-
-
Notifications
You must be signed in to change notification settings - Fork 195
[정현준] 3주차 답안 추가 #390
New issue
Have a question about this project? Sign up for a free GitHub account to open an issue and contact its maintainers and the community.
By clicking “Sign up for GitHub”, you agree to our terms of service and privacy statement. We’ll occasionally send you account related emails.
Already on GitHub? Sign in to your account
Merged
Merged
[정현준] 3주차 답안 추가 #390
Changes from all commits
Commits
Show all changes
2 commits
Select commit
Hold shift + click to select a range
File filter
Filter by extension
Conversations
Failed to load comments.
Loading
Jump to
Jump to file
Failed to load files.
Loading
Diff view
Diff view
There are no files selected for viewing
This file contains hidden or bidirectional Unicode text that may be interpreted or compiled differently than what appears below. To review, open the file in an editor that reveals hidden Unicode characters.
Learn more about bidirectional Unicode characters
Original file line number | Diff line number | Diff line change |
---|---|---|
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@ | ||
package leetcode_study | ||
|
||
import io.kotest.matchers.shouldBe | ||
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test | ||
|
||
class `climbing-stairs` { | ||
|
||
/** | ||
* 1. bottom-up 방식으로 가능한 경우의 수를 누적한다. | ||
* TC: O(n), SC: O(n) | ||
*/ | ||
fun climbStairs(n: Int): Int { | ||
val dp = IntArray(n + 1).apply { | ||
this[1] = 1 | ||
if (n >= 2) this[2] = 2 | ||
} | ||
|
||
for (num in 3 .. n) { | ||
dp[num] = dp[num - 1] + dp[num - 2] | ||
} | ||
|
||
return dp[n] | ||
} | ||
|
||
@Test | ||
fun `입력받은 목푯값에 1과 2만 더하여 도달할 수 있는 경우의 수를 반환한다`() { | ||
climbStairs(1) shouldBe 1 | ||
climbStairs(2) shouldBe 2 | ||
climbStairs(3) shouldBe 3 | ||
climbStairs(4) shouldBe 5 | ||
} | ||
} |
This file contains hidden or bidirectional Unicode text that may be interpreted or compiled differently than what appears below. To review, open the file in an editor that reveals hidden Unicode characters.
Learn more about bidirectional Unicode characters
Original file line number | Diff line number | Diff line change |
---|---|---|
@@ -0,0 +1,122 @@ | ||
package leetcode_study | ||
|
||
import io.kotest.matchers.shouldBe | ||
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test | ||
import java.util.ArrayDeque | ||
import kotlin.math.min | ||
|
||
class `coin-change` { | ||
|
||
fun coinChange(coins: IntArray, amount: Int): Int { | ||
return topDown(coins, amount) | ||
} | ||
|
||
/** | ||
* 1. 모든 코인을 반복적으로 사용하면서 0원에 도달하면 그 때의 step 중 최솟값을 반환한다. | ||
* TC: O(coins^amount), SC: O(amount) | ||
*/ | ||
private fun bruteForce(coins: IntArray, amount: Int): Int { | ||
fun dfs(coins: IntArray, remain: Int, step: Int): Int = | ||
if (remain < 0) Int.MAX_VALUE | ||
else if (remain == 0) step | ||
else coins.map { dfs(coins, remain - it, step + 1) }.min() | ||
|
||
val result = dfs(coins, amount, 0) | ||
return if (result == Int.MAX_VALUE) -1 else result | ||
} | ||
|
||
/** | ||
* 2. 모든 코인들을 종류별로 누적하면서 가장 빨리 목푯값에 도달하는 코인의 수를 반환한다. | ||
* TC: O(amount * coins), SC: O(amount) | ||
*/ | ||
private fun bfs(coins: IntArray, amount: Int): Int { | ||
if (amount == 0) return 0 | ||
|
||
val visited = BooleanArray(amount + 1) { false } | ||
val queue = ArrayDeque<Int>().apply { | ||
this.offer(0) | ||
} | ||
|
||
var coinCount = 0 | ||
while (queue.isNotEmpty()) { | ||
var size = queue.size | ||
while (size-- > 0) { | ||
val sum = queue.poll() | ||
if (sum == amount) return coinCount | ||
else if (sum < amount && !visited[sum] ) { | ||
visited[sum] = true | ||
for (coin in coins) { | ||
queue.offer(sum + coin) | ||
} | ||
} | ||
} | ||
coinCount++ | ||
} | ||
return -1 | ||
} | ||
|
||
/** | ||
* 3. 반복되는 연산을 DP를 활용하여 bottom-up으로 해결 | ||
