Groundwater irrigation

bld/CLMBuildNamelist.pm

@@ -2184,7 +2184,8 @@ sub setup_logic_crop {
         add_default($opts, $nl_flags->{'inputdata_rootdir'}, $definition, $defaults, $nl, "initial_seed_at_planting",
                     'use_crop'=>$nl->get_value('use_crop') );
      } else {
-        error_if_set( $nl, "Can NOT be set without crop on", "baset_mapping", "baset_latvary_slope", "baset_latvary_intercept" );
+	 error_if_set( $nl, "Can NOT be set without crop on", "baset_mapping", "baset_latvary_slope", "baset_latvary_intercept" );
+	 add_default($opts, $nl_flags->{'inputdata_rootdir'}, $definition, $defaults, $nl, 'crop_fsat_equals_zero' );
      }
   }
 }
@@ -2768,7 +2769,7 @@ sub setup_logic_irrigation_parameters {
      my $var;
      foreach $var ("irrig_min_lai", "irrig_start_time", "irrig_length",
                    "irrig_target_smp", "irrig_depth", "irrig_threshold_fraction",
-                   "limit_irrigation_if_rof_enabled") {
+                   "limit_irrigation_if_rof_enabled","use_groundwater_irrigation") {
         add_default($opts, $nl_flags->{'inputdata_rootdir'}, $definition, $defaults, $nl, $var);
      }
 

bld/namelist_files/namelist_defaults_clm4_5.xml

@@ -93,6 +93,9 @@ attributes from the config_cache.xml file (with keys converted to upper-case).
 <irrigate use_crop=".true." >.false.</irrigate>
 <irrigate use_crop=".false.">.true.</irrigate>
 
+<!-- Saturation excess runoff for crops  -->
+<crop_fsat_equals_zero>.false.</crop_fsat_equals_zero>
+
 <!-- MEGAN model -->
 <megan clm_accelerated_spinup="on" >0</megan>
 <megan clm_accelerated_spinup="off">1</megan>
@@ -273,6 +276,9 @@ attributes from the config_cache.xml file (with keys converted to upper-case).
 <limit_irrigation_if_rof_enabled phys="clm5_0">.false.</limit_irrigation_if_rof_enabled>
 <limit_irrigation_if_rof_enabled              >.false.</limit_irrigation_if_rof_enabled>
 
+<use_groundwater_irrigation>.false.</use_groundwater_irrigation>
+
+
 <!-- Snow veg treatment -->
 <snowveg_flag phys="clm4_5" >OFF</snowveg_flag>
 <snowveg_flag phys="clm5_0" >ON_RAD</snowveg_flag>

bld/namelist_files/namelist_definition_clm4_5.xml

@@ -115,11 +115,12 @@ Otherwise use the fraction straight up              (the default for CLM5.0)
 </entry>
 
 <entry id="soil_layerstruct" type="char*16" category="clm_physics"
-       group="clm_inparm" valid_values="10SL_3.5m,23SL_3.5m,49SL_10m,20SL_8.5m" >
+       group="clm_inparm" valid_values="10SL_3.5m,23SL_3.5m,49SL_10m,20SL_8.5m,22SL_50m" >
 10SL_3.5m    = standard CLM4 and CLM4.5 version
 23SL_3.5m    = more vertical layers for permafrost simulations 
 49SL_10m     = 49 layer soil column, 10m of soil, 5 bedrock layers
 20SL_8.5m    = 20 layer soil column, 8m of soil, 5 bedrock layers
+22SL_50m     = 22 layer soil column, 8m of soil, 2 variable thickness layers, 5 bedrock layers
 </entry>
 
 <entry id="use_bedrock" type="logical" category="clm_physics"
@@ -437,11 +438,21 @@ Only applies if using an active runoff (ROF) model; otherwise, river storage-bas
 is turned off regardless of the setting of this namelist variable.
 </entry>
 
