Update dependency phpunit/phpunit to v12 #2915

Job	Run time
Static Analysis by PHPStan (locked, 8.3, ubuntu-latest)	12s
Static Analysis by PHPStan (locked, 8.4, ubuntu-latest)	1s
Static Analysis by PHPStan (locked, 8.2, ubuntu-latest)	1s
Static Analysis by Psalm (locked, 8.4, ubuntu-latest)	10s
Mutation tests (locked, 8.4, ubuntu-latest)	17s
Test Compatibility (locked, 8.4, windows-latest)	38s
Test Compatibility (locked, 8.4, ubuntu-latest)	1s
Run benchmarks (locked, 8.4, windows-latest)	37s
Check Demo Scripts (locked, 8.4, ubuntu-latest)	11s
Run benchmarks (locked, 8.4, ubuntu-latest)	19s
Check Coding Standards (locked, 8.4, ubuntu-latest)	19s
PHPUnit tests (lowest, 8.2, windows-latest)	1m 3s
PHPUnit tests (lowest, 8.3, windows-latest)	1s
PHPUnit tests (lowest, 8.3, ubuntu-latest)	11s
PHPUnit tests (lowest, 8.4, windows-latest)	1m 3s
Check Backward Compatibility (locked, 8.4, ubuntu-latest)	22s
PHPUnit tests (lowest, 8.4, ubuntu-latest)	1s
PHPUnit tests (lowest, 8.2, ubuntu-latest)	1m 3s
PHPUnit tests (highest, 8.3, ubuntu-latest)	1s
PHPUnit tests (highest, 8.3, windows-latest)	1m 4s
PHPUnit tests (highest, 8.2, ubuntu-latest)	1s
PHPUnit tests (highest, 8.4, windows-latest)	1s
PHPUnit tests (locked, 8.4, ubuntu-latest)	1s
PHPUnit tests (locked, 8.4, windows-latest)	1s
PHPUnit tests (highest, 8.2, windows-latest)	1s
PHPUnit tests (highest, 8.4, ubuntu-latest)	1s
PHPUnit tests (locked, 8.3, windows-latest)	1s
PHPUnit tests (locked, 8.2, ubuntu-latest)	1s
PHPUnit tests (locked, 8.2, windows-latest)	1m 4s
PHPUnit tests (locked, 8.3, ubuntu-latest)	1s
	8m 48s

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