Fix Uc gate global phase (#8231) (#8378)

* global phase UCGate

* Create global-phase-ucgate-cd61355e314a3e64.yaml

* Update qiskit/extensions/quantum_initializer/isometry.py

* Update qiskit/extensions/quantum_initializer/isometry.py

Co-authored-by: ewinston <ewinston@us.ibm.com>
Co-authored-by: mergify[bot] <37929162+mergify[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
(cherry picked from commit f2c2fe2)

Co-authored-by: Adenilton Silva <7927558+adjs@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Matthew Treinish <mtreinish@kortar.org>

qiskit/extensions/quantum_initializer/isometry.py

@@ -22,7 +22,6 @@
 
 import itertools
 import numpy as np
-
 from qiskit.circuit.exceptions import CircuitError
 from qiskit.circuit.instruction import Instruction
 from qiskit.circuit.quantumcircuit import QuantumCircuit
@@ -73,6 +72,8 @@ def __init__(self, isometry, num_ancillas_zero, num_ancillas_dirty, epsilon=_EPS
         if len(isometry.shape) == 1:
             isometry = isometry.reshape(isometry.shape[0], 1)
 
+        self.iso_data = isometry
+
         self.num_ancillas_zero = num_ancillas_zero
         self.num_ancillas_dirty = num_ancillas_dirty
         self._inverse = None
@@ -103,15 +104,23 @@ def __init__(self, isometry, num_ancillas_zero, num_ancillas_dirty, epsilon=_EPS
         super().__init__("isometry", num_qubits, 0, [isometry])
 
     def _define(self):
+
         # TODO The inverse().inverse() is because there is code to uncompute (_gates_to_uncompute)
         #  an isometry, but not for generating its decomposition. It would be cheaper to do the
         #  later here instead.
-        gate = self.inverse().inverse()
+        gate = self.inv_gate()
+        gate = gate.inverse()
         q = QuantumRegister(self.num_qubits)
         iso_circuit = QuantumCircuit(q)
         iso_circuit.append(gate, q[:])
         self.definition = iso_circuit
 
+    def inverse(self):
+        self.params = []
+        inv = super().inverse()
+        self.params = [self.iso_data]
+        return inv
+
     def _gates_to_uncompute(self):
         """
         Call to create a circuit with gates that take the desired isometry to the first 2^m columns
@@ -127,9 +136,9 @@ def _gates_to_uncompute(self):
         ) = self._define_qubit_role(q)
         # Copy the isometry (this is computationally expensive for large isometries but guarantees
         # to keep a copyof the input isometry)
-        remaining_isometry = self.params[0].astype(complex)  # note: "astype" does copy the isometry
+        remaining_isometry = self.iso_data.astype(complex)  # note: "astype" does copy the isometry
         diag = []
-        m = int(np.log2((self.params[0]).shape[1]))
+        m = int(np.log2((self.iso_data).shape[1]))
         # Decompose the column with index column_index and attache the gate to the circuit object.
         # Return the isometry that is left to decompose, where the columns up to index column_index
         # correspond to the firstfew columns of the identity matrix up to diag, and hence we only
@@ -148,7 +157,7 @@ def _decompose_column(self, circuit, q, diag, remaining_isometry, column_index):
         """
         Decomposes the column with index column_index.
         """
-        n = int(np.log2(self.params[0].shape[0]))
+        n = int(np.log2(self.iso_data.shape[0]))
         for s in range(n):
             self._disentangle(circuit, q, diag, remaining_isometry, column_index, s)
 
@@ -163,7 +172,7 @@ def _disentangle(self, circuit, q, diag, remaining_isometry, column_index, s):
         # (note that we remove columns of the isometry during the procedure for efficiency)
         k_prime = 0
         v = remaining_isometry
-        n = int(np.log2(self.params[0].shape[0]))
+        n = int(np.log2(self.iso_data.shape[0]))
 
         # MCG to set one entry to zero (preparation for disentangling with UCGate):
         index1 = 2 * _a(k, s + 1) * 2**s + _b(k, s + 1)
@@ -215,7 +224,7 @@ def _disentangle(self, circuit, q, diag, remaining_isometry, column_index, s):
     # The qubit with label n-s-1 is disentangled into the basis state k_s(k,s).
     def _find_squs_for_disentangling(self, v, k, s):
         k_prime = 0
-        n = int(np.log2(self.params[0].shape[0]))
+        n = int(np.log2(self.iso_data.shape[0]))
         if _b(k, s + 1) == 0:
             i_start = _a(k, s + 1)
         else:
@@ -242,7 +251,7 @@ def _append_ucg_up_to_diagonal(self, circ, q, single_qubit_gates, control_labels
             q_ancillas_zero,
             q_ancillas_dirty,
         ) = self._define_qubit_role(q)
-        n = int(np.log2(self.params[0].shape[0]))
+        n = int(np.log2(self.iso_data.shape[0]))
         qubits = q_input + q_ancillas_for_output
         # Note that we have to reverse the control labels, since controls are provided by
         # increasing qubit number toa UCGate by convention
@@ -264,7 +273,7 @@ def _append_mcg_up_to_diagonal(self, circ, q, gate, control_labels, target_label
             q_ancillas_zero,
             q_ancillas_dirty,
         ) = self._define_qubit_role(q)
-        n = int(np.log2(self.params[0].shape[0]))
+        n = int(np.log2(self.iso_data.shape[0]))
         qubits = q_input + q_ancillas_for_output
         control_qubits = _reverse_qubit_oder(_get_qubits_by_label(control_labels, qubits, n))
         target_qubit = _get_qubits_by_label([target_label], qubits, n)[0]
@@ -284,8 +293,10 @@ def _append_mcg_up_to_diagonal(self, circ, q, gate, control_labels, target_label
         return mcg_up_to_diag._get_diagonal()
 
