feat: script transaction human readable formatting

[segfault-magnet]

• Closes: detect whether a script tx is a contract call / is a loader script #1541

Release notes

In this release, we:

• Added tools to help with creating a human readable view of fuel script transactions.

Summary

Users can now demystify what is contained in a fuel transaction. If it is a contract call the user can get the method name and other parameters. If given the ABI the user can also see the arguments the contract method was called with.

Originally intended for the block explorer to make the tx view more human readable.

Example of how a script tx can now be decoded in runtime:

        let TransactionType::Script(tx) = provider
            .get_transaction_by_id(&tx_id)
            .await?
            .unwrap()
            .transaction
        else {
            panic!("Transaction is not a script transaction");
        };

        let ScriptType::ContractCall(calls) = ScriptType::detect(tx.script(), tx.script_data())?
        else {
            panic!("Script is not a contract call");
        };

        let json_abi = std::fs::read_to_string(
            "../../e2e/sway/contracts/contract_test/out/release/contract_test-abi.json",
        )?;
        let abi_formatter = ABIFormatter::from_json_abi(&json_abi)?;

        let call = &calls[0];
        let fn_selector = callalso.decode_fn_selector()?;
        let decoded_args = abi_formatter.decode_fn_args(&fn_selector, &call.encoded_args)?;

        eprintln!(
            "The script called: {fn_selector}({})",
            decoded_args.join(", ")
        );

Which prints:

The script called: initialize_counter(42)

If you don't have the ABI you can still get the contract method name and information such as gas forwarded etc.

Multicalls are supported.

It can also handle configurables, example of decoding a sway script:

    let decoder = ABIFormatter::from_json_abi(&abi)?;

    let ScriptType::Other(desc) = ScriptType::detect(&tb.script, &tb.script_data).unwrap() else {
        panic!("expected a script")
    };

    assert_eq!(
        decoder.decode_fn_args("main", &desc.data)?,
        vec!["MyStruct { number: 10, boolean: false }"]
    );

    assert_eq!(
        decoder
            .decode_configurables(desc.data_section().unwrap())
            .unwrap(),
        vec![
            ("A_NUMBER".to_owned(), "11".to_owned()),
            (
                "MY_STRUCT".to_owned(),
                "MyStruct { number: 10, boolean: true }".to_owned()
            ),
        ]
    );

When given a loader script we can get the blob id:

    let ScriptType::Loader { script, blob_id } = ScriptType::detect(&script, &script_data).unwrap()
    else {
        panic!("expected a loader script")
    };

    assert_eq!(blob_id, expected_blob_id);

The code is wasm compatible.

Checklist

• All changes are covered by tests (or not applicable)
• All changes are documented (or not applicable)
• I reviewed the entire PR myself (preferably, on GH UI)
• I described all Breaking Changes (or there's none)

[hal3e]

🚀