lib/gmath: use C interface to BLAS and LAPACK libraries (#4247)

Replace outdated direct use of Fortran libraries via g2c.h,  f2c.h
or private prototypes, with the C interface API and libraries
CBLAS and LAPACKE. This simplifies our own code and makes
it easier to maintain and expand.

Configure is simplified to use pkg-config to retrieve INC and
LIB info. `--with-blas` defaults to `--with-blas=cblas` where "cblas"
is the pkg-config package name; `---with-lapack` defaults to
`--with-lapack=lapacke`.

If the default fails the test a list of package names are tested:
- BLAS package names tested: cblas blas-netlib openblas blas-atlas
- LAPACKE package name tested: lapacke openblas

- CI(Linux): replace libopenblas-dev with liblapacke-dev dependency
- CI(macOS): replace blas and lapack with openblas dependency
- CI(Windows): replace lapack with openblas dependency

.github/workflows/apt.txt

@@ -7,8 +7,8 @@ libfftw3-dev
 libgdal-dev
 libgl1-mesa-dev
 libglu1-mesa-dev
+liblapacke-dev
 libnetcdf-dev
-libopenblas-dev
 libpdal-dev
 libpng-dev
 libproj-dev

.github/workflows/macos_dependencies.txt

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-blas
 cairo
 clangxx_osx-arm64
 clang_osx-arm64
@@ -13,7 +12,6 @@ giflib
 git
 ipython
 krb5
-lapack
 lastools
 libgdal-arrow-parquet
 libgdal-core
@@ -32,6 +30,7 @@ libtiff
 llvm-openmp
 matplotlib
 numpy<2
+openblas
 pandoc
 pdal
 pillow

.github/workflows/macos_install.sh

@@ -47,12 +47,8 @@ CONFIGURE_FLAGS="\
   --with-bzlib-libs=${CONDA_PREFIX}/lib \
   --with-bzlib-includes=${CONDA_PREFIX}/include \
   --with-netcdf=${CONDA_PREFIX}/bin/nc-config \
-  --with-blas \
-  --with-blas-libs=${CONDA_PREFIX}/lib \
-  --with-blas-includes=${CONDA_PREFIX}/include \
-  --with-lapack
-  --with-lapack-includes=${CONDA_PREFIX}/include \
-  --with-lapack-libs=${CONDA_PREFIX}/lib \
+  --with-blas=openblas \
+  --with-lapack=openblas \
   --with-netcdf=${CONDA_PREFIX}/bin/nc-config \
   --with-nls \
   --with-libs=${CONDA_PREFIX}/lib \

.github/workflows/osgeo4w.yml

@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ jobs:
           update: true
           msystem: MINGW64
           install: tar libintl make bison flex diffutils git dos2unix zip mingw-w64-x86_64-toolchain
-            mingw-w64-x86_64-fftw mingw-w64-x86_64-lapack mingw-w64-x86_64-pkgconf
+            mingw-w64-x86_64-fftw mingw-w64-x86_64-openblas mingw-w64-x86_64-pkgconf
             mingw-w64-x86_64-gcc mingw-w64-x86_64-ccache mingw-w64-x86_64-zlib mingw-w64-x86_64-libiconv
             mingw-w64-x86_64-bzip2 mingw-w64-x86_64-gettext mingw-w64-x86_64-libsystre
             mingw-w64-x86_64-libtre-git mingw-w64-x86_64-libwinpthread-git mingw-w64-x86_64-libpng