+<entry id="use_groundwater_irrigation" type="logical" category="clm_physics"
+       group="irrigation_inparm" valid_values="" >
+If TRUE, supply irrigation from groundwater (in addition to surface water).
+</entry>
+
 <entry id="irrigate" type="logical" category="clm_physics"
        group="clm_inparm"  >
 If TRUE, irrigation will be active.
 </entry> 
 
+<entry id="crop_fsat_equals_zero" type="logical" category="clm_physics"
+       group="clm_inparm"  >
+If TRUE, fsat will be set to zero for crop columns.
+</entry> 
+
 <entry id="maxpatch_glcmec" type="integer"  category="clm_physics"
        group="clm_inparm" valid_values="1,3,5,10,36" >
 Number of  multiple elevation classes over glacier points.

src/biogeophys/BalanceCheckMod.F90

@@ -78,15 +78,6 @@ subroutine BeginWaterBalance(bounds, &
          begwb        =>    waterbalancebulk_inst%begwb_col        & ! Output: [real(r8) (:)   ]  water mass begining of the time step    
          )
 
-   do fc = 1, num_nolakec
-       c = filter_nolakec(fc)
-       if (col%hydrologically_active(c)) then
-          if(zwt(c) <= zi(c,nlevsoi)) then
-             wa(c) = aquifer_water_baseline
-          end if
-       end if
-    end do
-
     call ComputeWaterMassNonLake(bounds, num_nolakec, filter_nolakec, &
          waterstatebulk_inst, waterdiagnosticbulk_inst, begwb(bounds%begc:bounds%endc))
 
@@ -199,7 +190,11 @@ subroutine BalanceCheck( bounds, &
           snow_sources            =>    waterfluxbulk_inst%snow_sources_col         , & ! Output: [real(r8) (:)   ]  snow sources (mm H2O /s)  
           snow_sinks              =>    waterfluxbulk_inst%snow_sinks_col           , & ! Output: [real(r8) (:)   ]  snow sinks (mm H2O /s)    
 
-          qflx_irrig              =>    waterfluxbulk_inst%qflx_irrig_col          , & ! Input:  [real(r8) (:)   ]  irrigation flux (mm H2O /s)             
+          qflx_sfc_irrig          =>    waterfluxbulk_inst%qflx_sfc_irrig_col       , & ! Input:  [real(r8) (:)   ]  irrigation flux (mm H2O /s)             
+          qflx_gw_uncon_irrig     =>    waterfluxbulk_inst%qflx_gw_uncon_irrig_col  , & ! Input:  [real(r8) (:)   ]  groundwater irrigation flux (mm H2O /s)
+          qflx_gw_con_irrig       =>    waterfluxbulk_inst%qflx_gw_con_irrig_col    , & ! Input:  [real(r8) (:)   ]  groundwater irrigation flux (mm H2O /s)
+          qflx_irrig_drip         =>    waterfluxbulk_inst%qflx_irrig_drip_col      , & ! Input:  [real(r8) (:)   ]  drip irrigation flux (mm H2O /s)
+          qflx_irrig_sprinkler    =>    waterfluxbulk_inst%qflx_irrig_sprinkler_col , & ! Input:  [real(r8) (:)   ]  sprinkler irrigation flux (mm H2O /s)
 
           qflx_glcice_dyn_water_flux => waterfluxbulk_inst%qflx_glcice_dyn_water_flux_col, & ! Input: [real(r8) (:)]  water flux needed for balance check due to glc_dyn_runoff_routing (mm H2O/s) (positive means addition of water to the system)
 