     def _define_qubit_role(self, q):
-        n = int(np.log2((self.params[0]).shape[0]))
-        m = int(np.log2((self.params[0]).shape[1]))
+
+        n = int(np.log2(self.iso_data.shape[0]))
+        m = int(np.log2(self.iso_data.shape[1]))
+
         # Define the role of the qubits
         q_input = q[:m]
         q_ancillas_for_output = q[m:n]
@@ -297,10 +308,12 @@ def validate_parameter(self, parameter):
         """Isometry parameter has to be an ndarray."""
         if isinstance(parameter, np.ndarray):
             return parameter
+        if isinstance(parameter, (list, int)):
+            return parameter
         else:
             raise CircuitError(f"invalid param type {type(parameter)} for gate {self.name}")
 
-    def inverse(self):
+    def inv_gate(self):
         """Return the adjoint of the unitary."""
         if self._inverse is None:
             # call to generate the circuit that takes the isometry to the first 2^m columns

qiskit/extensions/quantum_initializer/uc.py

@@ -138,8 +138,7 @@ def _dec_ucg(self):
         circuit = QuantumCircuit(q)
         # If there is no control, we use the ZYZ decomposition
         if not q_controls:
-            theta, phi, lamb = _DECOMPOSER1Q.angles(self.params[0])
-            circuit.u(theta, phi, lamb, q)
+            circuit.unitary(self.params[0], [q])
             return circuit, diag
         # If there is at least one control, first,
         # we find the single qubit gates of the decomposition.
@@ -160,7 +159,7 @@ def _dec_ucg(self):
                     .dot(HGate().to_matrix())
                 )
             # Add single-qubit gate
-            circuit.squ(squ, q_target)
+            circuit.unitary(squ, [q_target])
             # The number of the control qubit is given by the number of zeros at the end
             # of the binary representation of (i+1)
             binary_rep = np.binary_repr(i + 1)
@@ -169,6 +168,7 @@ def _dec_ucg(self):
             # Add C-NOT gate
             if not i == len(single_qubit_gates) - 1:
                 circuit.cx(q_controls[q_contr_index], q_target)
+                circuit.global_phase -= 0.25 * np.pi
         if not self.up_to_diagonal:
             # Important: the diagonal gate is given in the computational basis of the qubits
             # q[k-1],...,q[0],q_target (ordered with decreasing significance),

releasenotes/notes/global-phase-ucgate-cd61355e314a3e64.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+---
+fixes:
+  - |
+    Fixed a global phase bug in :class:`~.UCGate`.

test/python/circuit/test_uc.py

@@ -46,9 +46,9 @@ class TestUCGate(QiskitTestCase):
             [_id, _id],
             [_id, 1j * _id],
             [_id, _not, _id, _not],
-            [random_unitary(2, seed=541234).data for i in range(2**2)],
-            [random_unitary(2, seed=975163).data for i in range(2**3)],
-            [random_unitary(2, seed=629462).data for i in range(2**4)],
+            [random_unitary(2, seed=541234).data for _ in range(2**2)],
+            [random_unitary(2, seed=975163).data for _ in range(2**3)],
+            [random_unitary(2, seed=629462).data for _ in range(2**4)],
         ],
         up_to_diagonal=[True, False],
     )
@@ -70,6 +70,21 @@ def test_ucg(self, squs, up_to_diagonal):
         unitary_desired = _get_ucg_matrix(squs)
         self.assertTrue(matrix_equal(unitary_desired, unitary, ignore_phase=True))
 
+    def test_global_phase_ucg(self):
+        """ "Test global phase of uniformly controlled gates"""
+        gates = [random_unitary(2).data for _ in range(2**2)]
+        num_con = int(np.log2(len(gates)))
+        q = QuantumRegister(num_con + 1)
+        qc = QuantumCircuit(q)
+
+        qc.uc(gates, q[1:], q[0], up_to_diagonal=False)
+        simulator = BasicAer.get_backend("unitary_simulator")
+        result = execute(qc, simulator).result()
+        unitary = result.get_unitary(qc)
+        unitary_desired = _get_ucg_matrix(gates)
+
+        self.assertTrue(np.allclose(unitary_desired, unitary))
+
 
 def _get_ucg_matrix(squs):
     return block_diag(*squs)