Merge pull request #834 from PyPSA/all-waste-heat-min-part-load

extended waste heat from PtX, revised minimum part loads

config/config.default.yaml

@@ -480,11 +480,15 @@ sector:
   - nearshore    # within 50 km of sea
     # - offshore
   ammonia: false
-  min_part_load_fischer_tropsch: 0.9
-  min_part_load_methanolisation: 0.5
+  min_part_load_fischer_tropsch: 0.7
+  min_part_load_methanolisation: 0.3
+  min_part_load_methanation: 0.3
   use_fischer_tropsch_waste_heat: true
+  use_haber_bosch_waste_heat: true
+  use_methanolisation_waste_heat: true
+  use_methanation_waste_heat: true
   use_fuel_cell_waste_heat: true
-  use_electrolysis_waste_heat: false
+  use_electrolysis_waste_heat: true
   electricity_distribution_grid: true
   electricity_distribution_grid_cost_factor: 1.0
   electricity_grid_connection: true

doc/release_notes.rst

@@ -44,6 +44,14 @@ Upcoming Release
   network has been moved from ``focus_weights:`` to ``clustering:
   focus_weights:``. Backwards compatibility to old config files is maintained.
 
+* Extend options for waste usage from Haber-Bosch, methanolisation and methanation.
+
+* Use electrolysis waste heat by default.
+
+* Add new ``sector_opts`` wildcard option "nowasteheat" to disable all waste heat usage.
+
+* Set minimum part loads for PtX processes to 30% for methanolisation and methanation, and to 70% for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis.
+
 * Add VOM as marginal cost to PtX processes.
 
 * Add pelletizing costs for biomass boilers.

scripts/prepare_sector_network.py

@@ -1345,6 +1345,7 @@ def add_storage_and_grids(n, costs):
             bus2=spatial.co2.nodes,
             p_nom_extendable=True,
             carrier="Sabatier",
+            p_min_pu=options.get("min_part_load_methanation", 0),
             efficiency=costs.at["methanation", "efficiency"],
             efficiency2=-costs.at["methanation", "efficiency"]
             * costs.at["gas", "CO2 intensity"],
@@ -2974,25 +2975,70 @@ def add_waste_heat(n):
     if not urban_central.empty:
         urban_central = urban_central.str[: -len(" urban central heat")]
 
+        link_carriers = n.links.carrier.unique()
+
         # TODO what is the 0.95 and should it be a config option?
-        if options["use_fischer_tropsch_waste_heat"]:
+        if (
+            options["use_fischer_tropsch_waste_heat"]
+            and "Fischer-Tropsch" in link_carriers
+        ):
             n.links.loc[urban_central + " Fischer-Tropsch", "bus3"] = (
                 urban_central + " urban central heat"
             )
             n.links.loc[urban_central + " Fischer-Tropsch", "efficiency3"] = (
                 0.95 - n.links.loc[urban_central + " Fischer-Tropsch", "efficiency"]
             )
 
+        if options["use_methanation_waste_heat"] and "Sabatier" in link_carriers:
+            n.links.loc[urban_central + " Sabatier", "bus3"] = (
+                urban_central + " urban central heat"
+            )
+            n.links.loc[urban_central + " Sabatier", "efficiency3"] = (
+                0.95 - n.links.loc[urban_central + " Sabatier", "efficiency"]
+            )
+
+        # DEA quotes 15% of total input (11% of which are high-value heat)
+        if options["use_haber_bosch_waste_heat"] and "Haber-Bosch" in link_carriers:
+            n.links.loc[urban_central + " Haber-Bosch", "bus3"] = (
+                urban_central + " urban central heat"
+            )
+            total_energy_input = (
+                cf_industry["MWh_H2_per_tNH3_electrolysis"]
+                + cf_industry["MWh_elec_per_tNH3_electrolysis"]
+            ) / cf_industry["MWh_NH3_per_tNH3"]
+            electricity_input = (
+                cf_industry["MWh_elec_per_tNH3_electrolysis"]
+                / cf_industry["MWh_NH3_per_tNH3"]
+            )
+            n.links.loc[urban_central + " Haber-Bosch", "efficiency3"] = (
+                0.15 * total_energy_input / electricity_input
+            )
+
+        if (
+            options["use_methanolisation_waste_heat"]
+            and "methanolisation" in link_carriers
+        ):
+            n.links.loc[urban_central + " methanolisation", "bus4"] = (
+                urban_central + " urban central heat"
+            )
+            n.links.loc[urban_central + " methanolisation", "efficiency4"] = (
+                costs.at["methanolisation", "heat-output"]
+                / costs.at["methanolisation", "hydrogen-input"]
+            )
+
         # TODO integrate usable waste heat efficiency into technology-data from DEA
-        if options.get("use_electrolysis_waste_heat", False):
+        if (
+            options.get("use_electrolysis_waste_heat", False)
+            and "H2 Electrolysis" in link_carriers
+        ):
             n.links.loc[urban_central + " H2 Electrolysis", "bus2"] = (
                 urban_central + " urban central heat"
             )
             n.links.loc[urban_central + " H2 Electrolysis", "efficiency2"] = (
                 0.84 - n.links.loc[urban_central + " H2 Electrolysis", "efficiency"]
             )
 
-        if options["use_fuel_cell_waste_heat"]:
+        if options["use_fuel_cell_waste_heat"] and "H2 Fuel Cell" in link_carriers:
             n.links.loc[urban_central + " H2 Fuel Cell", "bus2"] = (
                 urban_central + " urban central heat"
             )
@@ -3427,6 +3473,15 @@ def set_temporal_aggregation(n, opts, solver_name):
     if "nodistrict" in opts:
         options["district_heating"]["progress"] = 0.0
 
+    if "nowasteheat" in opts:
+        logger.info("Disabling waste heat.")
+        options["use_fischer_tropsch_waste_heat"] = False
+        options["use_methanolisation_waste_heat"] = False
+        options["use_haber_bosch_waste_heat"] = False
+        options["use_methanation_waste_heat"] = False
+        options["use_fuel_cell_waste_heat"] = False
+        options["use_electrolysis_waste_heat"] = False
+
     if "T" in opts:
         add_land_transport(n, costs)