@@ -272,7 +267,10 @@ subroutine BalanceCheck( bounds, &
                   - (forc_rain_col(c)        &
                   + forc_snow_col(c)         &
                   + qflx_floodc(c)           &
-                  + qflx_irrig(c)            &
+                  + qflx_irrig_drip(c)       &
+                  + qflx_irrig_sprinkler(c)  &
+                  - qflx_gw_uncon_irrig(c)   &
+                  - qflx_gw_con_irrig(c)     &
                   + qflx_glcice_dyn_water_flux(c) &
                   - qflx_evap_tot(c)         &
                   - qflx_surf(c)             &
@@ -321,7 +319,11 @@ subroutine BalanceCheck( bounds, &
              write(iulog,*)'endwb                 = ',endwb(indexc)
              write(iulog,*)'begwb                 = ',begwb(indexc)
              write(iulog,*)'qflx_evap_tot         = ',qflx_evap_tot(indexc)*dtime
-             write(iulog,*)'qflx_irrig            = ',qflx_irrig(indexc)*dtime
+             write(iulog,*)'qflx_irrig_drip       = ',qflx_irrig_drip(indexc)*dtime
+             write(iulog,*)'qflx_irrig_sprinkler  = ',qflx_irrig_sprinkler(indexc)*dtime
+             write(iulog,*)'qflx_sfc_irrig        = ',qflx_sfc_irrig(indexc)*dtime
+             write(iulog,*)'qflx_gw_uncon_irrig   = ',qflx_gw_uncon_irrig(indexc)*dtime
+             write(iulog,*)'qflx_gw_con_irrig     = ',qflx_gw_con_irrig(indexc)*dtime
              write(iulog,*)'qflx_surf             = ',qflx_surf(indexc)*dtime
              write(iulog,*)'qflx_qrgwl            = ',qflx_qrgwl(indexc)*dtime
              write(iulog,*)'qflx_drain            = ',qflx_drain(indexc)*dtime
@@ -351,7 +353,11 @@ subroutine BalanceCheck( bounds, &
              write(iulog,*)'begwb                 = ',begwb(indexc)
 
              write(iulog,*)'qflx_evap_tot         = ',qflx_evap_tot(indexc)*dtime
-             write(iulog,*)'qflx_irrig            = ',qflx_irrig(indexc)*dtime
+             write(iulog,*)'qflx_irrig_drip       = ',qflx_irrig_drip(indexc)*dtime
+             write(iulog,*)'qflx_irrig_sprinkler  = ',qflx_irrig_sprinkler(indexc)*dtime
+             write(iulog,*)'qflx_sfc_irrig        = ',qflx_sfc_irrig(indexc)*dtime
+             write(iulog,*)'qflx_gw_uncon_irrig   = ',qflx_gw_uncon_irrig(indexc)*dtime
+             write(iulog,*)'qflx_gw_con_irrig     = ',qflx_gw_con_irrig(indexc)*dtime
              write(iulog,*)'qflx_surf             = ',qflx_surf(indexc)*dtime
              write(iulog,*)'qflx_qrgwl            = ',qflx_qrgwl(indexc)*dtime
              write(iulog,*)'qflx_drain            = ',qflx_drain(indexc)*dtime

