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Tools: Annotation
ChiaraPalladino edited this page Dec 15, 2017
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Annotation of linguistic and semantic phenomena is one of the most important parts of text analysis in digital ecosystems.
Several things can be annotated in a document. Among these, we distinguish:
- Linguistic and morphosyntactical annotation: meaning, the classification of the words appearing in a document according to their morphology, and the assignment of specific syntactical roles to them.
- Named Entities Annotation: it can be partly performed automatically with [Natural Language Processing programs and tools](coming soon!), or manually. It concerns the annotation of names of people, places, dates and organizations, but can be extended to more generalized notions of named entities, depending on the source and context.
- Translation and intra-language alignment: not strictly an annotation, but contributes data to the classification of words in the same language or to the translation across different languages. Translation alignment is the alignment of two or more texts in different languages, whereas intra-language alignment is the alignment of texts in the same language, but in different versions. Both can be performed automatically or manually.
- Free-scheme annotation: a type of annotation that does not require a predefined classification (or vocabulary) of the things being annotated, and is based on contingental choices of the annotator.
- Treebanking on Arethusa (http://sites.tufts.edu/perseids/); the Treebanking Guidelines (https://github.com/PerseusDL/treebank_data/blob/master/AGDT2/guidelines/Greek_guidelines.md)
- Tools for querying treebanks: iness; WebLicht Tündra (requires authentication)
- Textual alignment: Ugarit (http://ugarit.ialigner.com/); Alpheios Alignment Tool (http://www.perseids.org/apps/alignment?);
- Guidelines for using Alpheios: http://sites.tufts.edu/perseids/instructions/translation-alignment/
- Intra-language alignment: iAligner (http://ialigner.com/); CollateX (https://collatex.net/);
- Named Entities annotation with Recogito (http://recogito.pelagios.org/)
- Hypothes.is: a simple and clear tool for annotating texts and adding comments (https://web.hypothes.is/)
- WebAnno: a web-based tool for distributed annotations (https://webanno.github.io/webanno/)