Link libraries and the MSVC CRT statically

[NoahAndrews]

This PR is blocked by changes needed from https://github.com/REVrobotics/CANBridge:

• Even the static build of CANBridge is built using the /MD compiler option instead of /MT, so it still requires a compatible version of the Visual C++ Redistributable to be installed
  • After building CANBridge, you can see the compiler options used at build/tmp/compileCANBridgeWindowsx86-64ReleaseStaticLibraryCANBridgeCpp/options.txt
• Once we prove the concept by using manually-extracted static WPILib artifacts from here and here, we should merge Update build system for Linux, macOS, overhaul GitHub Actions, remove serial driver CANBridge#37, as that already contains changes to upload all of the static libraries we'll need to future CANBridge releases.