforms/_t/android/app/Activity.java \ -P android.params.txt -D android-javadocs.xml >o.txt 2>&1 TODO: In some scenarios, types won't be resolvable. What should output be? We don't want to *require* that everything be resolvable -- it's painful, and possibly impossible, e.g. w/ internal types -- so instead we should "demark" the unresolvable types. `.params.txt` output will use `.*` as a type prefix, e.g. method(.*UnresolvableType foo, int bar); `docs.xml` will output `L.*UnresolvableType;`. Fix JavaParameterNamesLoader.cs to support the above. [0]: https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/xamarin/android/internals/api-design#events-and-listeners [1]: https://github.com/xamarin/xamarin-android/tree/d48cf04f9749664bf48fc16bcb920d5d941cccab/tools/javadoc2mdoc [2]: http://docs.go-mono.com/?link=man%3amdoc(5) [3]: https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/csharp/programming-guide/xmldoc/ [4]: http://docs.go-mono.com/?link=man%3amdoc-export-msxdoc(1) [5]: https://javaparser.org [6]: https://github.com/xamarin/java.interop/blob/93df5a200e7b6f1b5add451aff66bbcb24293720/src/Xamarin.Android.Tools.Bytecode/JavaParameterNamesLoader.cs#L45-L68
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