mm/page_alloc.c: make sure OOM victim can try allocations with no wat…

…ermarks once

Roman Gushchin has reported that the OOM killer can trivially selects next
OOM victim when a thread doing memory allocation from page fault path was
selected as first OOM victim.

----------
[   25.721494] allocate invoked oom-killer: gfp_mask=0x14280ca(GFP_HIGHUSER_MOVABLE|__GFP_ZERO), nodemask=(null),  order=0, oom_score_adj=0
[   25.725658] allocate cpuset=/ mems_allowed=0
[   25.727033] CPU: 1 PID: 492 Comm: allocate Not tainted 4.12.0-rc1-mm1+ torvalds#181
[   25.729215] Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS Ubuntu-1.8.2-1ubuntu1 04/01/2014
[   25.729598] Call Trace:
[   25.729598]  dump_stack+0x63/0x82
[   25.729598]  dump_header+0x97/0x21a
[   25.729598]  ? do_try_to_free_pages+0x2d7/0x360
[   25.729598]  ? security_capable_noaudit+0x45/0x60
[   25.729598]  oom_kill_process+0x219/0x3e0
[   25.729598]  out_of_memory+0x11d/0x480
[   25.729598]  __alloc_pages_slowpath+0xc84/0xd40
[   25.729598]  __alloc_pages_nodemask+0x245/0x260
[   25.729598]  alloc_pages_vma+0xa2/0x270
[   25.729598]  __handle_mm_fault+0xca9/0x10c0
[   25.729598]  handle_mm_fault+0xf3/0x210
[   25.729598]  __do_page_fault+0x240/0x4e0
[   25.729598]  trace_do_page_fault+0x37/0xe0
[   25.729598]  do_async_page_fault+0x19/0x70
[   25.729598]  async_page_fault+0x28/0x30
(...snipped...)
[   25.781882] Out of memory: Kill process 492 (allocate) score 899 or sacrifice child
[   25.783874] Killed process 492 (allocate) total-vm:2052368kB, anon-rss:1894576kB, file-rss:4kB, shmem-rss:0kB
[   25.785680] allocate: page allocation failure: order:0, mode:0x14280ca(GFP_HIGHUSER_MOVABLE|__GFP_ZERO), nodemask=(null)
[   25.786797] allocate cpuset=/ mems_allowed=0
[   25.787246] CPU: 1 PID: 492 Comm: allocate Not tainted 4.12.0-rc1-mm1+ torvalds#181
[   25.787935] Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS Ubuntu-1.8.2-1ubuntu1 04/01/2014
[   25.788867] Call Trace:
[   25.789119]  dump_stack+0x63/0x82
[   25.789451]  warn_alloc+0x114/0x1b0
[   25.789451]  __alloc_pages_slowpath+0xd32/0xd40
[   25.789451]  __alloc_pages_nodemask+0x245/0x260
[   25.789451]  alloc_pages_vma+0xa2/0x270
[   25.789451]  __handle_mm_fault+0xca9/0x10c0
[   25.789451]  handle_mm_fault+0xf3/0x210
[   25.789451]  __do_page_fault+0x240/0x4e0
[   25.789451]  trace_do_page_fault+0x37/0xe0
[   25.789451]  do_async_page_fault+0x19/0x70
[   25.789451]  async_page_fault+0x28/0x30
(...snipped...)
[   25.810868] oom_reaper: reaped process 492 (allocate), now anon-rss:0kB, file-rss:0kB, shmem-rss:0kB
(...snipped...)
[   25.817589] allocate invoked oom-killer: gfp_mask=0x0(), nodemask=(null),  order=0, oom_score_adj=0
[   25.818821] allocate cpuset=/ mems_allowed=0
[   25.819259] CPU: 1 PID: 492 Comm: allocate Not tainted 4.12.0-rc1-mm1+ torvalds#181
[   25.819847] Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS Ubuntu-1.8.2-1ubuntu1 04/01/2014
[   25.820549] Call Trace:
[   25.820733]  dump_stack+0x63/0x82
[   25.820961]  dump_header+0x97/0x21a
[   25.820961]  ? security_capable_noaudit+0x45/0x60
[   25.820961]  oom_kill_process+0x219/0x3e0
[   25.820961]  out_of_memory+0x11d/0x480
[   25.820961]  pagefault_out_of_memory+0x68/0x80
[   25.820961]  mm_fault_error+0x8f/0x190
[   25.820961]  ? handle_mm_fault+0xf3/0x210
[   25.820961]  __do_page_fault+0x4b2/0x4e0
[   25.820961]  trace_do_page_fault+0x37/0xe0
[   25.820961]  do_async_page_fault+0x19/0x70
[   25.820961]  async_page_fault+0x28/0x30
(...snipped...)
[   25.863078] Out of memory: Kill process 233 (firewalld) score 10 or sacrifice child
[   25.863634] Killed process 233 (firewalld) total-vm:246076kB, anon-rss:20956kB, file-rss:0kB, shmem-rss:0kB
----------

