feat(array-methods): add examples for array manipulation methods

- Demonstrated various array methods including push, pop, unshift, shift, slice, and splice with detailed examples.

- Included examples showcasing:
  - Adding and removing elements dynamically using push and pop.
  - Array conversions using  	oString.
  - Merging arrays with concat.
  - Replacing and modifying elements using splice.

- Added a practice scenario involving company names:
  - Removed the first company.
  - Replaced Uber with Ola.
  - Added Amazon at the end.

02_Basics/01_Arrays8.js

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-
 // ==========================
 // Array Methods Demonstration
 // ==========================
@@ -9,185 +8,179 @@
 
 // Initialize an array with food items
 let foodArray = ["chips", "cheese", "bread", "paneer"];
-console.log("Initial foodArray:", foodArray); 
+console.log("Initial foodArray:", foodArray);
 // Output: Initial foodArray: [ 'chips', 'cheese', 'bread', 'paneer' ]
 
 // Mutates the original array by adding items
 foodArray.push("milk", "onion", "corn-flour");
-console.log("After push:", foodArray); 
+console.log("After push:", foodArray);
 // Output: After push: [ 'chips', 'cheese', 'bread', 'paneer', 'milk', 'onion', 'corn-flour' ]
 
 // Returns the new length of the array
 let updatedLength = foodArray.push("lettuce");
-console.log("New length:", updatedLength); 
+console.log("New length:", updatedLength);
 // Output: New length: 8
 
 // Can accept multiple arguments
 foodArray.push("tomato", "cucumber");
-console.log("After pushing more items:", foodArray); 
+console.log("After pushing more items:", foodArray);
 // Output: After pushing more items: [ 'chips', 'cheese', 'bread', 'paneer', 'milk', 'onion', 'corn-flour', 'lettuce', 'tomato', 'cucumber' ]
 
 // Handles different data types
 foodArray.push(42, { item: "apple" });
-console.log("After pushing different types:", foodArray); 
-// Output: After pushing different types: 
-// [ 'chips', 'cheese', 'bread', 'paneer', 'milk', 'onion', 'corn-flour', 
+console.log("After pushing different types:", foodArray);
+// Output: After pushing different types:
+// [ 'chips', 'cheese', 'bread', 'paneer', 'milk', 'onion', 'corn-flour',
 //   'lettuce', 'tomato', 'cucumber', 42, { item: 'apple' } ]
 
 // Can push `undefined`
 foodArray.push(undefined);
-console.log("After pushing undefined:", foodArray); 
-// Output: After pushing undefined: 
-// [ 'chips', 'cheese', 'bread', 'paneer', 'milk', 'onion', 'corn-flour', 
+console.log("After pushing undefined:", foodArray);
+// Output: After pushing undefined:
+// [ 'chips', 'cheese', 'bread', 'paneer', 'milk', 'onion', 'corn-flour',
 //   'lettuce', 'tomato', 'cucumber', 42, { item: 'apple' }, undefined ]
 
 // Use in loops to add items
 let additionalItems = ["carrot", "spinach"];
-additionalItems.forEach(item => foodArray.push(item));
-console.log("After pushing items in a loop:", foodArray); 
-// Output: After pushing items in a loop: 
-// [ 'chips', 'cheese', 'bread', 'paneer', 'milk', 'onion', 'corn-flour', 
-//   'lettuce', 'tomato', 'cucumber', 42, { item: 'apple' }, undefined, 
+additionalItems.forEach((item) => foodArray.push(item));
+console.log("After pushing items in a loop:", foodArray);
+// Output: After pushing items in a loop:
+// [ 'chips', 'cheese', 'bread', 'paneer', 'milk', 'onion', 'corn-flour',
+//   'lettuce', 'tomato', 'cucumber', 42, { item: 'apple' }, undefined,
 //   'carrot', 'spinach' ]
 
-
 // ==========================
 // 2. pop() : Delete from end & return
 // ==========================
 
