Docker image for Magento 2

This repo provides Docker images for different Magento 2 versions. Refer to this page to see all available tags. It uses the same convention as my Docker image for Magento 1.x.

This docker image is based on my docker-apache2-php7 image for Apache 2 and PHP 7. Please refer to the image label php_version for the actual PHP version. In general, Magento 2.1.x uses latest PHP 7.0.x, Magento 2.2.x uses latest PHP 7.1.x, and 2.3.x uses latest PHP 7.2.x. Please refer to the label php_version of the image to get the actual PHP version.

This docker image is based on phusion/baseimage-docker with Ubuntu 18.04 LTS. The reason to use phusion/baseimage-docker is to support multiple processes, which is important to get cron jobs working in Mangento.

Please note: this Docker image is for development and testing only, not ready for production use. Setting up a Magento 2 production server requires more configurations. Please refer to official documentations. You can this image as the base to build customized images.

Magento 2 installation types

Magento 2 has three different ways to install, for users, integrators and developers. This Docker image uses integrator as the default installation type, so the Web Setup Wizard can be used. For each version, both integrator and developer installation types are available. The user installation type is not currently supported.

For example, Magento 2 version 2.2.2 has tag 2.2.2, 2.2.2-integrator and 2.2.2-developer. 2.2.2 is the same as 2.2.2-integrator.

Below are some basic instructions.

Quick start

The easiest way to start Magento 2 with MySQL is using Docker Compose. Just clone this repo and run following command in the root directory. The default docker-compose.yml uses MySQL and phpMyAdmin.

$ docker-compose up -d

For admin username and password, please refer to the file env. You can also change the file env to update those configurations. Below are the default configurations.

MYSQL_HOST=db
MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=myrootpassword
MYSQL_USER=magento
MYSQL_PASSWORD=magento
MYSQL_DATABASE=magento

MAGENTO_LANGUAGE=en_GB
MAGENTO_TIMEZONE=Pacific/Auckland
MAGENTO_DEFAULT_CURRENCY=NZD
MAGENTO_URL=http://local.magento
MAGENTO_BACKEND_FRONTNAME=admin
MAGENTO_USE_SECURE=0
MAGENTO_BASE_URL_SECURE=0
MAGENTO_USE_SECURE_ADMIN=0

MAGENTO_ADMIN_FIRSTNAME=Admin
MAGENTO_ADMIN_LASTNAME=MyStore
MAGENTO_ADMIN_EMAIL=amdin@example.com
MAGENTO_ADMIN_USERNAME=admin
MAGENTO_ADMIN_PASSWORD=magentorocks1

For example, if you want to change the default currency, just update the variable MAGENTO_DEFAULT_CURRENCY, e.g. MAGENTO_DEFAULT_CURRENCY=USD.

To get all the possible values of MAGENTO_LANGUAGE, MAGENTO_TIMEZONE and MAGENTO_DEFAULT_CURRENCY, run the corresponding command shown below:

• MAGENTO_LANGUAGE - bin/magento info:language:list
• MAGENTO_TIMEZONE - bin/magento info:timezone:list
• MAGENTO_DEFAULT_CURRENCY - bin/magento info:currency:list

For example, to get all possible values of MAGENTO_LANGUAGE, run

$ docker run --rm -it alexcheng/magento2 bin/magento info:language:list

You can find all available options in the official setup guide. If you need more options, fork this repo and add them in bin\install-magento.

Please see the following video for a quick demo.

Installation

After starting the container, you'll see the setup page of Magento 2. You can use the script install-magento to quickly install Magento 2. The installation script uses the variables in the env file.

Magento 2

$ docker exec -it <container_name> install-magento

Sample data

$ docker exec -it <container_name> install-sampledata

Please note: Sample data for Magento 2.2.2 doesn't work at the moment, see this issue.

Database

The default docker-compose.yml uses MySQL as the database and starts phpMyAdmin. The default URL for phpMyAdmin is http://localhost:8580. Use MySQL username and password to log in.

Magento starts support of MySQL 5.7 in version 2.1.2. Before 2.1.2, MySQL 5.6 should be used.

FAQ

How to keep installed Magento?

You can add a volume to folder /var/www/html, see the docker-compose.yml file.

volumes: 
  - magento-data:/var/www/html 

Where is the database?

Magento 2 cannot run without a database. This image is for Magento 2 only. It doesn't contain MySQL server. MySQL server should be started in another container and linked with Magento 2 container. It's recommended to use Docker Compose to start both containers. You can also use Kubernetes or other tools.

Why accessing http://local.magento?

For development and testing in the local environment, using localhost as Magento 2 URL has some issues. The default env file use http://local.magento as the value of MAGENTO_URL. You need to edit your hosts file to add the mapping from local.magento to localhost. You can use any domain names as long as it looks like a real domain, not localhost.

If localhost doesn't work, try using 127.0.0.1.

127.0.0.1    local.magento

How to update Magento 2 installation configurations?

Depends on how the container is used,

• When using the GUI setup page of Magento 2, update configurations in the UI.
• When using the script, update configurations in the env file.
• When starting Magento 2 as a standalone container, use -e to pass environment variables.

Why getting access denied error after changing the default DB password?

If you change the default DB password in env file and get the access denied error when installing Magento 2, see this issue comment.

Develop and test using this Docker image

As I mentioned before, this Docker image is primarily used for development and testing. Depends on the tasks you are trying to do, there are different ways to use this Docker image.

Extensions and themes

You can keep the extensions and themes directories on your local host machine, and use Docker Compose volumes to install the extensions and themes. For example, if you have a theme in the directory /dev/mytheme, you can install it by specifying it in the docker-composer.yml file. Then you can see the theme in Magento admin UI.

version: '3.0'
services:
  web:
    image: alexcheng/magento2
    ports:
      - "80:80"
    links:
      - db
    env_file:
      - env
    volumes:
      - /dev/mytheme:/var/www/html/app/design/frontend/mytheme/default
  db:
    image: mysql:5.6.23
    volumes:
      - db-data:/var/lib/mysql/data
    env_file:
      - env
  phpmyadmin:
    image: phpmyadmin/phpmyadmin
    ports:
      - "8580:80"
    links:
      - db
volumes:
  db-data:

Modify Magento core files

If you want to modify Magento core files, you cannot modify them directly in the container. Those changes will be lost. It's also not recommended to update Magento core files directly, which makes upgrading Magento a painful process. Actually, Docker makes the process much easier if you absolutely need to modify some core files. You can use volumes to overwrite files.

For example, if you want to overwrite the file app/code/Magento/Catalog/Block/Product/Price.php, you can copy the content to a new file in your local directory /dev/mycode/magento_2_2 and make the changes, then use volumes to overwrite it.

volumes:
  - /dev/mycode/magento_2_2/app/code/Magento/Catalog/Block/Product/Price.php:/var/www/html/app/code/Magento/Catalog/Block/Product/Price.php

By using Docker, we can make sure that all your changes to Magento core files are kept in one place and tracked in source code repository. These changes are also correctly aligned with different Magento versions.

When deploying those changes to production servers, we can simply copy all files in the /dev/mycode/magento_2_2 directory to Magento installation directory and overwrite existing files.

Test Magento compatibilities

This Docker images has different tags for corresponding Magento versions, e.g. 2.2.1, 2.2.2. You can switch to different Magento versions very easily when testing extensions and themes.