There is a race window that the OOM reaper completes reclaiming the first
victim's memory while nothing but mutex_trylock() prevents the first
victim from calling out_of_memory() from pagefault_out_of_memory() after
memory allocation for page fault path failed due to being selected as an
OOM victim.

This is a side effect of commit 9a67f64 ("mm: consolidate
GFP_NOFAIL checks in the allocator slowpath") because that commit silently
changed the behavior from

    /* Avoid allocations with no watermarks from looping endlessly */

to

    /*
     * Give up allocations without trying memory reserves if selected
     * as an OOM victim
     */

in __alloc_pages_slowpath() by moving the location to check TIF_MEMDIE
flag.  I have noticed this change but I didn't post a patch because I
thought it is an acceptable change other than noise by warn_alloc()
because !__GFP_NOFAIL allocations are allowed to fail.  But we overlooked
that failing memory allocation from page fault path makes difference due
to the race window explained above.

While it might be possible to add a check to pagefault_out_of_memory()
that prevents the first victim from calling out_of_memory() or remove
out_of_memory() from pagefault_out_of_memory(), changing
pagefault_out_of_memory() does not suppress noise by warn_alloc() when
allocating thread was selected as an OOM victim.  There is little point
with printing similar backtraces and memory information from both
out_of_memory() and warn_alloc().

Instead, if we guarantee that current thread can try allocations with no
watermarks once when current thread looping inside
__alloc_pages_slowpath() was selected as an OOM victim, we can follow "who
can use memory reserves" rules and suppress noise by warn_alloc() and
prevent memory allocations from page fault path from calling
pagefault_out_of_memory().

If we take the comment literally, this patch would do

: -    if (test_thread_flag(TIF_MEMDIE))
: -        goto nopage;
: +    if (alloc_flags == ALLOC_NO_WATERMARKS || (gfp_mask & __GFP_NOMEMALLOC))
: +        goto nopage;

because gfp_pfmemalloc_allowed() returns false if __GFP_NOMEMALLOC is
given.  But if I recall correctly (I couldn't find the message), the
condition is meant to apply to only OOM victims despite the comment.
Therefore, this patch preserves TIF_MEMDIE check.

Fixes: 9a67f64 ("mm: consolidate GFP_NOFAIL checks in the allocator slowpath")
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/201705192112.IAF69238.OQOHSJLFOFFMtV@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp
Signed-off-by: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Reported-by: Roman Gushchin <guro@fb.com>
Tested-by: Roman Gushchin <guro@fb.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov.dev@gmail.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>	[4.11]
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

mm/page_alloc.c

@@ -3870,7 +3870,9 @@ __alloc_pages_slowpath(gfp_t gfp_mask, unsigned int order,
 		goto got_pg;
 
 	/* Avoid allocations with no watermarks from looping endlessly */
-	if (test_thread_flag(TIF_MEMDIE))
+	if (test_thread_flag(TIF_MEMDIE) &&
+	    (alloc_flags == ALLOC_NO_WATERMARKS ||
+	     (gfp_mask & __GFP_NOMEMALLOC)))
 		goto nopage;
 
 	/* Retry as long as the OOM killer is making progress */