Kitchen::Vagrant

A Test Kitchen Driver for Vagrant.

This driver works by generating a single Vagrantfile for each instance in a sandboxed directory. Since the Vagrantfile is written out on disk, Vagrant needs absolutely no knowledge of Test Kitchen. So no Vagrant plugins are required.

Requirements

Vagrant

A Vagrant version of 1.1.0 or higher is required for this driver which means that a native package must be installed on the system running Test Kitchen.

If you are creating Windows VMs over a WinRM Transport, then the vagrant-winrm Vagrant plugin must be installed. As a consequence, the minimum version of Vagrant required is 1.6 or higher.

Supported Virtualization Hypervisors

Provider	vagrant plugin	Paid
VirtualBox	built-in	N
VMware Fusion	vagrant-vmware-fusion	Y
VMware Workstation	vagrant-vmware-workstation	Y
Parallels Desktop	vagrant-parallels	Y (plugin free)
Hyper-V	n/a	N

If you would like to use VMware Fusion or Workstation you must purchase the software from VMware and also purchase the corresponding Vagrant VMware Plugin.

Installation

If using the ChefDK, kitchen-vagrant is already installed. If using an existing Ruby install:

gem install kitchen-vagrant

Default Configuration

For a set of platforms and hypervisors, boxes are published under the Bento organization on Vagrant Cloud which serve as the default boxes for common platforms:

---
platforms:
  - name: ubuntu-16.04
  - name: centos-7
  - name: freebsd-11

This will effectively generate a configuration similar to:

---
platforms:
  - name: ubuntu-16.04
    driver:
      box: bento/ubuntu-16.04
  - name: centos-7
    driver:
      box: bento/centos-7
  - name: freebsd-11
    driver:
      box: bento/freebsd-11
  # ...

Any other platform names will set a more reasonable default for box and leave box_url unset. For example:

---
platforms:
  - name: slackware-14.1
  - name: openbsd-5.6
  - name: windows-2012r2

This will effectively generate a configuration similar to:

---
platforms:
  - name: slackware-14.1
    driver:
      box: slackware-14.1
  - name: openbsd-5.6
    driver:
      box: openbsd-5.6
  - name: windows-2012r2
    driver:
      box: windows-2012r2

Hyper-V

As Hyper-V is an exclusive hypervisor, it is recomended that the environment variable VAGRANT_DEFAULT_PROVIDER be set to hyperv. Vagrant currently requires user input to choose a virtual switch so we try to detect this automatically and use a workaround. If no network configuration is provided, we check:

1. environment variable KITCHEN_HYPERV_SWITCH
2. If on Windows 10 Fall Creators Update, use the built-in 'Default Switch'
3. the first switch returned

If VAGRANT_DEFAULT_PROVIDER is set and the above logic has a valid virtual switch, no additional configuration is needed. This will effectively generate a configuration similar to:

driver:
  name: vagrant
  provider: hyperv
  network:
  - ["public_network", bridge: "Default Switch"]

Configuration

cachier

Enable and configure scope for vagrant-cachier plugin. Valid options are :box or :machine, setting to a truthy value yields :box

For example:

---
driver:
  cachier: true

will generate a Vagrantfile configuration similar to:

  config.cache.scope = :box

The default is nil, indicating unset.

box

Required This determines which Vagrant box will be used. For more details, please read the Vagrant machine settings page.

The default will be computed from the platform name of the instance. However, for a number of common platforms in the Bento project, the default will prefix the name with bento/ in accordance with Vagrant Cloud naming standards.

For example, a platform with name ubuntu-16.04 will produce a default box value of bento/ubuntu-16.04. Alternatively, a box called slackware-14.1 will produce a default box value of slackware-14.1.

box_check_update

Whether to check for box updates (enabled by default).

box_url

A box_url is not required when using the Vagrant Cloud format of bento/ubuntu-16.04 assuming the organization and box referenced exist. If using a custom box this can be an https:// or file:// URL.

box_download_ca_cert

Path relative to the .kitchen.yml file for locating the trusted CA bundle. Useful when combined with box_url.

The default is nil, indicating to use the default Mozilla CA cert bundle. See also box_download_insecure.

box_download_insecure

If true, then SSL certificates from the server will not be verified.

The default is false, meaning if the URL is an HTTPS URL, then SSL certs will be verified.

box_version

The version of the configured box.

The default is nil, indicating unset.

This option is only relevant when used with Vagrant Cloud boxes which support versioning.

communicator

Note: It should largely be the responsibility of the underlying Vagrant base box to properly set the config.vm.communicator value. For example, if the base box is a Windows operating system and does not have an SSH service installed and enabled, then Vagrant will be unable to even boot it (using vagrant up), without a custom Vagrantfile. If you are authoring a base box, please take care to set your value for communicator to give your users the best possible out-of-the-box experience.

