Add @MetaSerializable annotation (#1979)

Co-authored-by: rsinukov <rxsinukov@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Vsevolod Tolstopyatov <qwwdfsad@gmail.com>

core/api/kotlinx-serialization-core.api

@@ -43,6 +43,9 @@ public abstract interface class kotlinx/serialization/KSerializer : kotlinx/seri
 	public abstract fun getDescriptor ()Lkotlinx/serialization/descriptors/SerialDescriptor;
 }
 
+public abstract interface annotation class kotlinx/serialization/MetaSerializable : java/lang/annotation/Annotation {
+}
+
 public final class kotlinx/serialization/MissingFieldException : kotlinx/serialization/SerializationException {
 	public fun <init> (Ljava/lang/String;)V
 }

core/commonMain/src/kotlinx/serialization/Annotations.kt

@@ -73,6 +73,35 @@ public annotation class Serializable(
     val with: KClass<out KSerializer<*>> = KSerializer::class // Default value indicates that auto-generated serializer is used
 )
 
+/**
+ * The meta-annotation for adding [Serializable] behaviour to user-defined annotations.
+ *
+ * Applying [MetaSerializable] to the annotation class `A` instructs the serialization plugin to treat annotation A
+ * as [Serializable]. In addition, all annotations marked with [MetaSerializable] are saved in the generated [SerialDescriptor]
+ * as if they are annotated with [SerialInfo].
+ *
+ * ```
+ * @MetaSerializable
+ * @Target(AnnotationTarget.CLASS)
+ * annotation class MySerializable(val data: String)
+ *
+ * @MySerializable("some_data")
+ * class MyData(val myData: AnotherData, val intProperty: Int, ...)
+ *
+ * val serializer = MyData.serializer()
+ * serializer.descriptor.annotations.filterIsInstance<MySerializable>().first().data // <- returns "some_data"
+ * ```
+ *
+ * @see Serializable
+ * @see SerialInfo
+ * @see UseSerializers
+ * @see Serializer
+ */
+@Target(AnnotationTarget.ANNOTATION_CLASS)
+//@Retention(AnnotationRetention.RUNTIME) // Runtime is the default retention, also see KT-41082
+@ExperimentalSerializationApi
+public annotation class MetaSerializable
+
 /**
  * Instructs the serialization plugin to turn this class into serializer for specified class [forClass].
  * However, it would not be used automatically. To apply it on particular class or property,

core/commonTest/src/kotlinx/serialization/MetaSerializableTest.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+package kotlinx.serialization
+
+import kotlinx.serialization.test.*
+import kotlin.reflect.KClass
+import kotlin.test.*
+
+class MetaSerializableTest {
+
+    @MetaSerializable
+    @Target(AnnotationTarget.CLASS, AnnotationTarget.PROPERTY)
+    annotation class MySerializable
+
+    @MetaSerializable
+    @Target(AnnotationTarget.CLASS, AnnotationTarget.PROPERTY)
+    annotation class MySerializableWithInfo(
+        val value: Int,
+        val kclass: KClass<*>
+    )
+
+    @MySerializable
+    class Project1(val name: String, val language: String)
+
+    @MySerializableWithInfo(123, String::class)
+    class Project2(val name: String, val language: String)
+
+    @MySerializableWithInfo(123, String::class)
+    @Serializable
+    class Project3(val name: String, val language: String)
+
+    @Serializable
+    class Wrapper(
+        @MySerializableWithInfo(234, Int::class) val project: Project3
+    )
+
+    @Test
+    fun testMetaSerializable() = noJsLegacy {
+        val serializer = serializer<Project1>()
+        assertNotNull(serializer)
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testMetaSerializableWithInfo() = noJsLegacy {
+        val info = serializer<Project2>().descriptor.annotations.filterIsInstance<MySerializableWithInfo>().first()
+        assertEquals(123, info.value)
+        assertEquals(String::class, info.kclass)
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testMetaSerializableOnProperty() = noJsLegacy {
+        val info = serializer<Wrapper>().descriptor
+            .getElementAnnotations(0).filterIsInstance<MySerializableWithInfo>().first()
+        assertEquals(234, info.value)
+        assertEquals(Int::class, info.kclass)
+    }
+}

formats/json-tests/commonTest/src/kotlinx/serialization/features/MetaSerializableJsonTest.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+package kotlinx.serialization.features
+
+import kotlinx.serialization.*
+import kotlinx.serialization.json.*
+import kotlin.test.*
+
+class MetaSerializableJsonTest : JsonTestBase() {
+    @MetaSerializable
+    @Target(AnnotationTarget.PROPERTY, AnnotationTarget.CLASS)
+    annotation class JsonComment(val comment: String)
+
+    @JsonComment("class_comment")
+    data class IntDataCommented(val i: Int)
+
+    @Serializable
+    data class Carrier(
+        val plain: String,
+        @JsonComment("string_comment") val commented: StringData,
+        val intData: IntDataCommented
+    )
+
+    class CarrierSerializer : JsonTransformingSerializer<Carrier>(serializer()) {
+
+        private val desc = Carrier.serializer().descriptor
+        private fun List<Annotation>.comment(): String? = filterIsInstance<JsonComment>().firstOrNull()?.comment
+
+        private val commentMap = (0 until desc.elementsCount).associateBy({ desc.getElementName(it) },
+            { desc.getElementAnnotations(it).comment() ?: desc.getElementDescriptor(it).annotations.comment() })
+
+        // NB: we may want to add this to public API
+        private fun JsonElement.editObject(action: (MutableMap<String, JsonElement>) -> Unit): JsonElement {
+            val mutable = this.jsonObject.toMutableMap()
+            action(mutable)
+            return JsonObject(mutable)
+        }
+
+        override fun transformDeserialize(element: JsonElement): JsonElement {
+            return element.editObject { result ->
+                for ((key, value) in result) {
+                    commentMap[key]?.let {
+                        result[key] = value.editObject {
+                            it.remove("comment")
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        override fun transformSerialize(element: JsonElement): JsonElement {
+            return element.editObject { result ->
+                for ((key, value) in result) {
+                    commentMap[key]?.let { comment ->
+                        result[key] = value.editObject {
+                            it["comment"] = JsonPrimitive(comment)
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testMyJsonComment()  {
+        assertJsonFormAndRestored(
+            CarrierSerializer(),
+            Carrier("plain", StringData("string1"), IntDataCommented(42)),
+            """{"plain":"plain","commented":{"data":"string1","comment":"string_comment"},"intData":{"i":42,"comment":"class_comment"}}"""
+        )
+    }
+
+}