src/biogeophys/CanopyHydrologyMod.F90

@@ -21,10 +21,10 @@ module CanopyHydrologyMod
   use AerosolMod      , only : aerosol_type
   use CanopyStateType , only : canopystate_type
   use TemperatureType , only : temperature_type
-  use WaterFluxBulkType   , only : waterfluxbulk_type
-  use Wateratm2lndBulkType   , only : wateratm2lndbulk_type
-  use WaterStateBulkType  , only : waterstatebulk_type
-  use WaterDiagnosticBulkType  , only : waterdiagnosticbulk_type
+  use WaterFluxBulkType       , only : waterfluxbulk_type
+  use Wateratm2lndBulkType    , only : wateratm2lndbulk_type
+  use WaterStateBulkType      , only : waterstatebulk_type
+  use WaterDiagnosticBulkType , only : waterdiagnosticbulk_type
   use ColumnType      , only : col                
   use PatchType       , only : patch                
   !
@@ -176,10 +176,10 @@ subroutine CanopyHydrology(bounds, &
      type(canopystate_type) , intent(in)    :: canopystate_inst
      type(temperature_type) , intent(inout) :: temperature_inst
      type(aerosol_type)     , intent(inout) :: aerosol_inst
-     type(waterstatebulk_type)  , intent(inout) :: waterstatebulk_inst
-     type(waterdiagnosticbulk_type)  , intent(inout) :: waterdiagnosticbulk_inst
-     type(waterfluxbulk_type)   , intent(inout) :: waterfluxbulk_inst
-     type(wateratm2lndbulk_type)   , intent(inout) :: wateratm2lndbulk_inst
+     type(waterstatebulk_type)      , intent(inout) :: waterstatebulk_inst
+     type(waterdiagnosticbulk_type) , intent(inout) :: waterdiagnosticbulk_inst
+     type(waterfluxbulk_type)       , intent(inout) :: waterfluxbulk_inst
+     type(wateratm2lndbulk_type)    , intent(inout) :: wateratm2lndbulk_inst
      !
      ! !LOCAL VARIABLES:
      integer  :: f                                            ! filter index
@@ -267,13 +267,14 @@ subroutine CanopyHydrology(bounds, &
           qflx_prec_intr       => waterfluxbulk_inst%qflx_prec_intr_patch     , & ! Output: [real(r8) (:)   ]  interception of precipitation [mm/s]    
           qflx_prec_grnd       => waterfluxbulk_inst%qflx_prec_grnd_patch     , & ! Output: [real(r8) (:)   ]  water onto ground including canopy runoff [kg/(m2 s)]
           qflx_rain_grnd       => waterfluxbulk_inst%qflx_rain_grnd_patch     , & ! Output: [real(r8) (:)   ]  rain on ground after interception (mm H2O/s) [+]
-          qflx_irrig           => waterfluxbulk_inst%qflx_irrig_patch         , & ! Input: [real(r8) (:)    ]  irrigation amount (mm/s)           
+          qflx_irrig_drip      => waterfluxbulk_inst%qflx_irrig_drip_patch      , & ! Input: [real(r8) (:)    ]  drip irrigation amount (mm/s)           
+          qflx_irrig_sprinkler => waterfluxbulk_inst%qflx_irrig_sprinkler_patch , & ! Input: [real(r8) (:)    ]  sprinkler irrigation amount (mm/s)
+
           qflx_snowindunload   => waterfluxbulk_inst%qflx_snowindunload_patch , & ! Output: [real(r8) (:)   ]  canopy snow unloading from wind [mm/s]    
           qflx_snotempunload   => waterfluxbulk_inst%qflx_snotempunload_patch   & ! Output: [real(r8) (:)   ]  canopy snow unloading from temp. [mm/s]    
           )
 
        ! Compute time step
-
        dtime = get_step_size()
 
        ! Set status of snowveg_flag
@@ -287,7 +288,7 @@ subroutine CanopyHydrology(bounds, &
           g = patch%gridcell(p)
           l = patch%landunit(p)
           c = patch%column(p)
-
+          
           ! Canopy interception and precipitation onto ground surface
           ! Add precipitation to leaf water
 
@@ -309,8 +310,9 @@ subroutine CanopyHydrology(bounds, &
 
              if (col%itype(c) /= icol_sunwall .and. col%itype(c) /= icol_shadewall) then
 
-                if (frac_veg_nosno(p) == 1 .and. (forc_rain(c) + forc_snow(c)) > 0._r8) then
-
+                ! irrigation may occur if forc_precip = 0
+                if (frac_veg_nosno(p) == 1 .and. (forc_rain(c) + forc_snow(c) + qflx_irrig_sprinkler(p)) > 0._r8) then
+
                    ! determine fraction of input precipitation that is snow and rain
                    fracsnow(p) = forc_snow(c)/(forc_snow(c) + forc_rain(c))
                    fracrain(p) = forc_rain(c)/(forc_snow(c) + forc_rain(c))
@@ -339,21 +341,20 @@ subroutine CanopyHydrology(bounds, &
                       ! Direct throughfall
                       qflx_through_snow(p) = forc_snow(c) * (1._r8-fpi)
                    end if
-
                    ! Direct throughfall
-                   qflx_through_rain(p) = forc_rain(c) * (1._r8-fpi)
+                   qflx_through_rain(p) = (forc_rain(c) + qflx_irrig_sprinkler(p)) * (1._r8-fpi)
 