For overriding the default communicator setting of the base box.

For example:

---
driver:
  communicator: ssh

will generate a Vagrantfile configuration similar to:

  config.vm.communicator = "ssh"

The default is nil assuming ssh will be used.

customize

A Hash of customizations to a Vagrant virtual machine. Each key/value pair will be passed to your providers customization block. For example, with the default virtualbox provider:

---
driver:
  customize:
    memory: 1024
    cpuexecutioncap: 50

will generate a Vagrantfile configuration similar to:

Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|
  # ...

  config.vm.provider :virtualbox do |virtualbox|
    virtualbox.customize ["modifyvm", :id, "--memory", "1024"]
    virtualbox.customize ["modifyvm", :id, "--cpuexecutioncap", "50"]
  end
end

Please read the "Customizations" sections for VirtualBox and VMware for more details.

VirtualBox additional disk

Adding the createhd and storageattach keys in customize allows for creation of additional disks in VirtualBox. Full paths must be used as required by VirtualBox.

Adding the storagectl key in customize allows for creation or customization of disks controller in Virtualbox.

NOTE: IDE Controller based drives always show up in the boot order first, regardless of if they are bootable.

driver:
  customize:
    createhd:
      - filename: /tmp/disk1.vmdk
        size: 1024
      - filename: /tmp/disk2.vmdk
        size: 2048
    storagectl:
      - name: IDE Controller
        portcount: 4
    storageattach:
      - storagectl: IDE Controller
        port: 1
        device: 0
        type: hdd
        medium: /tmp/disk1.vmdk
      - storagectl: IDE Controller
        port: 1
        device: 1
        type: hdd
        medium: /tmp/disk2.vmdk

will generate a Vagrantfile configuration similar to:

Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|
  # ...

  config.vm.provider :virtualbox do |virtualbox|
    virtualbox.customize ["createhd", "--filename", "./tmp/disk1.vmdk", "--size", 1024]
    virtualbox.customize ["storagectl", :id, "--name", "IDE Controller", "--portcount", 4]
    virtualbox.customize ["storageattach", :id, "--storagectl", "IDE Controller", "--port", "1", "--device", 0, "--type", "hdd", "--medium", "./tmp/disk1.vmdk"]
  end
end

Please read createhd , storageattach and storagectl for additional information on these options.

guest

Note: It should largely be the responsibility of the underlying Vagrant base box to properly set the config.vm.guest value. For example, if the base box is a Windows operating system, then Vagrant will be unable to even boot it (using vagrant up), without a custom Vagrantfile. If you are authoring a base box, please take care to set your value for communicator to give your users the best possible out-of-the-box experience.

For overriding the default guest setting of the base box.

The default is unset, or nil.

gui

Allows GUI mode for each defined platform. Default is nil. Value is passed to the config.vm.provider but only for the VirtualBox and VMware-based providers.

---
platforms:
  - name: ubuntu-16.04
    driver:
      gui: true

will generate a Vagrantfile configuration similar to:

Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|
  # ...

  c.vm.provider :virtualbox do |p|
    p.gui = true
  end
end

For more info about GUI vs. Headless mode please see vagrant configuration docs

linked_clone

Allows to use linked clones to import boxes for VirtualBox, VMware, Parallels Desktop and Hyper-V. Default is nil.

---
platforms:
  - name: ubuntu-16.04
    driver:
      linked_clone: true

will generate a Vagrantfile configuration similar to:

VirtualBox, VMware and Parallels Desktop

Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|
  # ...

  c.vm.provider :virtualbox do |p|
    p.linked_clone = true
  end
end

Hyper-V

Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|
  # ...

  c.vm.provider :hyperv do |p|
    p.linked_clone = true
  end
end

network

An Array of network customizations for the virtual machine. Each Array element is itself an Array of arguments to be passed to the config.vm.network method. For example:

---
driver:
  network:
    - ["forwarded_port", {guest: 80, host: 8080}]
    - ["private_network", {ip: "192.168.33.33"}]

will generate a Vagrantfile configuration similar to:

Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|
  # ...

  config.vm.network :forwarded_port, guest: 80, host: 8080
  config.vm.network :private_network, ip: "192.168.33.33"
end

Please read the Vagrant networking basic usage page for more details.

The default is an empty Array, [].

pre_create_command

An optional hook to run a command immediately prior to the vagrant up --no-provisioner command being executed.

There is an optional token, {{vagrant_root}} that can be used in the pre_create_command string which will be expanded by the driver to be the full path to the sandboxed Vagrant root directory containing the Vagrantfile. This command will be executed from the directory containing the .kitchen.yml file, or the kitchen_root.