 // Initialize an array of fruits
 let fruitArray = ["apple", "banana"];
-console.log("Initial fruitArray:", fruitArray); 
+console.log("Initial fruitArray:", fruitArray);
 // Output: Initial fruitArray: [ 'apple', 'banana' ]
 
 // Use push() to add a single element
 fruitArray.push("orange");
-console.log("After push('orange'):", fruitArray); 
+console.log("After push('orange'):", fruitArray);
 // Output: After push('orange'): [ 'apple', 'banana', 'orange' ]
 
 // Use push() to add multiple elements
 fruitArray.push("grape", "kiwi");
-console.log("After push('grape', 'kiwi'):", fruitArray); 
+console.log("After push('grape', 'kiwi'):", fruitArray);
 // Output: After push('grape', 'kiwi'): [ 'apple', 'banana', 'orange', 'grape', 'kiwi' ]
 
 // Pushing different data types
 let mixedArray = [1, "two", true];
 mixedArray.push(null, { key: "value" });
-console.log("Mixed array after push:", mixedArray); 
+console.log("Mixed array after push:", mixedArray);
 // Output: Mixed array after push: [ 1, 'two', true, null, { key: 'value' } ]
 
 // Push on an empty array
 let emptyArray = [];
 emptyArray.push(1);
-console.log("Empty array after push(1):", emptyArray); 
+console.log("Empty array after push(1):", emptyArray);
 // Output: Empty array after push(1): [ 1 ]
 
-
 // ==========================
 // 3. toString() : Converts array to string
 // ==========================
 
 // Initialize an array of colors
 let colorArray = ["red", "green", "blue"];
 let colorString = colorArray.toString();
-console.log("Array as string:", colorString); 
+console.log("Array as string:", colorString);
 // Output: Array as string: red,green,blue
 
 // Handle nested arrays
 let nestedArray = [1, 2, [3, 4], 5];
-console.log("Nested array as string:", nestedArray.toString()); 
+console.log("Nested array as string:", nestedArray.toString());
 // Output: Nested array as string: 1,2,3
 
-
-
 // ==========================
 // 4. concat() : Merge Arrays
 // ==========================
 
 // Initialize two arrays
 let firstArray = ["a", "b", "c"];
 let secondArray = ["d", "e", "f"];
-console.log("Initial firstArray:", firstArray); 
+console.log("Initial firstArray:", firstArray);
 // Output: Initial firstArray: [ 'a', 'b', 'c' ]
-console.log("Initial secondArray:", secondArray); 
+console.log("Initial secondArray:", secondArray);
 // Output: Initial secondArray: [ 'd', 'e', 'f' ]
 
 // Use concat() to merge arrays
 let mergedArray = firstArray.concat(secondArray);
-console.log("Merged array:", mergedArray); 
+console.log("Merged array:", mergedArray);
 // Output: Merged array: [ 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f' ]
 
 // Concat with multiple arrays
 let thirdArray = ["g", "h"];
 let combinedArray = firstArray.concat(secondArray, thirdArray);
-console.log("Combined array:", combinedArray); 
+console.log("Combined array:", combinedArray);
 // Output: Combined array: [ 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g', 'h' ]
 
 // Concat with different data types
 let mixedConcatArray = firstArray.concat(42, { key: "value" });
-console.log("Mixed array after concat:", mixedConcatArray); 
+console.log("Mixed array after concat:", mixedConcatArray);
 // Output: Mixed array after concat: [ 'a', 'b', 'c', 42, { key: 'value' } ]
 
-
 // ==========================
 // 5. unshift() : Add to Beginning
 // ==========================
 
 // Initialize an array of numbers
 let numberArray = [2, 3, 4];
-console.log("Initial numberArray:", numberArray); 
+console.log("Initial numberArray:", numberArray);
 // Output: Initial numberArray: [ 2, 3, 4 ]
 
