feat: added binary exponentation interative function

maths/binary_exponentiation_iterative.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+/**
+ * @function binaryExponentiationIterative
+ * @description Calculate the result of a number raised to the power of another number using binary exponentiation.
+ * @param {number} base - The base number.
+ * @param {number} exponent - The exponent number.
+ * @returns {number} - The result of the base number raised to the power of the exponent number.
+ * @throws {TypeError} - when base is not a number.
+ * @throws {TypeError} - when exponent is not a positive integer.
+ * @example binaryExponentiationIterative(2, 10) => 1024
+ */
+
+export const binaryExponentiationIterative = (
+  base: number,
+  exponent: number
+): number => {
+  if (typeof base !== 'number') {
+    throw new TypeError('base must be a number')
+  }
+
+  if (!Number.isInteger(exponent) || exponent < 0) {
+    throw new TypeError('exponent must be a positive integer')
+  }
+
+  if (exponent === 0) return 1
+  if (exponent === 1) return base
+  if (base === 0) return 0
+  if (base === 1) return 1
+
+  let result = 1
+
+    while (exponent > 0) {
+        if (exponent % 2 === 1) {
+        result *= base
+        }
+        base *= base
+        exponent = Math.floor(exponent / 2)
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}

maths/test/binary_exponentation_interative.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+import { binaryExponentiationIterative } from '../binary_exponentiation_iterative'
+
+describe('binaryExponentiationIterative', () => {
+  test('should throw a TypeError when base is not a number', () => {
+    expect(() =>
+      binaryExponentiationIterative('2' as unknown as number, 10)
+    ).toThrow(TypeError)
+  })
+
+  test('should throw a TypeError when exponent is not a positive integer', () => {
+    expect(() => binaryExponentiationIterative(2, -10)).toThrow(TypeError)
+  })
+
+  test('should return the result of the base number raised to the power of the exponent number', () => {
+    expect(binaryExponentiationIterative(2, 10)).toBe(1024)
+    expect(binaryExponentiationIterative(2, 0)).toBe(1)
+    expect(binaryExponentiationIterative(2, 1)).toBe(2)
+    expect(binaryExponentiationIterative(0, 10)).toBe(0)
+    expect(binaryExponentiationIterative(1, 10)).toBe(1)
+  })
+})