* 1원부터 목푯값까지 각 가치를 구성하기 위한 최소 코인을 누적하면서 목푯값을 구성하는 최소 코인 개수를 구하는 것이다. | ||
* TC: O(amount*coins), SC: O(amount) | ||
*/ | ||
private fun bottomUp(coins: IntArray, amount: Int): Int { | ||
val dp = IntArray(amount + 1) { 10000 + 1 }.apply { | ||
this[0] = 0 | ||
} | ||
|
||
for (target in 1 .. amount) { | ||
coins.forEach { coin -> | ||
if (coin <= target) { | ||
dp[target] = min(dp[target], dp[target - coin] + 1) | ||
} | ||
} | ||
} | ||
|
||
return if (dp[amount] == 10001) -1 else dp[amount] | ||
} | ||
|
||
/** | ||
* 4. 목표금액부터 코인만큼 차감하여 0원에 도달하면 백트래킹으로 DP 배열을 갱신한다 | ||
* TC: O(amount * coins), SC: O(amount) | ||
*/ | ||
private fun topDown(coins: IntArray, amount: Int): Int { | ||
fun recursive(coins: IntArray, remain: Int, dp: IntArray): Int { | ||
if (remain == 0) return 0 | ||
else if (remain < 0) return -1 | ||
else if (dp[remain] != 10001) return dp[remain] | ||
|
||
var minCoins = 10001 | ||
coins.forEach { coin -> | ||
val result = recursive(coins, remain - coin, dp) | ||
if (result in 0 until minCoins) { | ||
minCoins = result + 1 | ||
} | ||
} | ||
dp[remain] = if (minCoins == 10001) -1 else minCoins | ||
return dp[remain] | ||
} | ||
|
||
if (amount < 1) return 0 | ||
return recursive(coins, amount, IntArray(amount + 1) { 10000 + 1 }) | ||
} | ||
|
||
@Test | ||
fun `코인의 종류와 목표값을 입력하면 목푯값을 구성하는 코인의 최소 개수를 반환한다`() { | ||
coinChange(intArrayOf(1,2,5), 11) shouldBe 3 | ||
coinChange(intArrayOf(1,3,5), 15) shouldBe 3 | ||
coinChange(intArrayOf(5,3,1), 15) shouldBe 3 | ||
coinChange(intArrayOf(1,2), 4) shouldBe 2 | ||
coinChange(intArrayOf(2,5,10,1), 27) shouldBe 4 | ||
} | ||
|
||
@Test | ||
fun `코인의 종류로 목표값을 완성할 수 없다면 -1을 반환한다`() { | ||
coinChange(intArrayOf(2), 3) shouldBe -1 | ||
} | ||
|
||
@Test | ||
fun `목푯값이 0이라면 0을 반환한다`() { | ||
coinChange(intArrayOf(1,2,3), 0) shouldBe 0 | ||
} | ||
} |
This file contains hidden or bidirectional Unicode text that may be interpreted or compiled differently than what appears below. To review, open the file in an editor that reveals hidden Unicode characters.
Learn more about bidirectional Unicode characters
Original file line number | Diff line number | Diff line change |
---|---|---|
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@ | ||
package leetcode_study | ||
|
||
import io.kotest.matchers.shouldBe | ||
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test | ||
|
||
class `combination-sum` { | ||
|
||
/** | ||
* 후보자를 중복으로 사용할 수 있기에 0부터 후보자들을 누적하면서 target보다 크면 탈출하는 방식이다. | ||
* 만약 target과 동일하다면 누적할 때 사용된 후보자들을 numbers에 저장해뒀기에 결과에 복사한다. | ||
* 시간복잡도: O(n^t), 공간복잡도: O(t) | ||
*/ | ||
fun combinationSum(candidates: IntArray, target: Int): List<List<Int>> { | ||
|
||
fun backtracking(candidates: IntArray, target: Int, result: MutableList<List<Int>>, numbers: MutableList<Int>, start: Int, total: Int) { | ||
if (total > target) return | ||
else if (total == target) { | ||
result.add(numbers.toList()) | ||
} else { | ||
(start until candidates.size).forEach { | ||
numbers.add(candidates[it]) | ||
backtracking(candidates, target, result, numbers, it, total + candidates[it]) | ||
numbers.removeLast() | ||
} | ||
} | ||
} | ||
|
||
val result = mutableListOf<List<Int>>() | ||
backtracking(candidates, target, result, mutableListOf(), 0, 0) | ||
return result | ||
} | ||
|
||
@Test | ||
fun `입력받은 정수 리스트를 사용하여 목푯값을 만들어낼 수 있는 모든 경우를 리스트로 반환한다`() { | ||
combinationSum(intArrayOf(2,3,6,7), 7) shouldBe listOf( | ||
listOf(2,2,3), | ||
listOf(7) | ||
) | ||
combinationSum(intArrayOf(2,3,5), 8) shouldBe listOf( | ||
listOf(2,2,2,2), | ||
listOf(2,3,3), | ||
listOf(3,5) | ||
) | ||
combinationSum(intArrayOf(2), 1) shouldBe listOf() | ||
} | ||
} |
This file contains hidden or bidirectional Unicode text that may be interpreted or compiled differently than what appears below. To review, open the file in an editor that reveals hidden Unicode characters.