 // Use unshift() to add elements to the beginning
 numberArray.unshift(1);
-console.log("After unshift(1):", numberArray); 
+console.log("After unshift(1):", numberArray);
 // Output: After unshift(1): [ 1, 2, 3, 4 ]
 
 // Unshift multiple elements
 numberArray.unshift(-1, 0);
-console.log("After unshift(-1, 0):", numberArray); 
+console.log("After unshift(-1, 0):", numberArray);
 // Output: After unshift(-1, 0): [ -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 ]
 
 // Unshift different data types
 numberArray.unshift("start", null);
-console.log("After unshift('start', null):", numberArray); 
+console.log("After unshift('start', null):", numberArray);
 // Output: After unshift('start', null): [ 'start', null, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 ]
 
-
 // ==========================
 // 6. shift() : Remove from Beginning & Return
 // ==========================
 
 // Initialize an array of fruits
 let fruitList = ["apple", "banana", "cherry"];
-console.log("Initial fruitList:", fruitList); 
+console.log("Initial fruitList:", fruitList);
 // Output: Initial fruitList: [ 'apple', 'banana', 'cherry' ]
 
 // Use shift() to remove the first element
 let removedFruit = fruitList.shift();
-console.log("Removed fruit:", removedFruit); 
+console.log("Removed fruit:", removedFruit);
 // Output: Removed fruit: apple
-console.log("After shift:", fruitList); 
+console.log("After shift:", fruitList);
 // Output: After shift: [ 'banana', 'cherry' ]
 
 // Shift again
 let secondRemovedFruit = fruitList.shift();
-console.log("Removed fruit:", secondRemovedFruit); 
+console.log("Removed fruit:", secondRemovedFruit);
 // Output: Removed fruit: banana
-console.log("After another shift:", fruitList); 
+console.log("After another shift:", fruitList);
 // Output: After another shift: [ 'cherry' ]
 
 // Shift from a single-element array
 fruitList.shift();
-console.log("After shifting the last element:", fruitList); 
+console.log("After shifting the last element:", fruitList);
 // Output: After shifting the last element: [ ]
 
 // Shift from an empty array
 let emptyList = [];
 let removedFromEmptyList = emptyList.shift();
-console.log("Removed from empty array:", removedFromEmptyList); 
+console.log("Removed from empty array:", removedFromEmptyList);
 // Output: Removed from empty array: undefined
-console.log("After shift on empty array:", emptyList); 
+console.log("After shift on empty array:", emptyList);
 // Output: After shift on empty array: [ ]
 
 // ==========================
@@ -219,7 +212,6 @@ console.log("Sliced with negative indices (-3, -1):", slicedNegative);
 console.log("After slice, original array:", vegArray);
 // Output: After slice, original array: [ 'carrot', 'potato', 'tomato', 'onion', 'spinach' ]
 
-
 // ==========================
 // 8. splice() : Modify original array (add, remove, or replace)
 // syntax : splice( startIdx, delCount, newElm...)
@@ -251,3 +243,25 @@ console.log("After replacing an element:", fruitBasket);
 fruitBasket.splice(0, fruitBasket.length);
 console.log("After clearing all elements:", fruitBasket);
 // Output: After clearing all elements: []
+
+//----------------------------------------------
+// Let's Practice
+//----------------------------------------------
+// 1) Create an array to store companies -> "Bloomberg","Microsoft","Uber","Google","IBM","Netflix"
+// a. Remove the first company from the array.
+// b. Remove Uber & add Ola in it's place.
+// c. Add Amazon at the end.
+
+// a
+let companies = ["Bloomberg", "Microsoft", "Uber", "Google", "IBM", "Netflix"];
+companies.shift();
+console.log(companies);
+
+// b
+companies.splice(1, 1, "Ola");
+console.log(companies);
+
+// c
+companies.push("Amazon");
+console.log(companies);
+// ------------------------------------end-------------------------------------------------