                    if (snowveg_on .or. snowveg_onrad) then
                       ! Intercepted precipitation [mm/s]
-                      qflx_prec_intr(p) = forc_snow(c)*fpisnow + forc_rain(c)*fpi
+                      qflx_prec_intr(p) = forc_snow(c)*fpisnow + (forc_rain(c) + qflx_irrig_sprinkler(p))*fpi
                       ! storage of intercepted snowfall, rain, and dew
                       snocan(p) = max(0._r8, snocan(p) + dtime*forc_snow(c)*fpisnow)    
-                      liqcan(p) = max(0._r8, liqcan(p) + dtime*forc_rain(c)*fpi)
+                      liqcan(p) = max(0._r8, liqcan(p) + dtime*(forc_rain(c) + qflx_irrig_sprinkler(p))*fpi)
                    else
                       ! Intercepted precipitation [mm/s]
-                      qflx_prec_intr(p) = (forc_snow(c) + forc_rain(c)) * fpi
+                      qflx_prec_intr(p) = (forc_snow(c) + forc_rain(c) + qflx_irrig_sprinkler(p)) * fpi
                    end if
-
+                   
                    ! Water storage of intercepted precipitation and dew
                    h2ocan(p) = max(0._r8, h2ocan(p) + dtime*qflx_prec_intr(p))
 
@@ -452,8 +453,8 @@ subroutine CanopyHydrology(bounds, &
 
           ! Add irrigation water directly onto ground (bypassing canopy interception)
           ! Note that it's still possible that (some of) this irrigation water will runoff (as runoff is computed later)
-          qflx_prec_grnd_rain(p) = qflx_prec_grnd_rain(p) + qflx_irrig(p)
-
+          qflx_prec_grnd_rain(p) = qflx_prec_grnd_rain(p) + qflx_irrig_drip(p)
+             
           qflx_prec_grnd(p) = qflx_prec_grnd_snow(p) + qflx_prec_grnd_rain(p)
 
           qflx_snow_grnd_patch(p) = qflx_prec_grnd_snow(p)           ! ice onto ground (mm/s)