Learn more about bidirectional Unicode characters
Original file line number | Diff line number | Diff line change |
---|---|---|
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@ | ||
package leetcode_study | ||
|
||
import io.kotest.matchers.shouldBe | ||
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test | ||
|
||
class `product-of-array-except-self` { | ||
|
||
fun productExceptSelf(nums: IntArray): IntArray { | ||
return usingPrefixSum(nums) | ||
} | ||
|
||
/** | ||
* 각 인덱스의 전,후를 누적곱을 합하여 이전 연산 결과를 재활용한다. | ||
* 시간복잡도: O(n), 공간복잡도: O(n) | ||
*/ | ||
private fun usingPrefixSum(nums: IntArray): IntArray { | ||
val toRight = Array(nums.size) { 1 } | ||
val toLeft = Array(nums.size) { 1 } | ||
|
||
(0 until nums.size - 1).forEach { | ||
toRight[it + 1] = toRight[it] * nums[it] | ||
} | ||
(nums.size - 1 downTo 1).forEach { | ||
toLeft[it - 1] = toLeft[it] * nums[it] | ||
} | ||
|
||
return nums.indices | ||
.map { toRight[it] * toLeft[it] } | ||
.toIntArray() | ||
} | ||
|
||
@Test | ||
fun `입력받은 배열을 순회하며 자기 자신을 제외한 나머지 원소들의 곱한 값을 배열로 반환한다`() { | ||
productExceptSelf(intArrayOf(2,3,4,5)) shouldBe intArrayOf(60,40,30,24) | ||
productExceptSelf(intArrayOf(1,2,3,4)) shouldBe intArrayOf(24,12,8,6) | ||
productExceptSelf(intArrayOf(-1,1,0,-3,3)) shouldBe intArrayOf(0,0,9,0,0) | ||
} | ||
} |
This file contains hidden or bidirectional Unicode text that may be interpreted or compiled differently than what appears below. To review, open the file in an editor that reveals hidden Unicode characters.
Learn more about bidirectional Unicode characters
Original file line number | Diff line number | Diff line change |
---|---|---|
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@ | ||
package leetcode_study | ||
|
||
import io.kotest.matchers.shouldBe | ||
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test | ||
|
||
class `two-sum` { | ||
|
||
fun twoSum(nums: IntArray, target: Int): IntArray { | ||
return usingMapOptimized(nums, target) | ||
} | ||
|
||
/** | ||
* 1. map을 활용 | ||
* TC: O(n), SC: O(n) | ||
*/ | ||
private fun usingMap(nums: IntArray, target: Int): IntArray { | ||
val map = nums.withIndex().associate { it.value to it.index } | ||
|
||
nums.forEachIndexed { i, e -> | ||
val diff: Int = target - e | ||
if (map.containsKey(diff) && map[diff] != i) { | ||
return map[diff]?.let { | ||
intArrayOf(it, i) | ||
} ?: intArrayOf() | ||
} | ||
} | ||
return intArrayOf() | ||
} | ||
|
||
/** | ||
* 2. map에 모든 값을 초기화할 필요가 없기에, nums를 순회하며 확인한다. | ||
* TC: O(n), SC: O(n) | ||
*/ | ||
private fun usingMapOptimized(nums: IntArray, target: Int): IntArray { | ||
val map = mutableMapOf<Int, Int>() | ||
|
||
for (index in nums.indices) { | ||
val diff = target - nums[index] | ||
if (map.containsKey(diff)) { | ||
return map[diff]?.let { | ||
intArrayOf(it, index) | ||
} ?: intArrayOf() | ||
} | ||
map[nums[index]] = index | ||
} | ||
|
||
return intArrayOf() | ||
} | ||
|
||
@Test | ||
fun `정수 배열과 목푯값을 입력받아 목푯값을 만들 수 있는 정수 배열의 원소들 중 두 개의 원소의 인덱스를 반환한다`() { | ||
twoSum(intArrayOf(2,7,11,15), 9) shouldBe intArrayOf(0,1) | ||
twoSum(intArrayOf(3,2,4), 6) shouldBe intArrayOf(1,2) | ||
twoSum(intArrayOf(3,3), 6) shouldBe intArrayOf(0,1) | ||
} | ||
} |
Add this suggestion to a batch that can be applied as a single commit.
This suggestion is invalid because no changes were made to the code.
Suggestions cannot be applied while the pull request is closed.
Suggestions cannot be applied while viewing a subset of changes.
Only one suggestion per line can be applied in a batch.
Add this suggestion to a batch that can be applied as a single commit.
Applying suggestions on deleted lines is not supported.
You must change the existing code in this line in order to create a valid suggestion.
Outdated suggestions cannot be applied.
This suggestion has been applied or marked resolved.
Suggestions cannot be applied from pending reviews.
Suggestions cannot be applied on multi-line comments.
Suggestions cannot be applied while the pull request is queued to merge.
Suggestion cannot be applied right now. Please check back later.
There was a problem hiding this comment.
Choose a reason for hiding this comment
The reason will be displayed to describe this comment to others. Learn more.
역시 kotest 가 테스트 코드 가독성이 정말 뛰어난 것 같습니다!