For example, if your project requires Bindler, this command could be:

---
driver
  pre_create_command: cp .vagrant_plugins.json {{vagrant_root}}/ && vagrant plugin bundle

The default is unset, or nil.

provider

This determines which Vagrant provider to use. The value should match the provider name in Vagrant. For example, to use VMware Fusion the provider should be vmware_fusion. Please see the docs on providers for further details.

By default the value is unset, or nil. In this case the driver will use the Vagrant default provider which at this current time is virtualbox unless set by VAGRANT_DEFAULT_PROVIDER environment variable.

provision

Set to true if you want to do the provision of vagrant in create. Useful in case of you want to customize the OS in provision phase of vagrant

ssh_key

This is the path to the private key file used for SSH authentication if you would like to use your own private ssh key instead of the default vagrant insecure private key.

If this value is a relative path, then it will be expanded relative to the location of the main Vagrantfile. If this value is nil, then the default insecure private key that ships with Vagrant will be used.

The default value is unset, or nil.

synced_folders

Allow the user to specify a collection of synced folders on each Vagrant instance. Source paths can be relative to the kitchen root.

The default is an empty Array, or []. The example:

---
driver:
  synced_folders:
    - ["data/%{instance_name}", "/opt/instance_data"]
    - ["/host_path", "/vm_path", "create: true, type: :nfs"]

will generate a Vagrantfile configuration similar to:

Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|
  # ...

  c.vm.synced_folder "/Users/mray/cookbooks/pxe_dust/data/default-ubuntu-1204", "/opt/instance_data"
  c.vm.synced_folder "/host_path", "/vm_path", create: true, type: :nfs
end

cache_directory

Customize the cache directory on the Vagrant instance. This parameter must be an absolute path.

The defaults are:

• Windows: C:\\omnibus\\cache
• Unix: /tmp/omnibus/cache

The example:

---
driver:
  cache_directory: Z:\\custom\\cache

To disable usage of cache directory set cache_directory parameter to false.

kitchen_cache_directory

Customize the kitchen cache directory on the system running Test Kitchen. This parameter must be an absolute path.

The defaults are:

• Windows: ~/.kitchen/cache
• Unix: ~/.kitchen/cache

The example:

---
driver:
  kitchen_cache_directory: Z:\\custom\\kitchen_cache

vagrantfile_erb

An alternate Vagrantfile ERB template that will be rendered for use by this driver. The binding context for the ERB processing is that of the Driver object, which means that methods like config[:kitchen_root], instance.name, and instance.provisioner[:run_list] can be used to compose a custom Vagrantfile if necessary.

---
driver:
  vagrantfile_erb: CustomVagrantfile.erb

Warning: Be cautious when going down this road as your setup may cease to be portable or applicable to other Test Kitchen Drivers such as Ec2 or Docker. Using the alternative Vagrantfile template strategy may be a dangerous road--be aware.

The default is to use a template which ships with this gem.

vagrantfiles

An array of paths to other Vagrantfiles to be merged with the default one. The paths can be absolute or relative to the .kitchen.yml file.

Note: the Vagrantfiles must have a .rb extension to satisfy Ruby's Kernel#require.

---
driver:
  vagrantfiles:
    - VagrantfileA.rb
    - /tmp/VagrantfileB.rb

vm_hostname

Sets the internal hostname for the instance. This is not used when connecting to the Vagrant virtual machine.

For more details on this setting please read the config.vm.hostname section of the Vagrant documentation.

To prevent this value from being rendered in the default Vagrantfile, you can set this value to false.

The default will be computed from the name of the instance. For example, the instance was called "default-fuzz-9" will produce a default vm_hostname value of "default-fuzz-9". For Windows-based platforms, a default of nil is used to save on boot time and potential rebooting.

Unsupported Hypervisors

The following providers are reported to work but are unsupported:

• CloudStack via vagrant-cloudstack
• KVM/Libvirt via vagrant-libvirt
• LXC via vagrant-lxc
• OpenStack
• RackSpace via vagrant-rackspace
• SoftLayer via vagrant-softlayer

Development

• Source hosted at GitHub
• Report issues/questions/feature requests on GitHub Issues

Pull requests are very welcome! Make sure your patches are well tested. Ideally create a topic branch for every separate change you make. For example:

1. Fork the repo
2. Create your feature branch (git checkout -b my-new-feature)
3. Commit your changes (git commit -am 'Added some feature')
4. Push to the branch (git push origin my-new-feature)
5. Create new Pull Request

Authors

Created by Fletcher Nichol (fnichol@nichol.ca)

License

Apache 2.0 (see LICENSE)