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The ELU activation is added #8699

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May 2, 2023
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40 changes: 40 additions & 0 deletions neural_network/activation_functions/exponential_linear_unit.py
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
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"""
Implements the Exponential Linear Unit or ELU function.

The function takes a vector of K real numbers and a real number alpha as
input and then applies the ELU function to each element of the vector.

Script inspired from its corresponding Wikipedia article
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rectifier_(neural_networks)
"""

import numpy as np


def exponential_linear_unit(vector: np.ndarray, alpha: float) -> np.ndarray:
"""
Implements the ELU activation function.
Parameters:
vector: the array containing input of elu activation
alpha: hyper-parameter
return:
elu (np.array): The input numpy array after applying elu.

Mathematically, f(x) = x, x>0 else (alpha * (e^x -1)), x<=0, alpha >=0

Examples:
>>> exponential_linear_unit(vector=np.array([2.3,0.6,-2,-3.8]), alpha=0.3)
array([ 2.3 , 0.6 , -0.25939942, -0.29328877])

>>> exponential_linear_unit(vector=np.array([-9.2,-0.3,0.45,-4.56]), alpha=0.067)
array([-0.06699323, -0.01736518, 0.45 , -0.06629904])


"""
return np.where(vector > 0, vector, (alpha * (np.exp(vector) - 1)))


if __name__ == "__main__":
import doctest

doctest.testmod()