src/biogeophys/HydrologyDrainageMod.F90

@@ -85,14 +85,15 @@ subroutine HydrologyDrainage(bounds,               &
     real(r8) :: dtime                      ! land model time step (sec)
     !-----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-    associate(                                                         & ! Input: layer thickness depth (m)  
-         dz                 => col%dz                                , & ! Input: column type
-         ctype              => col%itype                             , & ! Input: gridcell flux of flood water from RTM            
-         qflx_floodg        => wateratm2lndbulk_inst%forc_flood_grc           , & ! Input: rain rate [mm/s]   
+    associate(                                                            & ! Input: layer thickness depth (m)  
+         dz                 => col%dz                                    , & ! Input: column type
+         ctype              => col%itype                                 , & ! Input: gridcell flux of flood water from RTM            
+         qflx_floodg        => wateratm2lndbulk_inst%forc_flood_grc      , & ! Input: rain rate [mm/s]   
          forc_rain          => wateratm2lndbulk_inst%forc_rain_downscaled_col , & ! Input: snow rate [mm/s]
          forc_snow          => wateratm2lndbulk_inst%forc_snow_downscaled_col , & ! Input: water mass begining of the time step     
-         begwb              => waterbalancebulk_inst%begwb_col             , & ! Output:water mass end of the time step 
-         endwb              => waterbalancebulk_inst%endwb_col             , & ! Output:water mass end of the time step     
+         wa                 => waterstatebulk_inst%wa_col                , & ! Output: [real(r8) (:)   ]  water in the unconfined aquifer (mm)    
+         begwb              => waterbalancebulk_inst%begwb_col           , & ! Output:water mass end of the time step 
+         endwb              => waterbalancebulk_inst%endwb_col           , & ! Output:water mass end of the time step     
          h2osoi_ice         => waterstatebulk_inst%h2osoi_ice_col        , & ! Output: ice lens (kg/m2)      
          h2osoi_liq         => waterstatebulk_inst%h2osoi_liq_col        , & ! Output: liquid water (kg/m2) 
          h2osoi_vol         => waterstatebulk_inst%h2osoi_vol_col        , & ! Output: volumetric soil water 
@@ -112,13 +113,12 @@ subroutine HydrologyDrainage(bounds,               &
          qflx_surf          => waterfluxbulk_inst%qflx_surf_col          , & ! surface runoff (mm H2O /s)      
          qflx_infl          => waterfluxbulk_inst%qflx_infl_col          , & ! infiltration (mm H2O /s)   
          qflx_qrgwl         => waterfluxbulk_inst%qflx_qrgwl_col         , & ! qflx_surf at glaciers, wetlands, lakes
-         qflx_runoff        => waterfluxbulk_inst%qflx_runoff_col        , & ! total runoff 
-                                                                         ! (qflx_drain+qflx_surf+qflx_qrgwl) (mm H2O /s)
+         qflx_runoff        => waterfluxbulk_inst%qflx_runoff_col        , & ! total runoff (qflx_drain+qflx_surf+qflx_qrgwl) (mm H2O /s)
          qflx_runoff_u      => waterfluxbulk_inst%qflx_runoff_u_col      , & ! Urban total runoff (qflx_drain+qflx_surf) (mm H2O /s)
-         qflx_runoff_r      => waterfluxbulk_inst%qflx_runoff_r_col      , & ! Rural total runoff 
-                                                                         ! (qflx_drain+qflx_surf+qflx_qrgwl) (mm H2O /s)
+         qflx_runoff_r      => waterfluxbulk_inst%qflx_runoff_r_col      , & ! Rural total runoff (qflx_drain+qflx_surf+qflx_qrgwl) (mm H2O /s)
          qflx_ice_runoff_snwcp => waterfluxbulk_inst%qflx_ice_runoff_snwcp_col, &  ! solid runoff from snow capping (mm H2O /s)
-         qflx_irrig         => waterfluxbulk_inst%qflx_irrig_col          & ! irrigation flux (mm H2O /s)   
+         qflx_sfc_irrig     => waterfluxbulk_inst%qflx_sfc_irrig_col     , & ! surface irrigation flux (mm H2O /s)   
+         qflx_gw_con_irrig  => waterfluxbulk_inst%qflx_gw_con_irrig_col    & ! confined groundwater irrigation flux (mm H2O /s)   
          )
 
       ! Determine time step and step size
@@ -161,12 +161,17 @@ subroutine HydrologyDrainage(bounds,               &
          end do
       end do
 
+       ! remove groundwater irrigation from aquifer
+       do fc = 1, num_nolakec
+          c = filter_nolakec(fc)
+          if (col%itype(c) /= icol_sunwall .and. col%itype(c) /= icol_shadewall) then      
+             wa(c) = wa(c) - qflx_gw_con_irrig(c) * dtime
+          endif
+       enddo
+
       call ComputeWaterMassNonLake(bounds, num_nolakec, filter_nolakec, &
            waterstatebulk_inst, waterdiagnosticbulk_inst, endwb(bounds%begc:bounds%endc))
 
-
-
-
       ! Determine wetland and land ice hydrology (must be placed here
       ! since need snow updated from CombineSnowLayers)
 
@@ -212,7 +217,7 @@ subroutine HydrologyDrainage(bounds,               &
          qflx_runoff(c) = qflx_drain(c) + qflx_surf(c) + qflx_qrgwl(c) + qflx_drain_perched(c)
 
          if ((lun%itype(l)==istsoil .or. lun%itype(l)==istcrop) .and. col%active(c)) then
-            qflx_runoff(c) = qflx_runoff(c) - qflx_irrig(c)
+            qflx_runoff(c) = qflx_runoff(c) - qflx_sfc_irrig(c)
          end if
          if (lun%urbpoi(l)) then
             qflx_runoff_u(c) = qflx_runoff(c)